2012_年全国高考英语试题__完形填空

（精校 word 版有答案或解析） 2012 年全国高考英语试题分类汇编之完形填空 1.【2012 全国新课标 】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A、B 、 C 和 D 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that its actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触 ) even with friends, certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries， 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, its possible that in 46 ， it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 _. Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, theres a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。作者认为身势语比言辞更有效，而身势语却常常被人们忽视。在进行跨文化交 流过程中，身势语尤为重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例进行了阐述。最后作者指出：不管什么情 况，最好的建议是：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。 （你想别人怎么对待你，你就怎样对待别人。 ） 36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further 【答案】B 2 【解析】身势语比语言表达的意思更响亮，更清楚。此处 louder 意为：声音更大，即更有说服力。谚语 Action speaks louder than words.（事实胜于雄辩。 ） 37. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages 【答案】D 【解析】据专家称：我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。此处 sound 声音；invitation 邀请； feeling 感觉； message 信息。 38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean 【答案】D 【解析】实际上，非语言交际占据了约 50%我们真正想表达的意思。此处 hope 希望；receive 接收；discover 发现；mean 表达意思。 39. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult 【答案】C 【解析】当我们进行跨文化交流时，身势语显得尤为重要。此处 immediate 立刻； misleading 误导的； important 重要的；difficult 困难的。 40. A. well B. far C. much D. long 【答案】C 【解析】身势语是被我们事实上常常忽视的很大的一部分。 41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short 【答案】A 【解析】文章以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例，说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同的。 42. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings 【答案】B 【解析】不同的社会群体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。此处 trade 交易； distance 距离； connection 联系；greeting 问候。 43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone 【答案】C 3 【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处 eye 眼睛，眼神； verbal 言辞的； bodily 身体的； telephone 电话。 44. A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies 【答案】A 【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处 strangers 陌生人； relatives 亲戚； neighbours 邻居；enemies 敌人。 45. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means 【答案】B 【解析】此处 on the other hand 意为：然而，在另一方面。然而，拉丁美洲国家的人们相互接触的就很 多。 46. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment 【答案】B 【解析】在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人满屋子转是可能的。此处 trouble 麻烦；conversation 对话； silence 沉默；experiment 实验。 47. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following 【答案】D 【解析】在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人满屋子转（following）是可能的。此处 follow 意为：跟着. . . 走。 48. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away 【答案】A 【解析】拉丁人保持靠近些表示友谊。 49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out 【答案】C 【解析】挪威人将不断的后退。此处 step forward 前进； go on 继续；back away 后退；come out 出来。 50. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness 4 【答案】D 【解析】拉丁人反过来认为他们很冷淡。此处 weakness 虚弱； carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友谊； coldness 冷淡。 51. A. talk B. travel C. laugh D. think 【答案】A 【解析】很显然，当人们谈话时，许多东西都在进行。 52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich 【答案】A 【解析】当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，误解的可能性就会很大。 53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness 【答案】C 【解析】当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，误解的可能性就会很大。 54. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice 【答案】D 【解析】不管什么样的情景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。 55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased 【答案】B 【解析】不管什么样的情景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。 （你 想别人怎样对待你，你就怎样对待别人。 ） 2.