2015山西特岗教师招聘考试高中英语定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解(语法知识)

2015 山西特岗教师招聘考试高中英语定语从句与强调句 陷阱题详解（语法知识） 定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选 A 或 B，将 A、B 中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】最佳答案是 C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词 +which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数 were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目(答 案均为 C)： (1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are (2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are (3) Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为 C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思 即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合 情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句 中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”;其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修 饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤? 3. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选 A，许多同学一看到题干中的 such，再联系到选项中的 that， 便认为这是考查 such that 句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。 page 【分析】最佳答案为 C，不是 A，因为在 such that (如此以至)结构 中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选 C 的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以 引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句 意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选 A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的 定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用 that。比较下面一题，答案为 A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him： David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 请再做以下试题(答案选 D)： It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as 4. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that B. it C. them D. which 【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。 【分析】最佳答案是 D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句， 修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选 D： (1) His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which (2) Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which (3) This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them： (4) George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom 2015 山西教师招聘考试 2015 山西教师招聘考试 2015 山西教师资格考试 (5) Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom (6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom page 5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】最佳答案是 B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空 格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选 A。比较： (1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案选 B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。 (2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案选 A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句， 注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词 were。 (3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案选 B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词 but，使得该句成了一个并列句。 6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】最佳答案是 A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语， 而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题： (1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其 后有完整的谓语 were seated。 (2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 A。因为句中有并列连词 and，整个句子为并列句。 page (3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。 (4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整 的谓语 sat。 (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句 中有完整的谓语 were sitting。 7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易误选 A 或 B，误这是非限制性定语从句。 2015 山西教师招聘考试 2015 山西教师招聘考试 2015 山西教师资格考试 【分析】正确答案为 D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主 句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that， 而不选 which： (1) If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK. A. as B. which C. and it D. that (2) If