2017高考英语二轮复习 专题4 语法填空

1 专题四 语法填空 新高考命题分析 命题规律 备考建议 作为浙江新高考的语法填 空，命题要求如下：在一 篇 200 词左右的语言材料 中留出 10 个空白，部分 空白的后面给出单词的基 本形式，要求学生根据上 下文在空白处填入适当的 内容(1 个单词)或括号内 单词的正确形式。 另外，该材料的呈现形式 比较灵活，可能是语篇式， 也可能是对活式。 1.积累基础词汇，掌握常用的短语 对于常用的、易错的词要多下功夫记忆，如动词过去式、过 去分词的不规则变化，构词法中常见的词缀等，都要熟记在 心。 2系统掌握语法知识，了解语法功能 学生要了解各项语法功能，要能够准确分析句子结构和句子 成分。关于句法，学生要准确判断从句的类型，并熟练掌握 各种引导词的用法。 3强化语篇意识，提高理解能力 平时可以选择一些难度中等的文章进行精读，研究文章的写 作思路、结构特点等。与此同时，及时总结经验，提高在语 篇情境下的解题能力，从而提高解题准确率，取得理想的成 绩。 模式 1| 有提示词 词汇派生 考查加前缀或后缀构成的派生词 名词、代词 的数、格及 反身代词 名词主要考查单数变为复数，代词主要考查人称代词 变为物主代词。另外，还需关注反身代词。词形转换 比较等级 主要考查形容词、副词变为比较级和最高级。 动词的时态 和语态 考查动词的时态、语态、语气和主谓一致等。 动词 非谓语动词 考查动词的ing 形式、ed 形式和不定式形式。 1(2016全国乙卷) But for tourists like me，pandas are its top 2 (attract) attraction 考查派生词。表示最具吸引力的地方，应用名词形式。 2(2016全国乙卷)The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. officially 考查派生词。修饰谓语部分应用副词形式。 3. (2016全国甲卷)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of (great) and less importance. greater 考查比较等级。本空所填之词与 less 是并列关系，应用比较级的形式。 4. (2016全国丙卷)Truly elegant chopsticks might (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. be made 考查情态动词之后的被动语态。chopsticks 与 make 为动宾关系，应用被 动语态，其构成形式为“情态动词be过去分词” 。 5(2016全国甲卷)Recent (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks (regular) studies；regularly 考查名词的数与派生词。本句的谓语动词是 show，因此第一 空的主语是名词复数 studies；第二空应用副词 regularly 作状语，修饰动词短语 take short breaks。 6. (2016全国甲卷)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable. is 考查主谓一致。本句的主语是动名词短语 Leaving the less important things until tomorrow，是单数，故谓语动词用 is。 7. (2016全国甲卷)If you find something you love doing outside of the office，youll be less likely (bring) your work home. to bring 考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“可能做某事” ，故答案为 to bring。 8. (2015全国卷) It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. arrived 考查时态。由主句中的 was raining 可知，这里使用一般过去时。 9(2016浙江高考改编)To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study (conduct) in Australia in 2012. conducted 考查过去分词(短语)作定语。a study 与 conduct 之间是被动关系，故 用过去分词短语作后置定语。 10(2016浙江高考改编)A sudden stop can be a very frightening 3 experience， (especial) if you are travelling at high speed. especially 考查副词。修饰句子应用副词形式。 11(2016哈尔滨第一中学二模)Yoga does help people become (health) healthy 考查派生词。系动词 become 之后表示“变得怎样” ，应用形容词作表 语，故填 healthy。 12. (2016西工大附中第七次适应性训练)She took me from a poor，unhappy college student and (bring) me into her world，a world of smiles，love and (warm) brought；warmth 考查动词时态和派生词。第一空所填之词与 took 为并列关系，应 用过去式 brought；第二空与 smiles 和 love 为并列关系，故填名词 warmth。 13. (2016山东师大附中模拟 )The developers say (it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve realworld problems. its 考查代词的格。代词修饰其后的名词 learning ability 应用所有格，故填 its。 14. (2016威海市二模)At nineteen，he decided to devote (he) to music. himself 考查反身代词。devote oneself to 为固定搭配，意为“致力于” ，故 空格内应填反身代词，与 he 相对应的是 himself。 15(2016银川九中二模)He walked in as if he (buy) the school. had bought 考查虚拟语气。as if 引导的状语从句中，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟 语气动词用过去完成时。 16(2016威海市二模)But that didnt prevent the boy from becoming one of the (great ) composers of all time. greatest 考查比较等级。表示“最之一”应用最高级，故用 greatest。 17(2016广东省揭阳市二模)Expectedly，Jim (inform) that he got the job eventually. was informed 考查语态。Jim 与 inform 为动宾关系，再根据 got 可知，应用一般 过去时的被动语态，故用 was informed。 18. (2016山东师大附中二模)Do not carry too much money or (necessary) credit cards. unnecessary 考查派生词。空格处应表示否定，意为“不必要的” ，故用 unnecessary。 19. (2016咸阳市模拟)Before she could express her thanks to us my daughter 4 gave her the food we (buy) for the trip. had bought 考查时态。buy 所表示的动作应在 gave 所表示的动作之前，为“过去 的过去” ，故用过去完成时。 20. (2016南昌市十所省重点中学二模)The sightseeing options are (end)， but most travelers begin on the harbor at the Sydney Opera House. endless 考查派生词。空格内所填之词作表语意为“相当多的，无休止的” ，故用形 容词 endless。 技法 1 若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与其是并列 关系时，所填动词就是谓语动词，这时就要考虑时态和语态。 This coastal area was named (name) a national wildlife reserve last year. She was phoning (phone) someone，so I nodded to her and went away. 技法 2 若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填动词通常是非谓语动词，这 时就要确定是动词的ing 形式，ed 形式，还是不定式形式。 (1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。 To complete (complete) the project as planned，well have to work two more hours a day. (2)作伴随状语一般用动词的ing 形式。 When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep. (3)非谓语动词作后置定语时，表示被动的、已完成的动作用过去分词；表示被动的、 正在进行的动作用 being done；表示被动的、尚未进行的动作用 to be done。 The bridge built (build) in 2012 was designed by a local company. The bridge being built (build) now was designed by a local company. The bridge to be built (build) next year was designed by a local company. 技法 3 当空格后所给的提示词是名词，且作主语或宾语时，通常考查该名词的复数形 式。 For most of us the changes (change)are gradual. We have a variety of emotions (emotion) like sadness，anger，fear，enthusiasm and happiness. 技法 4 当空格后所给的提示词是动词，并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考 查该动词所派生出的名词。 5 Once you reach that point in life，happiness and satisfaction (satisfy) cant be too far away. These people have made great contributions (contribute) to China with their work. 技法 5 当空格后所给的提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形 容词所派生出的副词。 He was unhappy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant angril