2014届高三一轮复习英语资料

.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语 )1curious adj. 好奇的be curious_about 对好奇2defend vt.保卫；保护defend.against 捍卫以(免受)3likely adj.可能的 be likely_to 很可能；有希望4in general 总的来说；通常generally_speaking 一般来说5ease n安逸；舒适；vt.减轻 (痛苦、忧虑)at_ease 自由自在6approach vt. & vi.靠近；走近；n.方法；途径draw near/be on the way/around the corner (时刻) 马上来临7subjective adj.主观的objective adj .客观的neutral adj.中立的.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词 )1state vt.陈述 statement n陈述2defend vt.保护；保卫defense n保卫3misunderstand vt.误解；误会 misunderstanding n误解4face n脸facial adj.面部的.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空 )1I was greeted(迎接) by a girl representing(代表) the association(社团) and her pleasant smile really put me at_ease(舒适)2In_general(通常), friends are_also_likely_to(也很可能 ) have misunderstandings(误会), but we dont use our fists(拳头) or turn_our_back_to(背对) each other.3When crossing the forest, I felt something approaching(靠近)I picked up a stick to defend(保护) myself.Luckily, it only smelled curiously(好奇地 ) and then left.What a relief!4Sometimes，facial(面部的) expressions function(起作用) better than spoken(口语的) language.5Suddenly, a girl student dashed(猛冲) into the canteen(食堂) and hugged(拥抱) the mother and kissed her on the cheek(面颊).语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇 )Are you curious that adults never misunderstand their statements by gestures？They know what their major greetings represent，for example，in the dormitory or canteen.课文原句背诵1The _first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Columbia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到的是来自哥伦比亚的 Tony Garcia, 来自英国的朱丽叶史密斯紧随其后。2She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as _if_in_defence.她向后退着，看上去很吃惊，举起双手好像在防御。3Not_all_cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也并不一样。.单项填空1The lecture, _at 700 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. (2012湖南，31)Astarting Bbeing startedCto start Dto be started答案 A解析 句意为：报告于昨晚七点开始，报告之后便是用望远镜观察月球。start 在此用作不及物动词。lecture 与 start 之间为主动关系，故选 A。(考查单元语法)2Sarah pretended to be cheerful，_ nothing about the argument.(2011大纲全国，18)Asays BsaidCto say Dsaying答案 D解析 句意为：萨拉假装很开心，对那次争论只字未提。Sarah 和 say 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词形式。(考查单元语法)3Tsinghua University，_in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. (2011福建，23)Afound BfoundingCfounded Dto be founded答案 C解析 句意为：清华大学，建于 1911 年，是许多杰出人物的母校。found 意指“建立，创立” ，与主语 Tsinghua University 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故排除表主动关系的 B 项founding，并且由时间状语 in 1911 可知，found 动作早已完成，可排除表将来动作的 D项 to be founded，故用过去分词 founded 表示被动和完成，C 项正确。此题中过去分词短语 founded in 1911 作后置定语，相当于非限制性定语从句 which was founded in 1911。(考查单元语法)4_the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. (2010上海，35)AApproaching BApproachedCTo approach DTo be approached答案 A解析 本题考查非谓语动词。考查现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。(教材原句：Tony approached Julia，touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek！)5People have always been_about exactly how life on earth began.(2010天津，5)Acurious Bexcited Canxious Dcareful答案 A解析 句意为：人们对于地球上人类的起源问题一直充满好奇。be curious about 对感到好奇，符合题意。be excited about 因而激动；be anxious about 为而忧虑；be careful about 当心。(教材原句：I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.).完形、阅读英译汉1 Burts Beess thenCEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach.(2012江苏任务型阅读)Burts_Beess_那时的首席执行官 John_Wolfgang 采用了不同的方法。