【2012 全国 II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Around twenty years ago I was living in York. 21 I had a lot of experience and a Masters degree, I could not find 22 work. I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had 25 five interviews (面试) with a company and 5 one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job. “Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought painfully. As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earring 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”. At first I got angry. Then it 31 me I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to 35 more things to the list. That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 . She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes. My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文章。文章讲述了我 20 年前在纽约经历的一段艰难生活。起初，我虽然有经验 和硕士学位，但还是找不到满意的工作。一个小女孩给我的一个耳环改变了我的生活。从此以后，我列 了一个感到满意的 50 件事情清单，并决定不断添加。后来我终于找到了一份高薪的工作。我知道正是因 为我改变了我的思维方式才改变了我的生活。 21. A. As B. Though C. If D. When 【答案】B 【解析】尽管我有许多经验和硕士学位，但还是不能找到满意的工作。 22. A. successful B. extra C. satisfying D. convenient 【答案】C 【解析】此处 successful 成功的； extra 额外的；satisfying 令人满意的；convenient 方便的。尽管 我有许多经验和硕士学位，但还是不能找到满意的工作。 23. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D. designing 【答案】A 【解析】我开校车来维持生活并且和我的一 个朋友住在一起，因为我没了套房。 6 24. A. working B. travelling C. discussing D. living 【答案】D 【解析】我开校车来维持生活并且和我的一个朋友住在一起，因为我没了套房。 25. A. prepared for B. attended C. asked for D. held 【答案】C 【解析】此处 attend the interview 意为：参加面试。我参加了一家公司的五次面试，但他们说，我 不能获得这项工作。 26. A. lose B. like C. find D. get 【答案】D 【解析】此处 get the job 意为：得到工作。我参加了一家公司的五次面试，但他们说，我不能获得 这项工作。 27. A. hard B. busy C. serious D. short 【答案】A 【解析】此处 hard 艰难的； busy 忙的；serious 认真的，严重的； short 短的。 为什么我的生活如此艰难呢？ 28. A. wave at B. drop off C. call on D. look for 【答案】B 【解析】此处 wave at 向. . .挥手；drop off 让某人下车； call on 号召； look for 寻找。当我把车开 到路边让那个小女孩下车的时候，小女孩递给了我一个耳环。 29. A. ordering B. promising C. saying D. showing 【答案】C 【解析】此处 saying 作伴随状语，她在递给我耳环的同时说，我应该保存它以免有人认领。 30. A. in case B. or else C. as if D. now that 【答案】A 【解析】此处 in case 以免，以防； or else 否则；as if 好像；now that 既然。小女孩在递给我耳环 的同时说，我应该保存它以免有人认领。 7 31. A. hurt B. hit C. caught D. moved 【答案】B 【解析】此处 hurt 伤害；hit 撞击，伤害；catch 抓住； move 感动。生活使我受到了打击。 32. A. feelings B. attention C. strength D. interests 【答案】C 【解析】此处 feelings 感觉； attention 注意力；strength 力量，力气；interests 兴趣。 我把一切注意力都集中在了生活的不顺上而没有关注好的方面。 33. A. opinions B. education C. experiences D. life 【答案】C 【解析】此处 opinions 意见；education 教育；experiences 经历；life 生活。我把一切注意力都集 中在了生活的不顺上而没有关注好的方面。 34. A. list B. book C. check D. copy 【答案】A 【解析】此处 list 清单； book 书； check 支票；copy 拷贝，本。我决定做一个我感到满意的 50 件事的清单。 35. A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add 【答案】D 【解析】此处 connect 联系；turn 转向；变为；keep 保持； add 添加。后来我决定向清单中添加 更多的事情。 36. A. her B. a passenger C. me D. my friend 【答案】C 【解析】此处 a phone call for me 意为：我的一个电话。那天晚上一位女士给我打了一个电话。 37. A. hospital B. factory C. restaurant D. hotel 【答案】C 【解析】根据后文：给 200 医疗工作者（200 medical workers）做报告，可知地点在医院。 【考点定位】考查名词词义及逻辑推理。 8 38. A. listen to B. review C. give D. talk about 【答案】C 【解析】此处 give a one-day lecture 意为：做一天的报告。她问我是否可以做一天的报告。 39. A. plan B. choice C. day D. tour 【答案】C 【解析】此处 plan 计划；choice 选择； day 白天；tour 旅行。我那天进展得很顺利，后来我得到 了一份高薪的工作。 40. A. operation B. speaking C. employment D. thinking 【答案】D 【解析】此处 operation 操作； speaking 讲话；employment 雇佣；thinking 思想。对于这一天， 我知道正是因为我改变了我的思维方式才改变了我的生活。 3.【2012 陕西卷 】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的 A、B、C 、D 四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods _26_ she realized that she was lost. Sitting on a rock and _27_ what to do, she began crying. After a while. She_28_ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. _29_ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and _30_ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the _31_. