基于NX的数控铣床程序开发以及加工仿真说明书
收藏
资源目录
压缩包内文档预览：(预览前20页/共25页)
编号：10264466
类型：共享资源
大小：2.30MB
格式：ZIP
上传时间：2018-07-04
上传人：QQ14****9609
认证信息
个人认证
郭**（实名认证）
陕西
IP属地：陕西
15
积分
- 关 键 词：
-
基于
nx
数控
铣床
程序
开发
以及
加工
仿真
说明书
仿单
- 资源描述：
-
基于NX的数控铣床程序开发以及加工仿真说明书,基于,nx,数控,铣床,程序,开发,以及,加工,仿真,说明书,仿单
- 内容简介：
-
开题报告论文（设计）题目 基于 NX 的数控铣床程序开发及其加工仿真学生姓名 学号 指导教师一、选题的目的数控铣床是一种功能很强的数控机床，目前迅速发展起来的加工中心、柔性加工单元等都是在数控机床的基础上产生的，两者都离不开机械加工方式。由于数控铣削工艺复杂，需要解决的技术问题也很多。因此，目前人们在研究和开发数控系统及自动编程语言的软件时，也一直把铣削加工作为重点。本课题旨在通过 UG8.0 对给定零件进行建模、仿真，使自动生成的程序成为这种机床能够正常使用的程序，并进行加工检验。二、选题的意义1、劳动生产率高：与普通机床相比，数控机床的劳动生产率大大的提高。2、降低生产成本：提高生产效率 ，降低原材料的报废率，降低了工人们的劳动强度。3、加工精度高，加工质量稳定。 三、国内外状况21 世纪,数控系统在控制精度上取得了突破性进展,2010 年国际制造技术(机床)展览会(IMTS 2010)上,专业的数控系统制造商纷纷推出了提高控制精度的新举措.FANUC 展出的Series30i/31i/32i/35i-M0DEL B 数控系统提出了 AI 纳米轮廓控制、AI 纳米精度控制、纳米平滑加工、NURBS 插补等先进功能，能够提供以纳米为单位的插补指令，大大提高了加工表面的平滑性和光滑度。近两年国际著名机床博览会上，充分展示了数控机床行业的最新发展方向和技术成果，让业界更加明确了“高速、高精、复合、智能、环保”是未来机床发展的重要方向。数控系统作为数控机床的核心，也正向着该方向发展，其主要趋势是向高速度、高精度、高可靠性、多轴联动、智能化、柔性化、网络化发展，并最终向开放式数控系统发展。我国的数控技术经过几十年的发展已形成具有一定技术水平和生产规模的产业体系，建立了华中数控、沈阳数控、航天数控、广州数控和北京精雕数控等一批国产数控系统产业基地。虽然国产高端数控系统与国外相比在功能、性能和可靠性方面仍存在一定差距，但近年来在多轴联动控制、功能复合化、网络化、智能化和开放性等领域也取得了一定成绩。四、研究内容1、对现有的数控铣床进行分析，了解其工作原理，掌握数控铣床加工的程序编制及程序仿真；2、了解数控铣床基本操作熟悉各按钮、旋钮的功能使用方法；3、根据实训中心的数控铣床的特点，如行程、参考点、进刀点等诸多因素进行处理，是自动生成的程序成为这种机床能够正常使用的程序，并进行加工检验。五、研究方案以及步骤本次使用 UG 8.0 对于给定的零件进行建模、仿真，再根据实训中心的数控铣床 EM120-ZT 的特点，使自动生成的程序称之为这种机床能够正常使用的程序，并进行加工检验。1、查阅相关的图书资料，熟悉本课题；2 制定工件加工的工艺路线、各工艺具体内容及所用的设备和工艺装备，决定工艺方案和工艺参数。3、设计相应的数控铣床程序；4、撰写论文初稿，程序代码初稿；5、整理各种资料和结果，完成毕业论文。六、主要问题如何使用 NX 对于给定的零件进行建模、仿真，使自动生成的程序称之为这种机床能够正常使用的程序。解决措施：查阅资料，设计数控铣床程序，并进行加工检验。七、参考文献1 黄拯滔,杨杰.面向能耗的数控铣削过程建模与参数优化.中国机械工程,20162 曾超,王湘江.数控铣床定位精度检测与分析.机械工程师,20183 蔡锐龙,李晓栋,钱思思.国内外数控系统技术研究现状与发展技术.机械科学与技术.20164 封友宝.数控铣床主轴系统的多领域建模与仿真. 华中科技大学. 20165 那铭. 开发式数控系统加工指令代码解释器的研究与实现.沈阳工业大学. 20156 李强，其木格.基于 UG 的数控编程及加工过程仿真.机械设计与制造.2017指导教师意见及建议（从选题、理论与实证准备、研究（设计）方法、工作安排等方面给出评价，并提出指导意见）：指导教师签名： 年 月 日毕业论文工作组意见及建议毕业论文工作组组长签字： 年 月 日注：1.此表由学生填写后，交指导教师签署意见，经毕业论文（设计）工作组审批后，才能开题。2.此表随毕业论文装订并由学院存档。I基于 NX 的数控铣床程序开发以及加工仿真摘要：随着科学技术的迅猛发展，现代制造业正面临着一场工业技术革命。数控技术及数控机床在当今机械制造业中发挥了重要作用，在国家基础工业现代化中也直接彰显了战略性作用，并已成为传统机械制造工业提升改造和实现自动化、柔性化、集成化生产的重要手段和标志。数控技术及数控机床的广泛应用，使机械制造业发生了历史性的变化，其生产结构、产品类型、档次以及生产方式都进一步完善。现代加工车间最重要的设备就是数控机床，现代的CAD/CAM、FMS、CIMS、敏捷制造以及智能制造技术，都需要数控技术作为基础。本次毕业设计主要是使用 NX8.0 对于给定的零件进行建模、仿真，再根据实训中心的数控铣床的特点，进行加工检验。本次毕业设计先运用 NX 根据要求制出零件的实体三维造型，并对这个给定的零件进行图形分析和工艺分析，确定它的加工方法和所需要的加工刀具等，确定好其工序，然后运用 NX 软件对零件进行相应的编程处理，在斯沃数控软件上模拟出数控加工过程，进行对比发现需要改进的地方，并及时优化处理。最后通过后处理生成的零件加工程序转化成铣床可以接受的加工代码，并在数控铣床上进行实际加工检验。关键词：NX； 仿真； 数控技术 IINX-based CNC milling program development and machining simulationAbstract: With the rapid development of science and technology, modern manufacturing industry is facing an industrial technological revolution. CNC technology and CNC machine tools have played an important role in todays machinery manufacturing industry. They have also directly demonstrated the strategic role in the modernization of the countrys basic industries and have become the traditional machinery manufacturing industry to upgrade and transform, realize automation, flexibility, and integrated production. Important means and signs. The wide application of numerical control technology and CNC machine tools has brought about historic changes in the machinery manufacturing industry, and its production structure, product types, grades, and production methods have been further improved. The most important equipment