2As young as I was，that statement kept ringing in my ears. (2011天津完形)尽管我当时那么年轻，那句话却一直萦绕在我耳边。2 When it was first staged in 1949，the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews.(2011山东阅读 A)1949 年这部剧第一次搬上舞台便引起了热烈的响应。.书面表达汉译英1 第一幅图告诉我们要脚踏实地，小心不要被小小的成功冲昏了头脑。(represent)(2012上海书面表达)The first painting represents that we should remain grounded and be cautious of being carried away with temporary success.2随着教师节的临近，今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。(approach) (2012陕西书面表达)As Teachers Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.历年高考热点：approach，curious，statement，greet，represent 等的用法。2014 考点预测：represent，approach，major ，defend，loseface，at ease，in general，turn ones back to 等的用法。1represent双语释义 v代表(symbolize) ；表示；描绘(show)；声称( claim)学情诊断(1)完成句子He represented_himself_as_a_friend_to_the_workers,_but now we know the truth.他自称是工人们的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。Ill represent _to_him_the_risk_he_is_running.我要向他指出他所面临的险境。He represented that he _had_fought_in_the_Huai_Hai_Campaign.他自称他参加过淮海战役。She represented her_little_brother_as_a_fool.她把她的弟弟描绘成一个傻瓜。Let me represent my_ideas_to_you_in_another_way.让我用另一种方式向你说明我的想法。(2)The thirteen stars on the American flag_the thirteen colonies that announced independence.Ashow BsignCrepresent Dexplain答案 C解析 句意为：美国国旗上的十三颗星代表十三个宣布独立的州。represent 代表，符合题意。归纳拓展represent sb./sth. as/to be.宣称某人为；把某事叙述为represent sth. to sb.向某人说明 /传达某事representative adj.典型的，有代表性的；n.代表be representative ofbe typical of是的代表，是中典型的stand for 代表；象征on behalf of sb.on sb.s behalf 代表某人；为了某人；代替某人2approach双语释义 vt. & vi.靠近，接近( draw near)；走近；接洽； n.方法(means) ；接近；通道；路径(path，road )；接洽；建议学情诊断(1)用适当的介、副词填空Did she approach you about/on the matter?At the approach of_ the cinema，I stopped and waited for my friend.I like his approach to the problem.(2)At the meeting they discussed three different_to the study of mathematics.Aapproaches BmeansCmethods Dways答案 A解析 句意为：在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的数学学习方法。approach 后常与 to 连用；means 构成 by means of 短语；method 构成 with the method of 短语；way 常构成 in a/this/that way 短语。归纳拓展approach sb. on/about sth.与某人接洽、商量某事at the approach of 在快到的时候make an approach to 向提出建议approach to. 的方法；接近approachable adj.可接近的；能达到的；和蔼可亲的思考 你知道表示“的方法”的搭配有哪些？in_this/that_way 用这种/ 那种方法；the_way_to _do/of_doing_sth.做某事的方法；with_a_method 用一种方法； the_method_of_doing_sth.做某事的方法；by_means _of 通过方法；the_means_of_doing _sth.做某事的方法。易混辨析 method，way，approach，meansmethod 表示一套科学的、系统的方法，而且强调效率和准确性。其前常与介词 with 搭配。way 指单一技巧或整套操作过程。普通用语，其前常与介词 in 搭配。approach 是学习或研究问题的方法，其后常与 to 搭配。means 手段，方法，工具。其前常与介词 by 搭配。一言辨异用 method，way，approach，means 填空If he changes his (1)way of thinking, his teaching (2)method will present a new (3)approach to foreign language teaching and by this (4)means the students will make great progress.写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵aWe make good use of it only when we have an appropriate approach to the Internet.bOn seeing him approach, I immediately turned my face to a shop.3major双语释义 adj.较大的(large)；主要的(important)；n.少校；专业；主修科目( the main subject or course)；v.主修，专攻(study.as your main subject)学情诊断(1)句型转换 When in university，he majored in English.When in university，his major was English.(2)This treatment is not available in_of hospitals.Amost BmajorityCthe most Dthe majority答案 D解析 句意为：大多数医院不采用这种治疗方法。the majority of hospitals most of the hospitals。归纳拓展major in 主修in a/the majority 占大多数have a majority over sb.