2016-2017学年高中英语 unit 4 astronomy the science of the stars新人教版必修3_1

1 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Section Warming Up & ReadingLanguage Points .单句语法填空 1She is_(like) her mother；she is tall and her mother is very short. 答案： unlike 2It is generally accepted that smoking is_(harm) to our health. 答案： harmful 3Some_(violence )scenes in the film were cut when it was shown on television. 答案： violent 4The_expression on his face suggested that he was not able to work out the_problem.(puzzle) 答案： puzzled；puzzling 5We should try to prevent the rare animals from_(hunt) 答案： being hunted 6It is the third time that the president_ (come) to China for a visit. 答案： has come 7_makes the things worse is that he has lost his patience. 答案： What 8The new law makes_possible for us to get more chances in the country. 答案： it 9In summer the house will be too hot for the old man_(live) in. 答案： to live 10Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from_(pollute) 答案： being polluted .阅读理解 2 Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical (数学) problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems. However，Halley had a friend named Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (椭圆) Now Halley set to work.He figured out (解决；计算出 ) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart. This seemed very strange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets，as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again. It was an astonishing idea！Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction (预言) of what comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it，for he has died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halleys comet，in his honor. 语篇解读 本文主要介绍了天文学家哈雷和他的重大发现。并介绍了彗星以哈雷为名 的由来。 1Halley made his discovery_. Aby doing experiments Bby means of his own careful observation Cby using the work of other scientists Dby chance 解析： 细节理解题。由文中第三段“He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.”可知应选 C。 3 答案： C 2Halley made a surprising，but correct prediction in the year_. A1704 B1705 C1706 D1707 解析： 数字计算题。第五段中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是 1758 年，而这个预言还要经过 53 年 才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是 1705 年。 答案： B 3This passage in general is about_. AHalley and other scientists Bthe orbit of a comet CNewton and Halley DHalley and his discovery 解析： 主旨大意题。文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现。 答案： D 4Which of the following is TRUE? AEdmund Halley was an American scientist. BHalley made his discovery by doing experiments. CNewton was a famous mathematician. DThe orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle. 解析： 推理判断题。从文章首句可以看出 A 项错误；从第 1 题的分析中可知 B 项也 错误；牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除 D。 答案： C .完形填空 It surprised meevery time I saw Joe，he was smiling.It didn t_1_whether he had to stop at a stop light，or if he were the seventh person in_2_at the bank，and the service stopped just before he got there.Joe_3_smiled.It made me wonder why he seemed so_4_every day. Having observed Joe with other people，I_5_something else also.Joe asked people how they were doing，and really seemed to listen to their_6_.If 4 someone was hurt，he had_7_and kind words for him and offered to_8_in any way he could. It made me think.What if I tried to smile more？A(n)_9_began when I went to the grocery store.I smiled as I went up and down the aisles.and people I didnt even_10_smiled back at me.Some even_11_！