机械英语论文.wps

plc control of the knife random mode of election plc 控制的随机选刀方式的控制的随机选刀方式的 研究研究 1.1 common methods of automatic election knife automatic control of the knife cnc refers to the system after the implementation of user instructions on the knife library automation process, including the process to find knives and automatic tool change . cnc machining center device (cnc) directive issued by the election knife , a knife, the tool required to take the knife position, said the election automatic knife. automatically elected knife there are two ways: random sequence election knives and knife election method. 1. 1 常见的自动选刀方式常见的自动选刀方式 刀库的自动控制指 cnc 执 行用户指令后系统对刀库的自 动控制过程，包括程序找刀和 自动换刀。加工中心的计算机 数控装置(cnc)发出的选刀指 令，将刀库转到所需刀具号的 取刀位置，称自动选刀。自动 选刀有两种方法:顺序选刀和 随机选刀方法。 1.1.1 order election knife tool selection order is the process tool according to the sequence of the insert knife, the use of knives in order to take place, used knives back at the original knife, can also order add block, a knife. in this way, no need tool identification devices, and drive control is a relatively simple, reliable and can be used directly from the points of the knife machinery to achieve. but the knives in each of the tool in different processes can not be reused, if the tool is installed in accordance with the order of the knife, there will be serious consequences. the need to increase the number of knives and knife the capacity of the tool and reduce the utilization of the knife. 1.1.1 顺序选刀顺序选刀 顺序选刀方法是刀具按预 定工序的先后顺序插入刀库中， 使用时按顺序转到取刀位置， 用过的刀具放回原来的刀座内， 也可以顺序放入下一个刀座内。 采用这种方式，不需要刀具识 别装置，而且驱动装置控制也 比较简单，工作可靠，可以直 接由刀库的分度机械来实现。 但刀库中每把刀具在不同的工 序中不能重复使用，如果刀具 不按顺序装在刀库中，将会产 生严重的后果。必须增加刀具 的数量和刀库的容量，降低了 刀具和刀库的利用率。 1.1.2random election knife random election under the knife is arbitrary instructions to select the required tools, then there must be tool identification devices. tool knife in the library do not have the processing in accordance with the order of the workpiece can be arbitrary storage. each of the tool (or knife blocks) are for a code, automatic tool change, the rotary cutter, every tool have been the “tool identification device“ acceptable identification. when cnc tool code and the code in line with directives of the tool selected, the rotary cutter knives will be sent to the atc position, waiting to grab manipulator. random knife election is the advantage of the cutter knife in the order has nothing to do with the processing sequence, the same tool can be used repeatedly. therefore, the relatively small number of knives, knife the corresponding smaller. random elections knife on the tool must be coded to identify. there are three main coding. 1.1.2 随机选刀随机选刀 随机选刀方法是根据指令 要求任意选择所需要的刀具， 这时必须有刀具识别装置。刀 具在刀库中不必按照工件的加 工顺序排列，可任意存放的。 每把刀具(或刀座)均编上代码， 自动换刀时，刀库旋转，每把 刀具都经过“刀具识别器”接 受识别。 当刀具代码与cnc 指 令代码相符时该刀具被选中刀 库旋转将刀具送到换刀位置， 等待机械手来抓取。随机选刀 的优点是刀库中刀具的排列顺 序与加工顺序无关，相同的刀 具可以重复使用。因此，刀具 数量比较少，刀库也相应的较 小。随机选刀必须对刀具编码， 以便识别。编码主要有以下三 种。 1. tool coding. adopt special knife handle structure coding, the drawbars on the knife handle back-end packages such as spacing of the coding part of the lock-nut fixed. coding diameter ring diameter of a size two, respectively, said that binary “1“ and “0“ to the two rings are different, can be a series of code. for example, there are six small diameter of the ring can be made to distinguish between 63 (26-1 = 63) of the coding tool. all of 0 normally not allowed to use the code, to avoid the cutter knife block did not confuse the situation. 1.刀具编码方式。采用特殊 的刀柄结构进行编码，刀柄后 端的拉杆上套装着等间距的编 码环，由锁进螺母固定。编码 环直径有大小直径两种，分别 表示二进制的“1”和“0“，通 过这两个圆环的不同排列，可 以得到一系列代码。例如有六 个大小直径的圆环便可组成能 区别 63 ( 26-1=63)种刀具的编 码。通常全为 0 的代码不许使 用，以避免与刀座中没有刀具 的状况混淆。 2. knife block coding. on the knife block coding, coding tool, and tool into line with the number of knives in the block. atc knife when the rotation, so that each knife seats followed through knowledge knife, knife found blocks, knives stopped the rotation. at this time there is no knife handle encoding part of the knife handle simplified. 2.刀座编码方式。对刀座编 码，刀具编码，并将刀具放到 与其号码相符的刀座中。换刀 时刀库旋转，使每个刀座位依 次经过识刀器，找到刀座，刀 库便停止旋转。这时刀柄上没 有了编码环，使刀柄简化。 3. annex coding methods. this style of coding keys, coded cards, coding and coding-disc, which is the most widely used coding keys. first toknives are attached to a tool of the show wrapped coding keys, and when the cutter knife to the store at knife in, so put the number of keys to remember knife block road, will be inserted into key to the coding block next to the key hole in the seat for the knife to the numbers. 3.编码附件方式。 这种方式 有编码钥匙、 编码卡片、 编码杆 和编码盘等，其中应用最多的 是编码钥匙。先给刀具都附上 一把裹示该刀具号的编码钥匙， 当把各刀具存放到刀库的刀座 中时，这样就把钥匙的号码转 记道刀座中，将编码钥匙插进 到座旁边的钥匙孔中给刀座编 上了号码。 in the positioning of the knife, plc controlled modular design method, which future production of similar machines will be very beneficial, it is easy to use its other machine. automatic tool change systems wil