英语四级最后冲刺必备基础知识---一个星期备战

一、四级最常考一、四级最常考 100 词总结：词总结： 1 accelerate vt. (使)加速，增速 【例】accelerate the rate of economic growth 加速经济增长 【派】acceleration n. 加速 accelerating a。加速的 2 account n. 账户、考虑 【考】take sth. into account 把考虑在内 3 accustome vt。使习惯 【考】be accustomed to 4 adapt vi. 适应 【考】adapt to适应 5 adjust vi。适应 【考】adjust to.。.适应 6 advocate vt. 宣扬 7 affluent a。富裕的 【派】affluence n。富裕 8 annoy vt。使烦恼， 使恼怒 【派】annoying a. 令人恼人的； annoyance n. 烦恼； annoyed a。颇为生气的 9 ascribe vt。把归咎于 【考】ascribeto 归因于 10 assess vt。评估 【派】assessment n. 评估 11 assign vt。指派，选派；分配，布置(作业) 【派】assignment 作业 12 assume vt。假象、假定 13 attain vt。获得 【考】attain ones ideal 达到理想 14 attribute vt. 把归因于 【考】attribute sth. to 把.。.归咎于 15 attribute vt。归咎于 【考】be attributed to; attribute sth. to 归于 16 automatically ad. 自动地 17 boost vt。提高，推动，使增长 n. 推动，增长 【例】boost the economy 推动经济增长 【派】booster n。支持者，推动器 18 brilliant a。光辉的、辉煌的 【派】brilliance n。 19 collaborate vi。合作 【考】collaborate with. sb。 20 comprehensive a. 综合的 【考】综合性大学 21 conscious a. 有意识的 【考】be conscious of sth. 对 有意识 22 conserve vt。保存、节省 【考】conserve energy 保护能源 23 considerate a. 考虑周到的 24 contribute vt。贡献 【考】contribute to 导致、带来、为贡献 25 convenient a。方便的 n.convenience 方便 26 convey vt。传达 27 cooperate vt。合作 【考】cooperative a。合作的 28 coordinate vt。合作 29 cultivate vt。培养 30 derive vt. 出自、源于 【考】derive from 31 despair vi。绝望； n. 绝望 【考】despair of 绝望； sb. be in despair 某人处于绝望中 32 disapprove vt. 不批准、不赞同 【派】disapproval n. 不赞同 【考】express strong disapproval 33 dismiss vt。撤销、免职 【考】be dismissed by ones company 被公司解雇 34 distinguish vt。辨别 【派】distinguished a. 突出的 35 distribute vt。分配、分发 【考】distribution n。分配、分发 36 dominate vt. 支配、统治 【考】male-dominated society 男性主导社会 37 embarrass vt。使窘迫， 使尴尬； 【派】embarrassed a。(某人)尴尬的； embarrassment n. 沮丧 embarrassing a. (某事)令人尴尬的 38 employ vt. 雇佣；使用 【考】in the employ of 受雇于 【派】employer n. 雇主；employee n。雇员 employment n. 雇佣， 工作 unemployment n. 失业 39 engage vt. 从事、订婚 【考】be engaged in sth. 从事 40 enhance vt。加强 41 enroll vt。注册、使入会 【派】enrollment 42 evacuate vt. 撤走、疏散 43 evaluate vt。评价、估计 【派】evaluation n。 44 evaluate vt。评价、估计 45 excessive a。过度的 46 frustrate vt。使沮丧， 使灰心 【派】frustration n. 挫折； frustrating a. 令人沮丧的 47 genetic a。遗传的 48 guarantee vt. 保证 49 identify vt。鉴别、验明 【考】idenfity theft 辨别偷窃 50 immigrate vt. 移民 【派】immigrant n。移民 immigration 51 implement vt。实施 【派】implementation n。 52 incline vi。倾向 【考】be inclined to do sth. 倾向于做某事 53 infeior a。下级的、下等的 【考】be inferior to 比低级 54 injure vt. 受伤 【派】injured a。受伤的； injury n. 受伤 55 inquire vi. 询问 56 instinct n。本能、直觉 【考】human instinct 人类本能 57 integrate vt. 使结合、使一体化 【派】integral a。一体的；integration n。一体 【考】as an integral whole 作为一个整体 global economic integration 全球经济一体化 58 internship n。实习 59 inverse a。倒转的、反转的 60 justify vt。证明是正当的 61 launch vt. 发射、开展 【考】launch the spacecraft 发射飞船 launch a movement 发起一项 运动 62 negative a。消极的 63 notify vt。通知、告诉 【派】notification n。 64 obligation n. 责任、义务 【考】legal obligation? 法律责任 65 obstacle n。障碍 66 optimistic a. 乐观的 【考】be optimistic about sth。对很乐观 67 originate vt。由产生 【考】originate from 由产生 68 overcome vt。战胜， 克服 【例】overcome difficulties 克服困难 69 phenomenon n。现象 70 positive a。积极的 71 potential a。潜在的 【考】potential customer 潜在客户 72 preferable a. 更好的 73 prevail vt。压倒、胜过 【派】prevailling a. 流行的 74 priority n. 优先 【考】sth. is the top priority 优先考虑 75 proceed vi。进行、着手 76 prompt vt。刺激、推动 【考】prompt sb. to do sth。 77 proportion n。比例 【派】proportional a。相应的、成比例的 78 pursue vt. 追求 【派】pursuit n. 追求 【考】pursue ones dream 79 qualify vt. (使)胜任，(使)具有资格 【考】qualify for sth. 使具有的资格 【派】qualification n。资格，条件；qualified a。有资格的 80 recommend vt。推荐 81 reference n。参考 82 remind vt。提醒某人注意 【考】be reminded of sth。 83 relevant a. 有关的，切题的 【考】be relevant to 与有关 【派】relevance n. 有关，相关；irrelevant a. 不相关的；不切题的 84 restore vt. 恢复、修复 【考】restore reputation 恢复名誉 85 restrain vt。遏制 【考】be restrained to do sth。 86 resume n。简历 87 reverse vt。颠倒、反转 88 sacrifice vt。牺牲 89 starvation n。饿死 90 submit vt. 提交 【考】submit sth. to sb. 把提交给某人 91 subsidy n。津贴、补助 【考】provide subsidy for sb. 为提供津贴 92 superior a。高级的、高等的 【考】be superior to 比高级 93 survive vt。幸免于 【考】survive sth. 从中幸免 94 transmit vt. 传播 95 tropical a。热带的 96 undertake vt. 承担，同意 【考】undertake sth. 从事 【派】undertaking n。事业，任务 97 vanish vi. 消失 98 victim n. 