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a _32_. The girls parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy _33_ that his mistrees（女 主人）was in danger. He jumped _34_ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldnt find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a _35_ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He _36_ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking _37_ into the air, the dog _38_ through the woods until he found the _39_ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his _40_ , he saw his mistress blue shirt in the distance. He 9 _41_ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was _42_. When she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you 44 me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 45 . That night Laddy had a herors supper: a huge meal of steak 26. A. before B. since C. while D. as 27. A. wondering B. forgetting C. remembering D. regretting 28. A. preferred B. expected C. failed D. decided 29. A. When B. Until C. If D. Because 30. A. carelessly B. cautiously C. hopelessly D. unwillingly 31. A. trees B. bushes C. woods D. grasses 32. A. stream B. rock C. tree D. house 33. A. found B. sensed C. heard D. smelt 34. A. at B. through C. in D. onto 35. A. terrible B. strange C. pleasant D. familiar 36. A. missed B. discovered C. followed D. ignored 37. A. calmly B. loudly C. merrily D. gently 38. A. searched B. wandered C. looked D. travelled 39. A.window B. girl C. house D. hero 40. A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. embarrassment D. delight 41. A. jumped B. climbed C. walked D. flew 42. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep 43. A. spotted B. watched C. observed D. saw 44. A. disturbed B. comforted C. rescued D. scared 45. A. pain B. shock C. sorrow D.relief 【要点综述】一个阳关明媚的下午，一位小姑娘来到树林里散步，走着走着她迷路了，途中她到过 一个奇怪的小屋，但被所听到的声音吓得跑了出来， 她继续向前走，直到最后，小姑娘又冷又饿，卧倒在 10 一条小溪边。这时，小姑娘的家人在到处找她，但他们不知道她的踪迹，这时，他们家的小狗 Laddy 闻 着小姑娘的气味，几经周折，最终找到了她。 1 【答案与解析 】A 考查时间状语从句。句意是：她穿过一大片草地，只是她意识到自己迷路 了，即在她意识到自己迷路之前她已经走过了一大片草地。选 A。 2 【答案与解析 】A 考查动词。 wonder 想知道；forget 忘记；remember 记得；regret 遗憾， 后悔。根据宾语 what to do 可以推断出此处选 A。 3 【 答案与解析】D 考查动词。 prefer 更喜欢；expect 期待，预料；fail 没做到，失败；decide 决定。由句意可知此处选 D。 4 【答案与解析 】A 考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是： 当的时候，选 A。 5 【答案与解析】B 考查副词。carelessly 粗心地；cautiously 小心地，谨慎地；hopelessly 无 望地；unwillingly 不愿意地。句意是：她打开门，小心地走了进去。选 B。 6 【 答案与解析】C 考查名词。根据前文中 woods 可知此处选 C。 7 【 答案与解析】A 考查名词。根据后文中的 the little stream 可知此处选 A。 8 【答案与解析】B 考查动词。句意是: Laddy 意识到女主人有危险。所填词意思是：意识到， 感觉到，选 B。 9 【 答案与解析】B 考查介词。根据 freaking the window 可以推断出所填介词意思是：穿过， 选 B。 10 【答案与解析 】D 考查形容词。句意是：然而，当它低头闻时，地面上散发出一种熟悉的气 味。选 D。 11 【答案与解析 】C 考查动词。 miss 失去；discover 发现；follow 跟随；ignore 忽略。句意是： 它跟随这种气味，穿过了草地。选 C。 12 【答案与解析 】B 考查副词。 calmly 平静地；loudly 大声地；merrily 欢乐地；gently 温柔地。 句意是：向空中大声的吠叫， 。选 B。 13 【答案与解析】A 考查动词。search 寻找；wander 徘徊；look 看，瞧；travel 旅行。由句意 可知此处选 A。 11 14 【答案与解析 】C 考查名词。根据前文的提到的名词 house 可知此处选 C。 15 【答案与解析】D 考查名词。stisfaction 满意，满足；disappointment 失望； embarrrasement 尴尬；delight 愉快，高兴。所填词构成固定短语，根据后文可知其意思是：使他高兴的 是，选 D。 16 【答案与解析 】A 考查动词。 jump 跳；climb 爬；walk 走，步行；fly 飞。根据句意选 A。 17 【答案与解析 】D 考查形容词。根据第二自然段最后一句中的 fall asleep 可知此处选 D。 18 【 答案与解析】D 考查动词。 spot 玷污； 认出，发现；watch 观看；observe 观察；see 看 见。由句意可知此处所填词意思是：看见，选 D。 19 【答案与解析 】C 考查动词。 disturb 打扰；comfort 使舒适；rescue 挽救；scare 惊吓。句意 是：Laddy ，是你救了我。选 C。 20 【答案与解析 】D 考查名词。 pain 痛；shock 震惊；sorrow 难过，悲伤；relief 解脱。句意是： 看到他们的女儿得救另外，父母激动地留下了激动的泪水，他们如释重负了。选 D。 4.【2012 四川卷 】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B 、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibsons bedroom skylight（天窗）.Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder _21_ he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly _22_ his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping. Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地 下室）, and flames 24 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt 25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,” he explains. But the phone didnt work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wall of flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）. Sibsons house was three kilometers 27 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 . 