初中英语句型复习完全归纳-否定句型_1

初中英语句型复习完全归纳-否定句型否定句型I am not .结构主词be 动词（amareis）not。说明在肯定句中 be 动词的后面加 not 就构成否定句。I am not a student. 我不是学生。You are not a lawyer.你不是律师。It is not a watch.它不是手表。I am not + V-ing.结构主词am（areis）not现在分词。说明此句型意为“主词（人，物）不是正在” 。要构成现在进行式的否定句，只需在 be 动词后面加 not。They are not playing.他们不是正在玩。She is not watching TV.她不是正在看电视。We are not cleaning the room.我们不是正在打扫房间。I dont + V .结构主词dontdoesnt原形动词。说明此句型意为“主词不（没有）做某事” 。肯定句中，如有一般动词（speakworkteach） ，则在一般动词前加 dont 或 doesnt，并将一般动词改为原形动词（不加 s 或 es） ，即构成否定句。I dont have any brothers. 我没有任何的兄弟。He doesnt know Mr. Brown. 他不认识布朗先生。My mother doesnt speak English. 我母亲不会讲英语。I wasnt .结构主词waswerenot形容词过去时间。说明此句型意为“主词不是” 。was，were 是 be 动词的过去式，当句中出现以下副词（片语）时，动词常用过去式：ago，before，yesterday（morning，afternoon，evening） ， last night，the other day，in the past，just now。 在 was，were 后面加 not，即构成 be 动词过去式的否定句；将 was，were 移到句首，w 改为大写，句点改为问号，即构成 be 动词过去式的疑问句。Tom was not busy yesterday. 汤姆昨天不忙。We were not at home yesterday. 我们昨天不在家。It was not hot yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午天气不热。The boys were sick yesterday. 这些男孩昨天生病。It was cold last winter. 去年冬天天气寒冷。Was your brother early to class yesterday morning? 你弟弟昨天早晨上课早到吗？I didnt + V .结构主词didnt原形动词过去时间。说明本句型的肯定形式是：“主词过去式（ed）过去时间” ；将肯定句中的过去式改为“did not（didnt）原形动词” ，即构成过去式的否定句。He didnt clean the room yesterday.他昨天没打扫房间。She washed the skirt yesterday. 她昨天洗这裙子。Tom didnt watch TV last night.汤姆昨晚没看电视。He talked to his sister after lunch.午餐后，他跟他的妹妹谈话。They didnt cook lunch for their grandfather yesterday.他们昨天没有为他们的祖父做午饭。Mary cleaned the room this morning.玛丽今天早晨打扫了房间。John didnt get up early this morning.约翰今天早晨没有早起床。Tom didnt iron his shirt yesterday. 汤姆昨天没有熨衬衣。My mother didnt water the garden last week.我母亲上星期没有给花园里浇水。I have not + V-ed .结构主词havehasnot过去分词。说明在助动词 have（has）的后面加“not”形成现在完成式的否定式。I have not heard from John for a long time.我好久没有收到约翰的来信了。She has not read todays newspaper.她还没有看今天的报纸。They have not seen that movie on television.他们还没看过电视上的那部影片。There is no + N/V-ing .结构Therebenonot anot any名词动名词（副词）说明这是表示存在的否定句型。否定词用 no，也可用 not a 或 not any。not a 后面跟单数名词；not any 跟复数名词；no 后面的名词单复数都可以。其中以 not a 所表示的否定语气较强。如果带有各种副词，通常是地点副词置于时间副词的前面。There was nothing to buy in the store. There were no shirts, no vests, no jeans, and no pajamas. 那家商店里没什么可买的。那里没有衬衫，没有背心，没有牛仔裤，也没有睡衣。There was not a moment to be lost.分秒必争。There is no denying the fact. 事实决不能否认。(There must be) No talking in here! 这儿不许讲话。No smoking (within these walls)!（场内）禁烟！There is no such + N结构There is no such名词说明此句型意为“没有这样的” 。There was no such club.没有这样的俱乐部。There is no such man in our neighborhood. 在我们的邻近没有这样的人。There is no such book as you want. 没有像你所要的这种书。I am away from .结构用肯定的陈述句形式来表达否定意义说明这主要是通过某些含有否定意义的词汇来表示，如：off，out of，far from，away from， refuse 等，以及含有否定意义的词缀的词汇，如：dislike，unhappy，impossible 等。Mr. Jones is away from Taipei. 琼斯先生已不在台北。The project is far from perfect.这项企划很不完美。The manager is out of the office.经理不在办公室。They shun personal fame and gains.他们不计个人名利。(shun 原义为“避开” ，引伸为“不要” ）I dislike this student very much.我顶讨厌这个学生。. far from .结构. far from .