受害者 99 visiable a。可看见的 100 vision vt. 视力、眼光 二、四级考试必备二、四级考试必备 100 个短语：个短语： 1. at the thought of 一想到 2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论 3. at will 随心所欲 4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有 5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解 6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地， 7. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 , 主动地 8. in accord with 与一致 . out of ones accord with 同.不一致 9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据 11. on ones own account： 1) 为了某人的缘故， 为了某人自己的利益 2) (=at ones own risk) 自行负责 3) (=by oneself)依靠自己 12. takeinto account(=consider)把。考虑进去 13. give sb. an account of 说明， 解释 (理由) 14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释， 说明。 15. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。 16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放 句首时句子要倒装) 17. accuseof(=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控，控告 18. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。 19. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 20. act on 奉行，按照行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理 21. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 22. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编， 改写(以 适应新的需要) 23. in addition (=besides) 此外， 又， 加之 24. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外 25. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持， 遵循 26. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的， 临近的 27. adjust(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应; 28. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地。 29. in advance (before in time) 预告， 事先 30. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地 31. have an advantage over 胜过 have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb。知道某人所不知道的事 32. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用 33. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 34. in agreement (with) 同意， 一致 35. ahead of 在之前， 超过;. ahead of time 提前 36. in the air 1)不肯定， 不具体. 2)在谣传中 37. above all (=especially, most important of all) 的 38. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共， 总计 39. after all 毕竟，到底; (not) at all 一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突 然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎 40. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到， 估 计到 41. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于。 42. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责。 43. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。 44. be anxious about 为焦急不安; 或 anxious for 45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向道歉 46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸 引力 47. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请; apply for 申请; apply to 适用。 48. apply to 与有关;适用 49. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成， approve vt. 批准 50. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起。 51. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排做 52. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出，作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方); 53. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以为羞耻 54. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向保证， 使确信。 55. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚， 系 ,结 56. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做 57. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料 58. attitude to/ toward 对的态度。看法 59. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of)把.。归因于, 认为.。是.。的结果 60. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均 61. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness) 意识到，知道。 62. at the back of (=behind) 在后面 63. in the back of 在后部(里面); on the back of 在后部(外面); be on ones back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。 64. at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护; have sb. at ones back 有支持， 有作后台 65. turn ones back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理 睬(某人),背弃，抛弃 66. behind ones back 背着某人(说坏话) 67. be based on / upon 基于 68. on the basis of 根据, 在基础上 69. beatat 在运动项目上打赢 70. begin with 以开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经 常用于开始语) 71. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义 72. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信， 依赖，信仰 73. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。 74. for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处) 75. for the better 好转 76. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。 77. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生 78. blame sb. for sth. 因责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把推在某人 身上 79. in blossom 开花(指树木) be in blossom 开花(强调状态) come into blossom 开花(强调动作） 80. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机 81. boast of (or about) 吹嘘 82. out of breath 喘不过气来 83. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之 84. in bulk 成批地，不散装的 85. take the floor 起立发言 86. on business 出差办事。 87. be busy with sth。忙于某事。 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 88. last but one 倒数第二 89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设 90. buy sth. formoney 用多少钱买 91. be capable of 能够， 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词：是 能够被的 92. in any case(=for love or money, any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何 93. in case (=for fear that) 万一 94. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生万一 in the case of 至于, 就而言 95. in no case 在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句) 96. be cautious of 谨防 97. center ones attention on(=focus ones attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在上 98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握， 一定。 99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地 100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然 三、5 篇预测作文： 预测作文（一）：My View on Double BA Degree 1）. 现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见 2）. 我对这一现象的看法 【范文】 Recently it has become a common phenomenon for college students to have two majors at the same time. In this way, they can get double BA degrees when they graduate from the university several years later. Although it may bring unfavorable consequences, we can be sure to conclude that this practice is favorable on the whole. To begin with, most students will become more hardworking and efficient in order to finish the learning tasks satisfactorily. Moreover, with two degrees at hand after graduation, they will stand a better chance in the job market full of fierce competition. In the third place, as for todays university students, tuition and fees are becoming more and more expensive. If they can make achievements in study at school and find a satisfactory job afterwards, it will not be a big problem. Weighing the pros and cons of such we can naturally arrive at the conclusion that it is beneficial and rewarding. This system not only compels students to work hard, but also prepares them for the coming competition. 【点评】 首段直接点题，说明现象；第二段分述三个优点，其中首句为让 步状语从句，意思是“虽然可能带来负面的后果，但总体上是有益 的” ；第三段呼应第二段，得出结论。 范文首段提出大学生读双学位这一普遍现象；第二段分三点进行 论述，其中前两点是优点，即学生会更加勤奋，并且有利于他们在 激烈的求职市场中找到工作，最后一点是解释可能带来的学费问题 并不严重；第三段下结论，呼应第二段。 第二段第三句中的 stand a better chance(of)表示“大有希望” ；第 三段末句中的 compel sbto do sth表示“迫使某人做某事 预测作文（二）：Opening Psychological Courses 1. 许多人建议大学开设心理课程 2. 我对这一问题的看法 【范文】 Recently more and more educator and common citizens suggest that universities colleges open more courses which are helpful for students psychological health. Personally, I fully agree with their proposal for the following reasons. On the one hand, the ever-increasing pressure of study at the moment and job-hunting in the future may lead to many psychological problems such as anxiety, depression and even despair, and the psychological courses open a door for communication and relaxation. On the other hand, such courses can teach students how to regulate feelings and emotions under different situations, which is a good preparation for the future life in the complex social network. Finally, these courses also introduce good habits which are conducive to mental and psychological health. To be mature and qualified citizens in the society, students have to do more than study hard. In a word, I warmly welcome the establishment of psychological courses in universities. In my mind, they are good for students psychological development. 