in modern machining workshops is CNC machine tools, modern CAD/CAM, FMS, CIMS, agile manufacturing, and intelligent manufacturing technologies, all of which require the foundation of numerical control technology.The graduation project mainly uses NX8.0 to model and simulate the given parts, and then conducts inspection according to the characteristics of the CNC milling machine in the training center. The graduated design first uses NX to produce the solid three-dimensional shape of the part based on the requirements, and performs graphic analysis and process analysis on the given part, determines its processing method and required machining tools, etc., to determine the process, and then Using NX software, the parts are programmed accordingly, and the trajectory of the knife is simulated, and the comparison is made to find out where improvements need to be made, and the processing is optimized in time. Finally, the part processing program generated by the post-processing is converted into an acceptable machining code for the milling machine, and the actual machining inspection is performed on the numerically controlled milling machine.IIIKeywords: NX； Post-processing； CNC TechnologyIII目 录摘要 .IABSTRACT.II1 绪论 .11.1 课题的背景及意义 .11.1.1 课题的背景.11.1.2 课题的意义.11.2 课题的来源及目的 .21.3 数控技术的国内外发展趋势 .31.3.1 向高速度、高精度加工技术及装备发展.41.3.2 向控制智能化、体系开放化方向发展.41.3.3 向驱动并联化、网络化方向发展.41.3 课题的主要研究内容 .42 相关技术基础及机床参数 .52.1 数控加工 .52.2 数控机床 .52.3 数控编程.52.3.1 手工编程.52.3.2 自动编程.62.4FANUC 数控系统 .62.41 程序的结构形式.62.42 主要功能介绍 .72.4.3 用户宏程序.92.5 HM6-M03-01 数控铣床以及各项参数 .93 UG NX 软件及后置处理器 .103.1UG NX 软件的概述 .103.2UG NX 软件的应用领域 .103.3 后置处理过程具备的条件 .103.3.1 刀具路径.103.3.2 加工输出管理器.10IV3.3.3 事件生成器.113.3.4 事件处理文件.113.3.5 机床定义文件.113.4 UG 后置处理介绍 .114 UG 造型、后处理及仿真加工 .134.1 实体三维造型 .134.2 建模 .134.3 后处理 .154.3.1 创建后处理文件.154.3.2 机床参数定义.164.3.3 程序和刀具路径.164.3.4 输出设置.174.3.5 添加后处理到模板文件.184.4 输出 NC 代码并仿真加工 .184.5 导入机床进行加工验证 .195 结论 .21参考文献 .22致谢 .23附录 A 英文文献 .24附录 B 中文翻译 .37附录 C 加工代码 .48V11 绪论数控技术是一种通过运用事先编好的电脑程序来控制机器的方法，也就是对于已经给定的零件运用编好的程序进行加工。由于数控技术是通过计算机来操作控制的，故又称为计算机数控技术。数控设备执行计算机已经存储好的加工代码来完成指令。因此传统的由硬件逻辑电路而组成的数控装置逐步被计算机取代。计算机安装的软件可以实现许多功能，如存储、计算以及处理等。数控技术在如今的制造业信息时代发挥着重要作用。数控设备及数控技术的迅猛发展为我们国家制造工业现代化打下了坚实的基础，而一个国家的经济实力以及综合国力也深受其影响，数控技术水平的高低以及数控设备数量的多少也是衡量一个国家现代化水平高低的重要标准。1.1 课题的背景及意义1.1.1 课题的背景 随着 CAD/CAM 软件加工以及疾速成型等先进的制造技术的发展，在模具行业中这些技术也得以普遍推行，模具设计和制作范围正开展着一场技术型革命，以往的二维设计和模拟量加工方法也逐渐被以产品三维为基础的数字化制造方式所取代，因为这场数字革命里，进一步加深对 CAD/CAM 的了解，最重要的是将其运用在模具的数字化设计和设计中。因此对模具制作与设计的要求越来越高，以及CAD/CAM 技术在模具设计和制造中大规模的普及推行运用，急需大批量对CAD/CAM 技术相熟的模具设计和制造的专业型人士，他们是企业珍贵的财富，同时也为企业不断创新、提高产品市场价值打下了坚实的基础，而现在这方面的业余人才也甚是不足。随着科技的快速发展，许多可靠的 CAD/CAM 系统软件逐渐涌现，并将计算机技术及数控技术结合起来，传统的手动编程方式被新的自动编程技术逐渐取代，通过这种方式将复杂的道路轨迹通过自动编程软件来编制完成，这样不仅大大地提高了计算机的编程效率，而且降低了生产成本。在工厂中常见的 CAD/CAM 软件有 UG、Pro/E、SolidWorks、CAXA 等。2本文通过 UG NX8.0 对零件槽轮进行建模，使自动生成的程序成为学校实训中心 HM6-M03-01 数控铣床能够正常使用的程序，驱动机床加工零件并进行检验。1.1.2 课题的意义近些年，由于自动化技术的快速发展，数字控制技术越来越广泛地运用于各种机械制造设备中，其高效率、高精度以及高性能逐步取代了传统的机械加工设备，从而使我国的机械设备数控率逐年提高，因此各企业大量引进数控机床。据统计，国外的数控率已经达到了 85%，而我国也已接近 50%。未来，相信数控技术会在各行各业中广泛应用。数控铣床的功能性很强，目前迅猛开展起来的加工中心、柔性加工单元等都是在数控机床的基础上展开的，两者都离不开机械加工模式。数控机床与传统机床相比，具有非常显著的优势，不仅在很大程度上提高了劳动生产率，节约加工工人劳动力，降低工人们的劳动强度，而且极大地降低了生产成本，降低了原材料的报废率，更重要的是使产品的精度得以提高，加工质量进一步稳定。综上所述，数控铣床程序将 NX 软件生成的程序转化为数控机床可以接受的加工代码，驱动着数控机床，在保证加工质量和精度等方面起着决定性的作用。1.2 课题的来源及目的本课题通过使用 NX UG8.0 对零件槽轮进行 3D 建模、仿真，再根据实训中心的 HM6-M03-01 数控铣床的特点，是自动生成的程序转化为机床可以接受的加工代码，从而驱动机床加工零件。