2013届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(36-40)《附详析》

2013 届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解（36-40 ） 附详析 (第 36 篇) Runners in a relay(接力)race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road. The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B. C. to about A. D. 1300, when sea travel offered new routes (路线). It was sometimes called the worlds longest highway. However， the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe. The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia.Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods.Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome.The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁 接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world wide business 2000 years before the World Wide Web. The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy(外交)，and religion (宗教) 5. Its probable that traders along the Silk Road needed_. A. to remember the entire trade route B. to know the making of products C. to receive certain special training D. to deal with a lot of difficulties 解析 细节理解题。根据“The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun，deep snow and even battles.Only experienced traders could return safe.”可知 D 项正确。 答案 D 6. The Silk Road became less important because_. A. it was made up of different routes B. silk trading became less popular C. sea travel provided easier routes D. people needed fewer foreign goods 解析 细节理解题。根据“It was used from about 200B.C.，to about AD1300，when sea travel offered new routes”能找到原因是“sea travel provided easier routes”。 答案 C 7. New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people_. A. learned from one another B. shared each others beliefs C. traded goods along the route D. earned their living by traveling 解析 细节理解题。根据“The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods.They also shared their beliefs.The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy，and religion”能看出人们彼此之间能学习一些东西。 答案 A 8. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Silk Road：Past and Present B. The Silk Road: East Meets West C. The Silk Road：Routes Full of Dangers D. The Silk Road：Pathways for Learning 解析 主旨大意题。根据“The Silk Road was not a simple trading network.It passed through thousands of cities and towns.It started from eastern China，across Central Asia and the Middle East，and ended in the Mediterranean Sea.”可知 The Silk Road：East Meets West 是最佳标题。 答案 B (第 37 篇) Four people in England ，back in 1953, stared at Photo 51.It wasn t much a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick，and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out. Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “She should have been up there， ” says historian Mary Bowden.“ If her photos hadn t been there, the others couldn t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision.But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors. At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X rays at the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape. But Wilkins and Franklins relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project. What she did was produce X ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return， “ Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.” As Franklins competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.” No, Franklin was the solution.“ She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a co discoverer， ” Abir Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”， Franklin is finally coming into the light. 语篇解读 谁发现了 DNA，仅仅只有 James Watson，Francis Crick 和 Maurice Wilkins 吗？本文作者告诉我们，功劳也有 Rosalind Franklin 的一份。 1What is the text mainly about? A. The disagreements among DNA researchers. B. The unfair treatment of Franklin. C. The process of discovering DNA. D. The race between two teams of scientists. 解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，可知 Franklin 在 DNA 的发现中也做出了重要贡献， 但却由于某些原因而不为人知。由此答案选 B 项：她受到了不公正的对待。 答案 B 2Watson was angry with Franklin because she_. A. took the lead in the competition B. kept her results from him C. proved some of his findings wrong D. shared her data with other scientists 解析 逻辑推理题。从第五段前两句可知，Franklin 直言不讳地指出他们犯的错误， 这引起了 Watson 的不满。答案选 C。 答案 C 3Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA” ? A. She developed pictures in dark labs. B. She discovered the black X the shape of DNA. C. Her name was forgotten after her death. D. Her contribution was unknown to the public. 解析 逻辑推理题。从全文可知，作者认为 Franklin 的贡献被忽略掉了，她的贡献 理应得到人们的承认。所以答案选 D。 答案 D 4What is the writers attitude toward Wilkins ，Watson and Crick? A. Disapproving. B. Respectful. C. Admiring. D. Doubtful. 解析 态度推测题。从全文知，作者肯定了 Franklin 的贡献，对另外三个科学家的 行为表示“ 不满，不赞成”，所以答案选 A。 答案 A (第 38 篇) This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.” This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field? The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thingthe importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didnt write anything on the board. The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers(层次) of meaning. Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface； other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesnt happen much in undergraduate (本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文学科) Both the poetry instructors and their students learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using careful，clear definitions (定义 )when he explains a poem. He also plans to be more informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.” But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better. 5. What do we know about this unusual class? A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board. B. The teachers were invited to attend several lectures. C. The students were professors from a university. D. The students were studying science and humanities. 解析 细节理解题。根据“This was no ordinary class.The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University”可知 C 项正确。 答案 C 6. The experiment was designed to find out_. A. how to teach the students in the science class B. whether poetry is difficult for science students C. what to be taught in the humanities class D. why many humanities students find science hard 解析 细节理解题。根据“why is science difficult for many nonscience students？” 找到答案。 答案 D 7. Finding levels of meaning is_. A. important for graduate students in humanities B. difficult for graduate students in humanities C. common for undergraduate students in science D. easy for undergraduate students in science 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“And it is always important in humanities” 可知选 A 项。 答案 A 8. What did the science professors learn after the experiment? A. They should change the way they teach. B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions. C. A poetry class could be more informative. D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience. 解析 细节理解题。由“But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.”我们可知道全文的中心思想。 答案 A (第 39 篇) When I was going home to India last year, I called up my mother to ask if she wanted anything from China. When India had not opened up its markets to the world, I carried suitcase loads of dark glasses and jeans. Thankfully，we can get all these anywhere in India now. Still, her answer surprised me， “ Green tea.” As long as I can remember she didn t even drink Indian tea. I dutifully bought a big packet of Longjing and headed home to hear the story. My mother and her brother, both regular newspaper readers, believed that Chinese green tea was the wonder drug for all illnesses. At the turn of the century, China was not really familiar to the average Indian. It was a strange country. How things change! And how soon! Now every town of any size seems to have a “China Market”. And everyone is talking about China. The government of India has planned to send a team to China to see how things are done. A minister once said that India must open the doors for more foreign investment(投 资) and such a step would “work wonders as it did for China” But it_s_a_two way_street. I just heard about a thousand Shenzhen office workers who have gone to Bangalore to train in software. Meanwhile, all the Indian IT majors are setting up a strong presence in China. No wonder that trade, which was only in the millions just ten years ago, was expected to hit about US $15 billion for last year and US $20 billion by 2008, a goal set by both governments. No wonder, my colleague wrote some weeks ago about this being the Sino Indian (中印)century as the two countries started on January 1 the Sino Indian Friendship Year. But what is still a wonder to me is my mother drinking Chinese tea. 语篇解读 文章主要讲述了一个印度人对中国的印象：中国的发展令他惊讶不已。 另外，中国和印度相互合作，实现了双赢。 1Why did the mother ask for Chinese green tea? A. She was tired of Indian tea. B. She had a son working in China. C. She believed it had a curing effect. D. She was fond of Chinese products. 解析 根据第五段最后一句话可知答案。 答案 C 2What does the author mean by “it s a two way street” in Paragraph 10? A. China and India have different traffic rules. B. Tea trade works wonders in both India and China. C. Chinese products are popular in both China and India. D. The exchanges between India and China benefit both. 解析 结合上下文可知，这句话的意思是“中国和印度互惠互利，共同发展”。 答案 D 3What do we know about the Indian IT industry? A. It will move its head office to Shenzhen. B. It is seeking further development in China. C. It has attracted an investment of US $15 billion. D. It caught up with the US IT industry in 2008. 解析 由第十段可知，B 项正确。 答案 B 4In the text the author expresses_. A. his concern for his mother s health B. his support for drinking Chinese green tea C. his surprise at China s recent development D. his wonder at the growth of India s IT industry 解析 综观全文可知，作者对中国的发展变化惊讶不已。因此 C 项正确。 答案 C (第 40 篇) People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, youre wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here，people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet. How do people climb the wall? To climb，you need special shoes and a harness (保 护带) around your chest to hold you.There are ropes(绳索)tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you dont fall.A beginners wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes its easy to see the next piece of metal. Sometimes, its not. The most difficult part is to control your fear.Its normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so its difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away fro