A little kid in the cart (购物车) who was giving his mother a_12_time saw me smile and_13_talking.and，you guessed it.He made a shy little attempt at a smile.The man in the handicapped (残疾的) cart_14_ a person to reach something.I could get that for him.The smile even transferred over to him，and he_15_me. As I drove home，I was smiling.I _16_what I had just learned，and when someone passed me and gave me a(n)_17_，I smiled at him.He looked puzzled. Now I know a smile is a small thing，but what if we were all to try to smile a few more times each day？I couldnt believe how_18_I felt.Nothing in my life had changed，_19 _maybe it had.For what I learned was that such a small thing could_20_not only my spirits，but those around me as well. 语篇解读 作者发现 Joe 总是微笑面对一切，自己也决定尝试着多对人微笑，而后惊 讶地发现微笑虽然是一件很小的事情，但是能够鼓舞自己和周围的人。 1A.work Bhappen Cmatter Dlast 解析： 词语辨析题。根据首句可知，即使发生对他不利的情况他也感觉无关紧要。 work 工作；happen 发生，碰巧；matter 重要；last 持续，选 C。 答案： C 2A.order Bdebt Chand Dline 解析： 习语搭配题。在银行办理业务一般要排队(in line)等候。order 命令；debt 债务；hand 手；line 线，队列，选 D。 答案： D 3A.always Bfinally Cimmediately Dstill 解析： 背景常识题。文章开头谈到每次看到 Joe 的时候他都在微笑着，下文也有提 示“.why he seemed so_every day.”所以此处填 always。Joe 总是微笑着。 always 总是；finally 最后；immediately 马上；still 仍然，选 A。 答案： A 5 4A.naughty Bhappy Cactive Dhumorous 解析： 词语辨析题。微笑说明心情愉快，因此此处填 happy。naughty 淘气的； happy 快乐的；active 活跃的；humorous 幽默的，选 B。 答案： B 5A.decided Bjudged Cnoticed Dconsidered 解析： 词语辨析题。根据下句的描述可知，通过观察 Joe 与他人交往，作者注意到 了一些其他的事情。decide 决定；judge 判断；notice 注意到；consider 考虑，选 C。 答案： C 6A.answers Btheories Cexcuses Dchains 解析： 逻辑推理题。answer 与前面的 ask 对应。问别人问题，且倾听他人的回答。 answer 回答；theory 理论；excuse 借口；chain 链子，链锁，选 A。 答案： A 7A.guidance Brespect Cpity Dprotection 解析： 习语搭配题。根据“If someone was hurt.”和 kind words 可知，他应是 同情受到伤害的人。have pity for.对同情。guidance 指引；respect 尊重；pity 同情；protection 保护，选 C。 答案： C 8A.perform Battempt Cbother Dhelp 解析： 逻辑推理题。Joe 是一个有同情心的人，在别人受到伤害时总是帮助别人。 perform 表演；attempt 尝试；bother 打扰；help 帮助，选 D。 答案： D 9A.experiment Blife Cproject Dprogram 解析： 背景常识题。此处的 experiment 和前面的 tried 相呼应。作者准备尝试着多 微笑。experiment 实验；life 生活；project 工程；program 项目，选 A。 答案： A 10A.meet Btouch Cknow Dcontact 解析： 逻辑推理题。根据上文“.I went to the grocery store.”可知，商店中 6 的很多人应是彼此不认识的。meet 见面；touch 触摸；know 知道；contact 联系，选 C。 答案： C 11A.glared Bgreeted Cprevented Descaped 解析： 逻辑推理题。当“我”向不认识的人微笑时，有些人不但还以微笑，甚至和 “我”打招呼。glare 怒视；greet 问候；prevent 阻止；escape 逃跑，选 B。 答案： B 12A.spare Blong Chard Dgreat 解析： 逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知，作者举了一个孩子的例子。又根据下文“He made a shy little attempt at a smile.”可知，他应是正在为难母亲。因此 hard 符合 语境。spare 空闲的，多余的；long 长的；hard 困难的；great 伟大的，选 C。 答案： C 13A.stopped Btried Ckept Denjoyed 解析： 逻辑推理题。根据下文“He made a shy little attempt at a smile.”可 知，小孩应是停止纠缠母亲。 答案： A 14A.persuaded Baccepted Csupported Dneeded 解析： 逻辑推理题。轮椅上的残疾人一般是需要别人帮忙拿东西，所以此处填 needed；persuade 说服；accept 接受；support 支持；need 需要，选 D。 答案： D 15A.thanked Bchanged Cencouraged Dinvited 解析： 词语辨析题。根据上文“I could get that for him.”可知，他对作者表 示感谢。 答案： A 16A.worried about Bthought about Ctalked over Dlooked over 解析： 习语搭配题。经过一番试验后作者在回家的路上开始回忆自己的收获。think about 考虑，符合语境。 答案： B 17A.gesture Baddress 7 Ccall Dticket 解析： 背景常识题。根据常识可知，遇到人应是相互打招呼，gesture 符合语境。 gesture 示意，姿势；address 地址；call 电话；ticket 票，选 A。 答案： A 18A.normal Bgreat Creasonable Dfundamental 解析： 词语辨析题。根据上一段的描述可知，通过这次试验作者感到非常愉快，感 觉很好。normal 正常的；great 伟大的， 好的； reasonable 合理的；fundamental 基本 的，选 B。 答案： B 19A.so Bfor Cbut Dtill 解析： 逻辑推理题。由空格前“在我的生活中什么也没有发生改变”和空格后“也 许改变了什么”可知，前后构成转折关系，故选 but。so 因此；for 因为；but 但是；till 直到，选 C。 答案： C 20A.realize Badmire Cshow Dlift 解析： 逻辑推理题。微笑虽然是一件很小的事情，但是能够鼓舞自己和周围的人。 realize 意识到；admire 钦佩；show 展示；lift 提升，鼓舞，选 D。 答案： D .短文改错 Last week，I went out with my family for the meal in a restaurant.The food is not very good though.For my first course，I chose a dish calling “Coo