圆柱分度凸轮机构设计玻壳热校准机工作台间歇运动机构设计（CAD图纸）
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上传时间：2017-06-17
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河南
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圆柱
分度
凸轮
机构
设计
玻壳热
校准
机工
间歇
运动
cad
图纸
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前言 1、圆柱分度凸轮及其分度原理 圆柱分度凸轮机构属于空间凸轮机构，它的出现比较早， 20 世纪 30年代已经应用，但是由于设计方法及凸轮的制造方法落后，这种机构的优点未能充分发挥，仅用于低速和精度要求不高的场合。随着计算机和数控加工的广泛应用，圆柱分度凸轮机构日益受到人们的重视，对圆柱分度凸轮机构从理论上、设计方法上和凸轮的制造方法上做了深入系统的研究，该机构传动在精度、承载能力和动力学方面都有了很大的提高 ，成 为一类重要的空间分度凸轮机构。 圆柱分度凸轮机构是由圆柱分度凸轮、滚子和从动盘组成的一类特殊的空间凸 轮机构，它的输入轴和输出轴空间交错垂直。多个滚子在从动盘的同一圆周上均布，且它们的轴线与输出轴线平行，其分布圆也称为从动盘的节圆，该机构当凸轮匀速转动时，凸轮的工作面与滚子相啮合，推动从动盘做间歇转位运动。从动盘间歇转位运动的实现，依赖于凸轮工作曲面的变化。凸轮工作曲面可以看做是变升程的螺旋面，在升程为零的工作曲面段 ，滚子被凸轮带动自转外，没有回转力矩传递给从动盘，从动盘处于静止状态。这样，就实现了机构间歇转位运动的输出。对于不同运动规律的设计，在升程不为零的凸轮工作面段的变化有所不同。在运动保证形式上，该 机构属于锁合形式，因此，在运动段的任一时刻，凸轮上有一工作曲面与滚子之间形成虚约束，限制滚子脱开传递运动的曲面，在静止段，凸轮上有两个不同的曲面与一个或者两个滚子相接触，限制从动盘运动，使其处于静止状态。 2、圆柱分度凸轮机构的特点 （ 1） 机构结构简单、紧凑、刚性好、承载能力高，可用于大扭矩的间歇运动场合。 （ 2） 分度范围大，适应范围广，尤其是分度数较多时，该机构的优点更加明显，因此，分度数多的场合，它的使用较其他间隙运动机构多。 （ 3） 设计上限制较少，可以方便的实现各种运动规律。 （ 4） 分度精度高，可以达到 +30。 （ 5） 制造成本 低，在空间凸轮机构中，它的凸轮制造费用是最低的。 （ 6） 圆柱分度凸轮适用于中低速的场合。 设计步骤 1、确定工作台的工作周期 T 和转动时间 1） 静止时间 t j = 2） 工作周期 T=3600/3600/1200=3s （ 3） 转位时间 - t j= 4） 机构动停比 Kd=td/ 5） 凸轮动程角 h=*360=60 2、确定在一次转位中，从动件滚子走过的最大弦向距离 （ 1） 工位数 z=24 （ 2） 从动滚子分布圆半径 00 3） 分度角 /z=/12 （ 4） 从动件滚子走过的最大 弦向距离 H=2 /z） =、确定滚子尺寸 （ 1） 滚子半径 H 取 2） 滚子宽度 0= 3） 中心距 C= )=、确定圆柱凸轮尺寸 （ 1） 圆柱凸轮的最大许用压力角【 】 =35。注意：压力角越大，传动效率越低，但压力角越小，基圆越大 ，所以要保证基圆尺寸的基础上，尽量减少压力角。 （ 2） 圆柱凸轮基圆直径 】 =意： 取 】为最大许用压力角 （ 3） 凸轮槽深度 h=0+(1-3)注： （ 4） 圆柱凸轮宽度 +2( 5） 圆柱凸轮外径 h=、计算圆柱凸轮的轮廓各计算点的纵坐标，应 先求得从动件上相应的无因次位移 Y，然后计算 y 值。 y=用“凸轮曲线数值表”来求 Y 值。 1 因为 1应圆整到 30的整数倍，且能整除 取 1=则等分数 ： n=h/1=120 计算表格 工位数： 24 基圆直径： 最大弦向距离： 滚子分布半径： 200 程角： 60 分度角： 15 等分数： 120 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 K Y y t x E x+E 0 0 1 1 2 1 3 3 4 2 5 5 6 3 7 7 8 4 9 9 10 5 11 11 12 6 13 13 14 7 15 15 16 8 17 17 18 9 19 19 20 10 21 21 22 11 23 23 24 12 25 25 26 13 27 27 28 14 29 29 30 15 31 31 32 16 33 33 34 17 35 35 36 18 37 37 38 19 39 39 40 20 41 41 42 21 43 43 44 22 45 45 46 23 47 47 48 24 49 49 50 25 51 51 52 26 53 53 54 27 55 55 56 28 57 57 58 29 59 59 60 30 61 61 62 31 63 63 64 32 65 65 66 33 67 67 68 34 69 69 70 35 71 71 72 36 73 73 74 37 75 75 76 38 77 77 78 39 79 79 80 40 81 81 82 41 83 83 84 42 85 85 86 43 87 87 88 44 89 89 90 45 91 91 92 46 93 93 94 47 95 95 96 48 97 97 98 49 99 99 100 50 101 101 102 51 103 103 104 52 105 105 106 53 107 107 108 54 109 109 110 55 111 111 112 56 113 113 114 57 115 115 116 58 117 117 118 59 119 119 120 60 6、确定凸轮轴上的扭矩及驱动功率 （ 1）凸轮轴上的扭矩 简化计算 ，忽略其他因素，只考虑惯性载荷。由下式计算 m/h （ m 工作台无因次加速度与无因次速度乘积的最大值 （ m=m= 工作台转动惯量 J=1/2*03*m 2 0%作为凸轮轴扭矩的最大值 2)驱动功率 N= 549( 0/T(r/20(r/N=工位数：24 基圆直径：250.63mm 最大弦向距离：52.21mm 滚子分布半径：200mm动 程角：60 分度角：15 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基圆直径：250.63mm 最大弦向距离：52.21mm 滚子分布半径：200mm动 程角：60 分度角：15 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