摘 要
MG180/435-W型液压牵引采煤机主要用于中厚煤层的综采作业。它可以一次采全高,并且能适应煤层厚度变化和底板起伏不平的条件。该采煤机适应性好、功率大、采煤效率高、操作简单、检修方便。本设计主要针对采煤机的整机进行方案设计,对截割部进行结构及传动等相关设计。MG180/435-W型液压牵引采煤机采用弯摇臂截割部,截割电机横向布置在摇臂上,摇臂和机身连接没有动力传递,取消了螺旋伞齿轮和结构复杂的通轴。在截割部传动设计中,利用直齿轮和行星齿轮组成减速器是设计的一般原理,设计出适合截割部使用的减速器,并将它和矿用电动机直接联结,简化了截割部的传动布置。本设计的创新点:把截割部的减速器安装在摇臂里,使用了两个惰轮来增加中心距,这样也使齿轮的总个数减少,提高了传动效率。结构上将离合器安装在电机轴上,使制动变的方便安全。设计中对2K(Ⅰ)型行星减速器进行了优化配齿,采用高度变位,并做了相应的校核,在保证需要的传动比的情况下,使设计的2K(Ⅰ)型行星减速器体积最小。
关键词:采煤机 ;截割部 ;行星减速器 ;摇臂
ABSTRACT
The MG180/435-W type liquid presses to lead to shearer to mainly used for the medium thick coal seam to adopt homework. It can cuts the whole seam height in one trip, and accommodate the changing of seam thickness and floor undulation. Should the shearer adaptability like, the power is big and adopt a coal efficiency high, operate in brief and check to fix convenience. This design mainly carrieson a project design to the whole machine of the shearer, spreading to move to wait a related design towards the cutting drum to carry on structure. The MG180/435-W type liquid presses to lead to shearer curved the ranging arm of the cutting drum, and the electrical engineering horizontal arranges in the ranging arm. There is no motive delivering between ranging arm and gearhead conjunction and canceling spiral umbrella wheel gear and structure a complicated stalk. In the design of the cutting drum spread move , the exploitation keeps the general theory that wheel gear and planet wheel gear's constituting to decelerate a machine is a design. Designing to suit a deceleration machine which mows an usage, and will it and the mineral use electric motor to combine directly, simplifying to the cutting drum to spread to move a decoration. The creative of this design: Cut a deceleration machine of mowing the department to install in the ranging arm, used two round to increase center to be apart from, so as to make the total piece of wheel gear reduced, and raised to spread to move an efficiency. The structure full general clutch installs on the electrical engineering stalk, making the moving convenience and safety. In the Design medium to 2K(Ⅰ) type the planet decelerated a machine to carry on excellent turn to go together with teeth, adopt height to change, and did a homologous check. Be promising to need of spread under circumstance of moving the ratio, make the 2K(Ⅰ) of design type planet decelerate machine physical volume minimum.
The shearer ;The cutting drum ;The planet decelerates a machine ;The ranging arm
1 绪论
1.1引言
我国是一个贫油、少气、富煤的国家,因此我国是产煤大国,煤炭是我国最主要的能源,是保证我国国民经济飞速增长的重要物质基础。煤炭工业的机械化是指采掘、支护、运输、提升的机械化。其中采掘包括采煤和掘进巷道。随着采煤机械化的发展,采煤机是现在最主要的采煤机械。20世纪70年代主要靠进口采煤机来满足我国生产的需要,到今天几乎是我国采煤机占领我国的整个采煤机市场,依靠科技进步,推进技术创新,开发高效矿井综合配套技术是我国煤炭科技的发展的主攻方向,我国的采煤机现在已经进入了自主研发,标准化,系列化阶段。
1.2采煤机械概述
机械化采煤开始于上世纪40年代,是随着采煤机械(采煤机和刨煤机)的出现而开始的。40年代初期,英国、苏联相继生产了采煤机,联邦德国生产了刨煤机,使工作面落煤,装煤实现了机械化。但是当时的采煤机都是链式工作机构,能耗大、效率低,加上工作面输送机不能自移,所以生产率受到一定的限制。
50年代初期,英国、联邦德国相继生产力滚筒采煤机、可弯曲刮板输送机和单体液压支柱,大大推进了采煤机械化的发展。由于当时采煤机上的滚筒式死滚筒,不能实现跳高,因而限制了采煤机械的适用范围,我们称这种固定滚筒的采煤机为第一代采煤机。这样,50年代各国的采煤机械化的主流还只是处于普通机械化水平。虽然载1954年英国已经研制出了液压自移式支架,但是由于采煤机和可弯曲刮板输送机尚不完善,综采技术仅仅处于开始试验阶段。
60年代是世界综采技术的发展时期。第二代采煤机——单摇臂滚筒采煤机的出现,解决了采高调整的问题,扩大了采煤机的适用范围;特别式1964年第三代采煤机——双摇臂采煤机的出现,进一步解决了工作面自开缺口问题;再加上液压支架和可弯曲刮板输送机的不断完善,滑行刨的研制成功等,把综采技术推向了一个新水平,并在生产中显示了综合机械化采煤的优越性——高校、高产 、安全和经济,因此各国竞相采用综采。