说明表“离很远” ，后面接名词做受词；但 far from 可置于句首做介系词，表“非但不” ，以动名词做受词；若置于 be 动词之后，则视为副词，表“一点也不” ，后面接名词或形容词。It is far from my intention to do such a thing. 我根本不想做这种事。I live far away from my school.我住的地方离学校很远。Far from working hard, he played around.他非但不用功，反而到处鬼混。Far from accepting my advice, he went back on me.他非但不接受我的劝告，反而背叛了我。His explanation was far from satisfactory.他的解释一点也不令人满意。I am far from blaming him.我并不是在责备他。Far from losing money, he can hardly count his profits.他哪里是在赔钱，他几乎无法计算其利润呢！He is far from well. 他并不健康。It is far from the truth. 这哪里是事实。It is free form + N .结构主词be 动词free from名词说明此句型意为“没有” 。本片语须置于 be 动词之后，等于 without，以名词做其受词。He leads a life (which is) free from care.他过着无忧无虑的生活。The hill is completely free from trees.这个山丘上一棵树也没有。This city is free from thieves.这个城市没有盗贼。When her son returned she was at last free from anxiety.她儿子回来了，她总算解除了忧虑。I told him not to go.结构not非述语成分说明本句型的述语是肯定形式，not 加在句中其他成分上，可以否定主词、受词或副词。 not 用以否定非述语成分，主要是用在两种情形：一是不这样安排 not，就会改变句子的意义；二是用于含有对比的叙述中。I told him not to go.我告诉了他，叫他不要去。He goes to school not by bus, but on foot.他去上学不是乘公共汽车，而是走路去的。Not a contract was to be signed.连一个合同也没签。The teacher told him not to make such a mistake again. 老师叫他不要再犯这样的错误。I went to see my friend off, not to meet him.我是去送朋友，不是去接他。He felt sorry for not coming to the meeting on time.他为没有准时到会感到很抱歉。No + N + V .结构No单数名词肯定式动词说明此句型意为“没有一” 。此句型“No名词”的 No 是“Not a（没有一个） ”之意，有时“No名词”是“Noother名词”之意。No animal of the horoscope is considered dumb or ugly or evil.天宫图上的动物没有一种被认为是愚笨的或丑陋的或邪恶的。No student in this school is from the southern part of Taiwan.这个学校没有一个学生是来自南台湾的。No grammar book is more popular than this one with senior high school students.没有（别的）一本文法书比这一本更受高中生的欢迎。否定句型I am not .结构主词be 动词（amareis）not。说明在肯定句中 be 动词的后面加 not 就构成否定句。I am not a student. 我不是学生。You are not a lawyer.你不是律师。It is not a watch.它不是手表。I am not + V-ing.结构主词am（areis）not现在分词。说明此句型意为“主词（人，物）不是正在” 。要构成现在进行式的否定句，只需在 be 动词后面加 not。They are not playing.他们不是正在玩。She is not watching TV.她不是正在看电视。We are not cleaning the room.我们不是正在打扫房间。I dont + V .结构主词dontdoesnt原形动词。说明此句型意为“主词不（没有）做某事” 。肯定句中，如有一般动词（speakworkteach） ，则在一般动词前加 dont 或 doesnt，并将一般动词改为原形动词（不加 s 或 es） ，即构成否定句。I dont have any brothers. 我没有任何的兄弟。He doesnt know Mr. Brown. 他不认识布朗先生。My mother doesnt speak English. 我母亲不会讲英语。I wasnt .结构主词waswerenot形容词过去时间。说明此句型意为“主词不是” 。was，were 是 be 动词的过去式，当句中出现以下副词（片语）时，动词常用过去式：ago，before，yesterday（morning，afternoon，evening） ， last night，the other day，in the past，just now。 在 was，were 后面加 not，即构成 be 动词过去式的否定句；将 was，were 移到句首，w 改为大写，句点改为问号，即构成 be 动词过去式的疑问句。Tom was not busy yesterday. 汤姆昨天不忙。We were not at home yesterday. 我们昨天不在家。It was not hot yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午天气不热。The boys were sick yesterday. 这些男孩昨天生病。It was cold last winter. 去年冬天天气寒冷。Was your brother early to class yesterday morning? 你弟弟昨天早晨上课早到吗？I didnt + V .结构主词didnt原形动词过去时间。说明本句型的肯定形式是：“主词过去式（ed）过去时间” ；将肯定句中的过去式改为“did not（didnt）原形动词” ，即构成过去式的否定句。He didnt clean the room yesterday.他昨天没打扫房间。She washed the skirt yesterday. 她昨天洗这裙子。Tom didnt watch TV last night.汤姆昨晚没看电视。He talked to his sister after lunch.