战胜某人by/with a majority of 以大多数赢得易错提示(1)major 没有比较级和最高级形式。(2)the majority 作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。图解助记4defend双语释义 vt.防御；保护，保卫 (protect)；辩解；辩白；(为)辩护(to say or write in support of)学情诊断(1)用 defend 的适当形式填空We should defend our country against enemies.Humour is a more effective defence than violence.The newspaper defended her against the accusations(控告) (2)Put on a pair of glasses and it will_you from the sun.Adefend BpromiseCguard Dprotect答案 D解析 句意为：戴上一副眼镜，它会保护你的眼睛不受太阳的照射。protect 指采取预防措施“保护” ，符合语境。defend 强调抵抗，防御；promise 答应，许诺；guard 警卫，保卫，强调警惕性。归纳拓展defend.from/against.保护免受伤害；保卫defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩解defence n.防御；保卫；防护；辩护in defence of 保卫；为辩护易混辨析 defend，guard ，protectdefend，guard，protect 都含有“保护”之意。defend 指“保卫，防御” ，应用范围很广，对象可以是具体的，也可以是抽象的。guard 指 “保卫，守卫” ，指注意观察、戒备，以免出现可能的攻击或伤害。protect 指“保护” ，以免遭受危险或伤害等。活学活用用 defend，guard ，protect 的适当形式填空(1)The dog was guarding its owners luggage.(2)Each company is fighting to protect its own commercial interests.(3)Troops have been sent to defend the borders.5lose face双语释义丢脸(be less respected or look stupid)学情诊断(1)用适当的介、副词填空She showed great courage in the face of danger.That was the first time Id ever come face to face with Chairman Mao.You shouldnt have said that to her face.It looks, on the face of it，like a minor change in the regulations.(2)In order not to _，he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of the next day.Alose courage Blose heartClose face Dlose voice答案 C归纳拓展save face 保全面子face to face with sb./sth.面对面地in the face of 面对问题、困难或危险等 to ones face 当着某人的面on the face of it 从表面上看；乍看起来be faced with 面临、面对难题6at ease双语释义舒适；快活；自由自在(relaxed ；not nervous or embarrassed )学情诊断(1)用适当的介、副词填空I never feel completely at with him.Im sure I can pass the exam with ease.A smile is a sign that you are happy，which helps put people at ease.(2)He sat back on the chair，listening to the MP5 and_.Alooking at ease Blooked at easeCbeing looked at ease Dto look at ease答案 A解析 looking at ease 看起来很自在，与 listening to the MP5 并列，在句中作状语，所以用现在分词。归纳拓展with ease 容易地；无困难地put sb.at sb.s ease 使舒适；使自在7in general双语释义总的来说；通常；一般(大体) 来说(as a whole；usually)学情诊断(1)同义词语替换In_general，German cars are very reliable and breakdowns are rare.Generally_speakingJonathan says he generally gets in to work by 800.usually(2)_，about 10% of the candidates are eventually offered positions.AIn a word BIn generalCIn time DIn total答案 B解析 句意为：一般来说，大约 10%的求职者最终得到了职位。in general 一般来说；通常，符合句意。in a word 总之；in time 及时；in total 总计，合计。归纳拓展generally 一般地；大体上；普遍地；通常generally speaking 一般来说,in short/brief/sum 简而言之，总之on the whole 总的来说in conclusion 总而言之all in all 总的来说8turn ones back to双语释义背对；背弃(reject)学情诊断(1)完成句子He went over to say hello to her，but she turned_her_back_to him.他走过去向她问候，但是她不理睬他。I take_back_what_I _just_said.我收回刚说的话。(2)You can borrow my car if you promise to _ it _ tomorrow.Aturn；back Bbring；backCget ；back Dreturn ；back答案 B解析 句意为：如果你答应明天归还，你能借我的车。bring.back 归还。归纳拓展turn back 往回走；折回get back 恢复；取回fight back 还击；还手take back 收回bring back 归还look back 回头看1. However，people from places like Spain， Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.然而来自西班牙、意大利或者南美国家的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且更可能接触对方。句 型 公 式 ：be likely to do学情诊断(1)完成句子The harder you work，the _more_likely you are to succeed.你工作越努力，你就越可能成功。It_is_likely _that he will drop out of school.很有可能他会中途退学。(2)Who is_to go traveling with us?Apossible BlikelyCmaybe Dperhaps答案 B解析 likely 可以用人作主语，且符合句意。