机床的外观如图 1.1,图 1.2附录 A 英文文献Design Of Tool Machine PropResearch significanceThe original knife machine control procedures are designed individually, not used tool management system, features a single comparison, the knife only has to find the tool knife, knife positioning the shortest path, axis tool change, but does not support large-scale tool. Automatic knife in the knife election, in the computer memory knife-election on the basis of using the Siemens 840 D features, and the election procedures knife more concise, and complete the space Daotao View. ATC use the knife rapid completion of STEP-7 programming, and have been tested in practice. In the positioning of the knife, PLC controlled modular design method, which future production of similar machines will be very beneficial, it is easy to use its other machine. Automatic tool change systems will be faster growth, reduced tool change time, increase the positioning accuracy tool is an important means to help NC technology development. Tool and inventory components of modern production is an important link in the management, especially for large workshop management. The traditional way of account management, and low efficiency, high error rate, and not sharing information and data, tools and the use of state can not track the life cycle, are unable to meet the current information management needs. With actual production, we have to establish a workshop tool for the three-dimensional tool storage system to meet the knife workshop with auxiliary storage and management needs. The system uses optimization technology, a large number of computer storage inventory information, timely, accurate, and comprehensive tool to reflect the inventory situation. The entire system uses a graphical interface, man-machine dialogue tips from the Chinese menu, select various functions can be realized and the importation of all kinds of information. Management system using online help function. Through the workshop management, network management and sharing of information. Have automated inventory management, warehousing management tool, a tool for the management and statistical functions.1.System components and control structureThe entire system, including the structure and electrical machinery control systems.1.1.1Mechanical structure and working principleTool from the stent, drive, drive system, Turret, shielding, control system, and electrical components. Support from the column, beam, the upper and lower guide Central track, and track support component. 1) Drive for the system chosen VVVF method. Cone used brake motors, with VVVF by Cycloid reducer through sprocket drive. 2) Drag a variable frequency drive system and control technology. VVVF adopted, will speed drive shaft in the normal range adjustment to control the speed rotary turret to 5 30mm in, the drive shaft into two, two under through sprocket, the two profiled rollers Chain driven rotating shelves. Expansion chain adopted by the thread tight regulation swelling, swelling the regular way. - Conditioned, under the same chain-of-conditioning, so that the chain of uniform. 3) Turret and shields the entire total of 14 independent Turret. 