午餐后，他跟他的妹妹谈话。They didnt cook lunch for their grandfather yesterday.他们昨天没有为他们的祖父做午饭。Mary cleaned the room this morning.玛丽今天早晨打扫了房间。John didnt get up early this morning.约翰今天早晨没有早起床。Tom didnt iron his shirt yesterday. 汤姆昨天没有熨衬衣。My mother didnt water the garden last week.我母亲上星期没有给花园里浇水。I have not + V-ed .结构主词havehasnot过去分词。说明在助动词 have（has）的后面加“not”形成现在完成式的否定式。I have not heard from John for a long time.我好久没有收到约翰的来信了。She has not read todays newspaper.她还没有看今天的报纸。They have not seen that movie on television.他们还没看过电视上的那部影片。There is no + N/V-ing .结构Therebenonot anot any名词动名词（副词）说明这是表示存在的否定句型。否定词用 no，也可用 not a 或 not any。not a 后面跟单数名词；not any 跟复数名词；no 后面的名词单复数都可以。其中以 not a 所表示的否定语气较强。如果带有各种副词，通常是地点副词置于时间副词的前面。There was nothing to buy in the store. There were no shirts, no vests, no jeans, and no pajamas. 那家商店里没什么可买的。那里没有衬衫，没有背心，没有牛仔裤，也没有睡衣。There was not a moment to be lost.分秒必争。There is no denying the fact. 事实决不能否认。(There must be) No talking in here! 这儿不许讲话。No smoking (within these walls)!（场内）禁烟！There is no such + N结构There is no such名词说明此句型意为“没有这样的” 。There was no such club.没有这样的俱乐部。There is no such man in our neighborhood. 在我们的邻近没有这样的人。There is no such book as you want. 没有像你所要的这种书。I am away from .结构用肯定的陈述句形式来表达否定意义说明这主要是通过某些含有否定意义的词汇来表示，如：off，out of，far from，away from， refuse 等，以及含有否定意义的词缀的词汇，如：dislike，unhappy，impossible 等。Mr. Jones is away from Taipei. 琼斯先生已不在台北。The project is far from perfect.这项企划很不完美。The manager is out of the office.经理不在办公室。They shun personal fame and gains.他们不计个人名利。(shun 原义为“避开” ，引伸为“不要” ）I dislike this student very much.我顶讨厌这个学生。. far from .结构. far from .说明表“离很远” ，后面接名词做受词；但 far from 可置于句首做介系词，表“非但不” ，以动名词做受词；若置于 be 动词之后，则视为副词，表“一点也不” ，后面接名词或形容词。It is far from my intention to do such a thing. 我根本不想做这种事。I live far away from my school.我住的地方离学校很远。Far from working hard, he played around.他非但不用功，反而到处鬼混。Far from accepting my advice, he went back on me.他非但不接受我的劝告，反而背叛了我。His explanation was far from satisfactory.他的解释一点也不令人满意。I am far from blaming him.我并不是在责备他。Far from losing money, he can hardly count his profits.他哪里是在赔钱，他几乎无法计算其利润呢！He is far from well. 他并不健康。It is far from the truth. 这哪里是事实。It is free form + N .结构主词be 动词free from名词说明此句型意为“没有” 。本片语须置于 be 动词之后，等于 without，以名词做其受词。He leads a life (which is) free from care.他过着无忧无虑的生活。The hill is completely free from trees.这个山丘上一棵树也没有。This city is free from thieves.这个城市没有盗贼。When her son returned she was at last free from anxiety.她儿子回来了，她总算解除了忧虑。I told him not to go.结构not非述语成分说明本句型的述语是肯定形式，not 加在句中其他成分上，可以否定主词、受词或副词。 not 用以否定非述语成分，主要是用在两种情形：一是不这样安排 not，就会改变句子的意义；二是用于含有对比的叙述中。I told him not to go.我告诉了他，叫他不要去。He goes to school not by bus, but on foot.他去上学不是乘公共汽车，而是走路去的。Not a contract was to be signed.连一个合同也没签。The teacher told him not to make such a mistake again. 老师叫他不要再犯这样的错误。I went to see my friend off, not to meet him.我是去送朋友，不是去接他。He felt sorry for not coming to the meeting on time.他为没有准时到会感到很抱歉。No + N + V .结构No单数名词肯定式动词说明此句型意为“没有一” 。此句型“No名词”的 No 是“Not a（没有一个） ”之意，有时“No名词”是“Noother名词”之意。No animal of the horoscope is considered dumb or ugly or evil.