【点评】 首段提出主题，其中第二句为过渡句，引出下文；第二段提出 三点同意的理由；最后一段得出结论，与第一段首句呼应，其中第 二句是解释型的补充说明句。 范文首段提出许多人建议大学开设心理课程。作者同意这一建 议，并分三点在第二段中叙述理由。首先，目前的学习以及将来的 就业压力需要开设心理课程。其次，教会学生如何调整在不同环境 下的情绪。最后，给学生介绍有利于其身心健康的好习惯。第三段 总结呼应首段内容。 第二段第一点中的 ever-increasing 表示“一直在增加的” ，修饰 两个名词词组，对比鲜明，at the moment 表示“现在” ，in the future 表示“将来” ，open a door for表示“开启了之门” ；第二点中 的 regulate 表示“调节，控制” ；第三点中的 conducive 表示“有益 于的” ，后接介词 to。 预测作文（三）：Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Dictionary 1. 电子辞典的优点 2. 电子辞典的缺点 3. 我的结论 【范文】 The discussion about electronic dictionaries has never stopped in the past few years. Lets have a look at its advantages and disadvantages before drawing the final conclusion. The biggest advantage of an electronic dictionary is its convenience. Whenever you meet new words or expressions, you can know the meaning quickly. Whats more, with the development of science and technology, electronic dictionaries are becoming more and more advanced: they can pronounce the words clearly, provide sample sentences to illustrate word usage and store difficult words for special memorization. Last but by no means the least, electronic dictionaries are becoming cheaper and cheaper, and more and more students can afford them. However, the negative effects are also obvious. To begin with, some students rely too much on the electronic dictionarythey never put their heart into learning new words and expressions. In the second place, some explanations are neither complete nor accurate, which are quite misleading. Finally, new technical inventions do not necessarily lead to progress in learning. Diligence is always the decisive factor, because “there is no royal road to learning“. Up until now, we can see it clearly that an electronic dictionary is not beneficial or harmful in itself. The key lies in the userso long as we can make proper use of it, it can be most helpful to us in many respects. 【点评】 首段提出一个长时间争论的话题；第二段中指出该事物的优点； 第三段阐述缺点；第四段首句下结论，表明此事物本身无对错，第 二句指出关键在于使用者，即如果合理使用，就会从中受益。 范文首段指出，有关电子辞典的讨论从来没有停止过；第二段 阐述优点，即电子辞典便于查询，而且随着技术的发展，电子辞典 功能也越来越多，另外价钱也越来越低；第三段提出缺点，电子辞 典让学生产生依赖心理，不准确，另外技术的进步不一定带来学习 上的进步；最后一段总结，电子辞典本身无对错，关键在于正确使 用以便为我们服务。 第二段第三句中的 illustrate 表示“用图或例子来说明” ；第三 点中的 afford 表示“买得起” 。第三段第一点中的 rely too much on 表示“过分依赖” ；put ones heart into doing sth表示“专心致志于 某事” ；第二点中的 accurate 表示“精确的” ，misleading 表示“使人 误解的” ；第三点第二句中的 decisive factor 表示“决定因素” 。 预测作文（四）：Teenagers Studying Abroad 1. 现在有很多青少年出国留学 2. 有些人认为这种做法是有益的 3. 我认为这种观点是不对的 【范文】 Recently it seems that among the students who choose to study abroad, there are more and more-teenagers who study in high schools or even elementary schools. Many people, especially the parents, think it will certainly do good to their chidren because the independent life will make them learn confidence and perseverance. Moreover, the quality of overseas education is often higher, thus the child stands a better chance of entering a better university and getting a better job in the future. After careful consideration, I have to say the above view is more than biased. On the one hand, early independent life is not necessarily good, if the child cannot receive proper guidance and tender care from both teachers and parents. On the other hand, the educational quality is also a questiontoo many foreign schools aim at earning money. When the children come back, who can guarantee that they can adapt to the fierce competition here? We can see clearly that although teenagers studying abroad may bring favorable results, there are still a lot to worry about. It seems necessary for young students to make a careful investigation before going abroad. 【点评】 第一段指出当前某种普遍的做法，之后分两点阐述人们支持这 种做法的原因；第二段首句鲜明地指出自己反驳的意见，然后分两 点来阐述理由；最后一段进行总结，并请当事人在做出决定前多加 斟酌。 范文首句点题，指出青少年留学这一现象，并给出支持者的理 由，即独立的生活会教会他们自信和坚持不懈，而且国外的教学水 平会让学生进入更好的大学、找到更好的工作。第二段给出反对理 由。首先，定是件好事。另外，太多的国外学校的目标是挣钱，所 以它们的教学质量是令人质疑的。末段总结说青少年留学可能会带 来好处，但令人担忧的问题也很多。 第一段第三句中的 stand a better chance of 表示“有更好的机会 做某事” 。第二段首句中的 biased 表示“偏激的，存有偏见的” ；第 三句中的 aim at 表示“目的在于” ；第四句中的 guarantee 表示“保 证” ，adapt to 表示“适应” ，fierce 表示“激烈的” ，修饰 competition(竞争)。 预测作文（五）How to Eliminate Cheating on Campus 1. 当前校园中存在许多作弊现象 2. 解决这一问题