13 of them as a socket-Turret, as a drawer-Turret, each Turret back through the pin and, under the conveyor chain link chain plate, installed at the bottom roller, chain driven rotating turret rotation along the track. Outlet-Turret and BT50-BT40 Turret Turret two kinds of forms. To strengthen management, security, landscaping modeling, shelf peripherals and shields. Turret-drawer drawer placed at six other Des Voeux a knife, can be categorized with some of knife auxiliary equipment, such as bits, such as turning tools.1.1.2.Electrical Control SystemThis tool storage systems is the main electrical control their shelves for operational control and position control. Operational control equipment, including operation of the start of braking control. Position Control is the main location and address of the shelves for testing. Control system as shown in Figure 1.图 1 Tool Control System for the1) Electric Transmission horizontal rotary tool storage systems are the mechanical movements are repeated short-term work system. And the run-time system needs some speed, speed transmission needs, the system will use VVVF method can be used simple structure, reliable operation of the motor and frequency inverter. 2) Control of the system is divided into two kinds of manual control and automatic control, manual control as a general reserve and debugging methods of work; ways to the system control computer (IPC) and the control unit (inverter contactor , etc.) consisting of a control system. 3) location and positioning accuracy of the system automatically identify the site and location using a detection device as proximity switches, relays through the plate-point isolation and the number plate recorded close to the switching signal acquisition and operation of Hutchison with a Optimal Path addressable identify the current location and shelves of the purpose of the shelf location. In order to enable a more accurate positioning system, adopted two photoelectric switches, to detect the two shelves of the two films.1.2.The functions of the knifeknife The is the role of reserves a certain number of tools, machine tool spindle in hand to achieve the fungibility a disc cutter knife is the type of library, the chain knives, and other means, in the form of the knife and capacity according to the Machine Tool to determine the scope of the process.1.3.Common typesThe knife is a tool storage devices, the common knife mainly in the following forms: (1) the turret knife Including the first level turret vertical turret and the first two, see Figure 2.6 a) and b):(2) the disc cutter Disc knife in the library with discoid knife, cutting tool along See how vertical arrangement (including radial and axial from knife from knife), along See how radial array into acute or arranged in the form of the knife. Simple, compact, more applications, but are ring-cutter, low utilization of space. Figure 2.7 a) to c). If the knife storage capacity must be increased to increase the diameter of the knife, then the moment of inertia also increased correspondingly, the election campaign long knife. Tool number not more than 32 general. Cutter was multi-loop order of the space utilization knife, but inevitably given the knife from complex institutions, applicable to the restricted space Machine Tool storage capacity and more occasions. Two-disc structure is two smaller capacity knife on both sides of the sub-spindle place, more compact layout, the number of certificates corresponding increase knife, apply to small and medium-sized processing center.