12 Up a hill nearby lived Sibsons neighbor, Huggons. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. He jumped out of bed, took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 . That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke. Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. But Huggons said, “There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 33 and die in that fire.” “Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! Im trapped!” coming from the second floor balcony（阳台） . He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 . After one more 35 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 36 around back. The wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 39 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off. Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. “ I was alone that night,” he says. “Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.” 21. A. before B. while C. since D. until 22. A. on B. in C. through D. over 23. A. hide B. wait C. check D. escape 24. A. moved B. gave C. went D. exploded 25. A. safe B. worried C. glad D. tired 26. A. burned B. stopped C. shocked D. covered 27. A. beside B. off C. across D. along 28. A. limited B. false C. fruitless D. regretful 29. A. struck B. missed C. touched D. passed 30. A. coat B. key C. basin D. phone 31. A. noise B. road C. smoke D. danger 32. A. search B. enter C. leave D. damage 33. A. call B. roll C. scream D. sigh 13 34. A. breath B. attention C. ladder D. flashlight 35. A. stay B. chance C. thought D. attempt 36. A. climbed B. circled C. looked D. jumped 37. A. clear B. open C. enough D. fit 38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone 39. A. persuaded B. kicked C. pulled D. forced 40. A. nervous B. surprised C. proud D. thankful 【答案与解析】 【本文要点】本文为记叙文，叙述了在一场雷雨引发房屋火灾之后，Sibson 如何自救，以及他的邻 居 Huggons 如何帮他脱离险境的惊心动魄的故事。 21. A 此句句意为：在 Sibson 还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处 before 表示 “还来不及就 ”。 22. D “暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋 ”，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用 over。 23. C 根据后文 “他打开通向地下室的门”可以判断 Sibson 冲下楼梯的目的是“查看一下” 到底发生了 什么事情。 24. D 他打开地下室的门，火焰从里面喷发出来。此处 explode out 意为 break out（突然爆发） 。 25. A 根据此句中“因为这个房间有一个通向屋外的独立的楼梯” ，因此他当时感觉应该是“安全的”。 26. B 当他正想通过那个楼梯出去的时候，却被一堵火墙给阻拦（stop） ，故用 B。 27. B 根据前面“three kilometres”及后文“so well hidden by trees”可知他的房子应该是离开主干道 有 3 公里。故用介词 off。 28. C 由于离开主干道 3 公里且被树所遮蔽，因此呼救是没有结果的（fruitless） ，故选 C。 29. A 突然他听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。strike ones ears“传进某人的耳朵；突然听到”。 30. D 根据后文 Huggons 拨打 911 可知，他是带上了他的电话。故选 D。 31. A Huggons 应该是朝着他所听到的声音方向而去。故选 A。 32. B 警察应该是警告 Huggons 不要进入 Sibson 的房子。故选 enter。 33. C Huggons 说他不能听到 Sibson 的拼命 叫喊。应使用 scream。 14 34. A Huggons 进入房子，但由于烟雾很大，他很快不得不跑回来“喘口气”。此处 catch ones breath 意为“喘口气”，故答案选 A。 35. D 在又一次打算进入房子的尝试之后， Huggons 最后还是放弃了，绕着圈子回来了。此处应使 用 attempt（尝试） 。 36. B 由于烟雾很大，Huggons 应该是摸索着绕着从房子里面出来的，故选 B。 37. C 当风将烟雾吹得足够的分散，以致他能够看到 Sibson。此处 part 表示将分开，因此不能用 open，因此答案选 C。 38. D 他用电筒往丛林中照。此处 shine the flashlight 为固定说法，意为“用电筒照” 。故选 D。 39. C Huggons 将梯子搭在房子上，将 Sibson 从二楼拽下来。此时二楼房子就要倒了，为了形容动 作之快，故用 pull。 40. D 根据后文 Sibson 自己所说的话“我当天晚上是一个人。然后我听到了我生命中最美丽的声音， 是 Huggons。 ”可知，他对 Huggons 心存感激。故选 D。 5.【2012 重庆卷 】 请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 36-55 各题所给的四个选项（A、B 、C、D）中，选出最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。 I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early_36_of gardening may not have originate from my love for nature. It was to _37_my parents. At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with _38_at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,“something else to _39_!”Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time. At that age, I always did something_40_to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found_41_, I would plant a garden! I planted some lily（百合花）seeds in the yard. But they failed to _42_.I continued to sunflower seeds and roses, Wild _4