归纳拓展1英语中表示“非常可能” ，可用 probable，possible 或 likely。likely 既是形容词也是副词。2probable 只能用在 It is probable that.的句型中， 而不能说 Sb. be probable to do sth.； likely 既可用在 It is likely that.，也可用在 Sb. be likely to do sth.的句型中。3possible 的可能性小于 probable。possible 同样也只能用于 It is possiblefor sb. to do sth.的句型中。写作句组 满分作文之佳句背诵aIt s probable that our own way to do things is the better one.(2009北京)bTo make matters even worse，it might also have a bad influence on our health.(2009江苏)cStudents should listen more to their classmates，thus they will help and learn from each other， and a friendship is likely to be formed.2She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in defence.她向后退着，看上去很吃惊，举起双手好像在防御。句 型 公 式 ：as if从 句学情诊断(1)He cleared his throat，as _if_to_speak.他清了清嗓子，好像要说话。(2)单项填空He has just arrived, but he talks as if he_all about that.Aknow BknowsCknown Dknew答案 D解析 此处 as if 引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故用一般过去时。The man opened his eyes and moved his lips as if_that he had something to tell the doctor.Asaying Bhaving saidCto say Dto have said答案 C解析 as if 后省略掉了 he was。归纳拓展1as if 可引导状语从句也可用在 look， seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。2as if 还可用于省略句中。如果 as if 引导的从句是“主语系动词 ”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样 as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词 短语、介词短语或分词。 3as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。 4as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。3单 元 语 法 ：v.ing作 定 语 和 状 语学情诊断用ing 形式改写下列句子(1)The man who is speaking to the teacher is his father.The man speaking_to the teacher is his father.(2)In the years that followed，he worked even harder.In the following years，he worked even harder.(3)While he was waiting for the bus，he read a copy of China Daily.While_waiting_for _the_bus，he read a copy of China Daily.(4)Her mother died in 1990，and left her with her younger brother.Her mother died in 1990，leaving_her with her younger brother.(5)If you use your head，you will find a way.Using_your_head，you will find a way.根据英文释义写出下列单词1dash：to run or travel somewhere in a great hurry2association：group of people organized for a special purpose3cheek ：either side of the face below the eye4flight：the act of flying，especially scheduled on a plane5hug：to put your arms around sb. and hold them tightly.语境填词represent，easy，function，approach，defend1The protesters represented only a small section of public opinion.2You have a right to defend yourself if you are being attacked.3The College Entrance Examinations are approaching.Lets be ready for it.4Nurses do all they can to make patients feel at ease.5I couldn t ring you because the phone wasnt functioning.词义猜测或句意理解题用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分1I was crossing the street when I saw a truck coming_closer with great speed.approaching2Dark clouds are gathering.It may rain soon.is_likely_to3He put his hands over his head to_protect_his_head.in_defence4While she_was_cleaning her room, she received an unexpected call.cleaning5I went up to say_“hello”_to him, but he ignored me.greet.微写作(19)写作素材1一般说来，不同文化的人们有着不同的打招呼的方式。2有的拥抱，有的握手。3有时有可能引起误会。4当我们身处异国，我们要记得我们代表着自己的国家，不要给国家丢脸。5在国内时，要尽可能让异国他乡的人感觉舒适。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇 50 词左右的英语短文)In general, people from different cultures have different ways to greet each other.Some hug and some shake hands.They are likely to have misunderstanding.So when abroad, we should know we are rep