(3) the chain knife Including single-and multi-ring chain ring chain, chain link can take many forms change, see Figure 2.8 a) to c), the basic structure shown in Figure 2. 8 do Features: knife apply to the larger capacity of the occasion, the space of the small number of generally applicable to the tool in the 30-120. Only increase the length of the chain tool will increase the number should not be increased circumferential speed of its moment of inertia of the knife does not increase the disc as large.(4) linear combination knife and the knife library The linear knife simple structure in Figure 2.9, tool single order, the capacity of small knife, used for CNC lathe and drill press on. Because the location of fixed knife, ATC completed action by the spindle without manipulator. The cutter knife is generally the turret combination turret with a combination of the disc cutter knife and the chain combination. Every single knife the knife certificates of smaller, faster tool change. There are also some intensive drum wheel, and the lattice-type magazine for the knife, the knife-intensive though. Small footprint, but because of structural constraints, basically not used for single processing center, the concentration used for FMS for the knife system.1.4 Tool storage capacityTool storage capacity of the first to consider the needs of processing, from the use of point of view, generally 10 to 40 knives, knife will be the utilization of the high, and the structure is compact.1.5 Tool options(1) choose to order processing tool according to the order, followed Add to the knife every knife in the Block. Each tool change, the order of rotation of a cutter knife on location, and remove the need knives, has been used by the cutter knife can be returned to the original Block, can also order Add Block, a knife. However, as the knife in the tool in different processes can not be repeated use of the knife must increase the capacity and lower utilization rate. (2) most of the arbitrary choice of the current system of using arbitrary NC election knives, divided into Daotao coding, coding and memory-cutter, three. Daotao coding tool code or knives or Daotao need to install the code used to identify, in accordance with the general principle of binary coding coding. Tool knife election coding method uses a special knife handle structure, and each of the coding tool. Each of the tool has its own code, thereby cutting tool can be in different processes repeatedly used, not to replace the tool back at the original knife, the knife capacity can be reduced accordingly. Memory-election this paper knife, in this way can knives and knife in the position corresponding to the Daotao memory of the PLC in the NC system, no matter which tool on the Inner knife, tool information is always there in mind, PLC . On the knife with position detection devices, will be the location of each Daotao. This tool can be removed and sent back to arbitrary. On the knife is also a mechanical origin, every election, the nearest knife selection. 