天宫图上的动物没有一种被认为是愚笨的或丑陋的或邪恶的。No student in this school is from the southern part of Taiwan.这个学校没有一个学生是来自南台湾的。No grammar book is more popular than this one with senior high school students.没有（别的）一本文法书比这一本更受高中生的欢迎。否定句型I am not .结构主词be 动词（amareis）not。说明在肯定句中 be 动词的后面加 not 就构成否定句。I am not a student. 我不是学生。You are not a lawyer.你不是律师。It is not a watch.它不是手表。I am not + V-ing.结构主词am（areis）not现在分词。说明此句型意为“主词（人，物）不是正在” 。要构成现在进行式的否定句，只需在 be 动词后面加 not。They are not playing.他们不是正在玩。She is not watching TV.她不是正在看电视。We are not cleaning the room.我们不是正在打扫房间。I dont + V .结构主词dontdoesnt原形动词。说明此句型意为“主词不（没有）做某事” 。肯定句中，如有一般动词（speakworkteach） ，则在一般动词前加 dont 或 doesnt，并将一般动词改为原形动词（不加 s 或 es） ，即构成否定句。I dont have any brothers. 我没有任何的兄弟。He doesnt know Mr. Brown. 他不认识布朗先生。My mother doesnt speak English. 我母亲不会讲英语。I wasnt .结构主词waswerenot形容词过去时间。说明此句型意为“主词不是” 。was，were 是 be 动词的过去式，当句中出现以下副词（片语）时，动词常用过去式：ago，before，yesterday（morning，afternoon，evening） ， last night，the other day，in the past，just now。 在 was，were 后面加 not，即构成 be 动词过去式的否定句；将 was，were 移到句首，w 改为大写，句点改为问号，即构成 be 动词过去式的疑问句。Tom was not busy yesterday. 汤姆昨天不忙。We were not at home yesterday. 我们昨天不在家。It was not hot yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午天气不热。The boys were sick yesterday. 这些男孩昨天生病。It was cold last winter. 去年冬天天气寒冷。Was your brother early to class yesterday morning? 你弟弟昨天早晨上课早到吗？I didnt + V .结构主词didnt原形动词过去时间。说明本句型的肯定形式是：“主词过去式（ed）过去时间” ；将肯定句中的过去式改为“did not（didnt）原形动词” ，即构成过去式的否定句。He didnt clean the room yesterday.他昨天没打扫房间。She washed the skirt yesterday. 她昨天洗这裙子。Tom didnt watch TV last night.汤姆昨晚没看电视。He talked to his sister after lunch.午餐后，他跟他的妹妹谈话。They didnt cook lunch for their grandfather yesterday.他们昨天没有为他们的祖父做午饭。Mary cleaned the room this morning.玛丽今天早晨打扫了房间。John didnt get up early this morning.约翰今天早晨没有早起床。Tom didnt iron his shirt yesterday. 汤姆昨天没有熨衬衣。My mother didnt water the garden last week.我母亲上星期没有给花园里浇水。I have not + V-ed .结构主词havehasnot过去分词。说明在助动词 have（has）的后面加“not”形成现在完成式的否定式。I have not heard from John for a long time.我好久没有收到约翰的来信了。She has not read todays newspaper.她还没有看今天的报纸。They have not seen that movie on television.他们还没看过电视上的那部影片。There is no + N/V-ing .结构Therebenonot anot any名词动名词（副词）说明这是表示存在的否定句型。否定词用 no，也可用 not a 或 not any。not a 后面跟单数名词；not any 跟复数名词；no 后面的名词单复数都可以。其中以 not a 所表示的否定语气较强。如果带有各种副词，通常是地点副词置于时间副词的前面。There was nothing to buy in the store. There were no shirts, no vests, no jeans, and no pajamas. 那家商店里没什么可买的。那里没有衬衫，没有背心，没有牛仔裤，也没有睡衣。There was not a moment to be lost.分秒必争。There is no denying the fact. 事实决不能否认。(There must be) No talking in here! 这儿不许讲话。No smoking (within these walls)!（场内）禁烟！There is no such + N结构There is no such名词说明此句型意为“没有这样的” 。There was no such club.没有这样的俱乐部。There is no such man in our neighborhood. 在我们的邻近没有这样的人。There is no such book as you want. 没有像你所要的这种书。I am away from .结构用肯定的陈述句形式来表达否定意义说明这主要是通过某些含有否定意义的词汇来表示，如：off，out of，far from，away from， refuse 等，以及含有否定意义的词缀的词汇，如：dislike，unhappy，impossible 等。Mr. Jones is away from Taipei. 琼斯先生已不在台北。The project is far from perfe