1.6. Control of the knife (1) the knife as a system to control the positioning axis. In the ladder diagram in accordance with the instructions for computing T code comparison of the output angle and speed of instructions to the knife the knife servo drive servo motor. Tool storage capacity, rotation speed, and / deceleration time, and other system parameters can be set in such a manner free from any outside influence positioning accurate and reliable but the cost is higher. (2) knife from the hydraulic motor drives, fast / slow the points, with proximity switches count and positioning. In comparison ladder diagram of the current storage system knife (knife spindle) and goals knife (pre-knife) and computing, then output rotation instructions, judging by the shortest path rotation in place. This approach requires sufficient hydraulic power and electromagnetic valve knife the rotational speed can be adjusted through the throttle. But over time may be oily hydraulic, oil temperature and environmental factors impact the change in velocity and accuracy. Not generally used in large and medium-sized machine tool change frequently. (3) the knife from AC asynchronous motor driven cam mechanism (Markov institutions), with proximity switches count, which means stable operation, and generally accurate and reliable positioning cam used in conjunction with a mechanical hand, ATC fast-positioning.2. ATC, the main types, characteristics, and the scope of application2.1 Auto Rotary ToolRotary Tool automatically on the use of CNC machine tool is a simple installation of automatic tool change, the Quartet and 47.60 Turret Tool various forms, such as rotary turret were installed on four, six or more of the Tool , NC instructions by ATC. Rotary Tool has two vertical and horizontal, relatively simple structure, applicable to economic CNC lathe. Rotary Tool in the structure must have good strength and stiffness, resistance to bear rough Cutting Tool in the cutting force and reduce the role of deformation and improve processing accuracy. Rotating Tool to choose reliable positioning programme structure and reasonable position, in order to ensure that each rotary turret to a higher position after repeated positioning accuracy (typically 0.001 to 0.005mm). Figure 2.1 shows the spiral movements of the Quartet Turret.Auto Rotary Tool in the simplest of ATC, is 180 rotary ATC devices, as shown in Figure 2.2 ATC instructions received, the machine control system put ATC spindle control to the designated location at the same time, the tool movement to the appropriate location, ATC, with the rotary axis and at the same time, the knives matching tool; drawbars from Spindle Cutting Tools rip, ATC, will be the tool from their position removed; ATC, 180 rotary tool spindle and the tool and tool away; ATC, the Rotary At the same time, the tool refocusing its position to accept Spindle removed from the cutting tool; Next, ATC, will be replaced with the cutter knives were unloaded into the spindle and tool: Finally, back to the original ATC, “standby“ position. At this point, ATC completed procedures to continue to run. This ATC, the main advantage of simple structure, the less movement, fast tool change. The main disadvantage is that knives must be kept in parallel with the axis of the plane, and after the home side compared to the tool, chip and liquid-cutting knife into the folder, it is necessary to the tool plus protection. Cone knife folder on the chip will cause ATC error, or even damage knife folders, and the possibility of spindle. Some processing centre at the transfer, and the tool side. When the ATC command is called, the transfer-cutter knives will be removed, the machine go forward, and positioni
- 温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。
川公网安备: 51019002004831号