外文翻译企业信息化对企业竞争战略的影响

外文原文：The Influences of Enterprise Informationization onEnterprise Competitive StrategiesAbstract Enterprise informationization is to attain the production process automation，network management，intelligent decision support and business electronic commerce etc Enterprise lnformationization strategies are very important enterprise functional strategies which are throughout the entire competitive strategies processThe influences of enterprise informationization on enterprise competitive strategies can be showed in six aspects that the enterprise informationized competitive strategies are promoted to be an innovation mode of strategic thinking in enterprises，aimat establishing new enterprise competitive advantages and core competencies，make target with enterprise value chain，are based on strategic information system，take strategy revolution as the essence and have a longterm information technology integration processKey words Enterprise，Informationization，Competitive Strategies1 IntroductionIn many industries not widely considered information businesses，information actually represents a large percentage of the cost structureMore fundamentally, information is the glue that holds together the structure of all businessesThe changing economics of informationthreaten to undermine established value chains in many sectors of the economy,requiring virtually every company to rethink its strategynot incrementally,but fundamentallyThat is the issue of Enterprise Informationization and Strategies2 The Enterprise informationizationEnterprise Informationization refers to such a systematic processPeople scientifically use modem information technology，take full use of the information resources，and constantly improve the efficiency and quality of production，operation，management and decisionmaking in order to improve the enterprises economic efficiency and competitive powerTo a modem manufacturing enterprise，Enterprise informationization is to attain the production process automation，network management，intelligent decision support and business electronic commerce，etcTherefore，the enterprise informationizatiOn contains four aspectsThey can be named as the informationization of production administrative level，the informationization of management executive level，the informationization of strategic decision-making level and the informationization of business collaboration levelThe informationization of business collaboration level is based on enterpriselevel collaboration with extemal contacts，including business transactions in upstream and downstream enterprises and the exchange of information between the government and enterprisesObviously，it belongs to the external enterprise informationizationOn the other hand，the above three aspects of enterprise informationization are based on enterprise-internal-level；they are the formation of internal enterprise informationizationThe first internal enterprise informationization is the informationization of production administrative levelIt includes the processes of design，research and development in using modem information technology in enterprisesThey are known as Computer Aided Design |Computer Aided Manufacturing l Computer Aided Process Planning(CAD/CAM/CAPP)；as production information such as Numerical Control Machine(NCM)， Flexible Manufacturing System(FMS)；and as monitoring operations infonnation such as Computer Aided Test/Computer Aided Inspection|Computer Aided Qualit)，Control(CAT/CAI/CAQC)The second one is the informationization of management executive levelIt is always designed according to the enterprises management process and named Management Information System(MXS)In past recent years，the informationization of management executive level hasbeen developed to some high degree of common enterprise integration management software，such as Manufacturing Resource Planning(MRPII)，Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP)，Office Automation System(OAS)，and Workflow Management System(WFS)，etcThe third is the informationization of strategic decisionmaking levelIt includes Decisionmaking Support System(DSS)，Competitive Information System (CIS)，Strategic Information Systems(SIS)，Manager or Supervisor Information System(MIS)，and the Expert System(ES)，etc.DSS/CIS/SIS/MIS are hot top!cs in the communityThe informationization of business collaboration level includes Electronic Data Interface(EDI)，Electronic Commerce(EC)and Supply Chain Management(SCM)，etcLate of 1990s，the rapid development and application of network made the structure above-mentioned of enterprise information technology relatively ambiguous Cross-functional systems began coverage，and information management turned from closing into sharingIt is no doubted that the network has become a trendThe implementation of network management becomes a huge productivity and improves efficiency in enterpriseMeanwhile，the wide and indepth application of information technology leads business management thinking towards the fiat directionConversely，this change in management thinking promotes integrated enterprise information strategy shift in the directiontoward multidimensional3 The Relationship Between Enterprise Informationization and Enterprise Competitive strategies3.1 Enterprise informationization strategies are important enterprise functional strategiesSince 1980，it is just because that information technology became part of the core technology in enterprises of developed countries；information resource management extensively involved in strategic management level，strategic information has become the obiect of study by some academicsThe late 1 980s，information strategies accessed to enterprises practice areas as functional strategies like financial strategies，human resources strategies and marketing strategies，and equally became important strategic functions of enterprises。The information strategies are not only the duty and goal which the enterprise information function must achieve，but also the methods，objectives，strategies and the skies to achieve these tasksThe informationstrategies include information technology strategies，information resources strategies，e-commerce strategies and information organization strategies，etcIn order to meet enterprises needs and achieve the enterprises strategic business objectives，the goals and direction ofthe enterprise information system development must be set by the senior leadership of enterprises，the expels of information technology,and the representatives of the information system users according to the demandscoming from the enterprises overall information system strategiesThat is the basis of building Enterprise Information System in a long period of time3.2 Enterprise informationization strategies exist throughout the entire management process of the Enterprise Competitive StrategiesTo face the global competition，lower consumer loyalty,and the pressures of business informationization，Chinas enterprises have to take the plan to use information technology to promote industrialization so as to avoid taking again the old road which the developed countries enterprises had doneIt is said to walk on two legs to balance ones walkingHowever,the strategic application of information technology has a high degree of risk，its effects are highly uncertainIt needs to be managed to a broad strategic information investment，and through the implementation of various reforms to release the potential strategic value of information technologyIn the Information Economy Age，the enterprise informationization strategies provide a new competitive strategy option in the market with the potential to create competitive advantagesApproved a new competitive strategy into reality，the new strategy will play a majorpower to help the enterprises to obtain competitive advantages in the globalization and information ageThe formulation and implementation of enterprise competitive strategies，closely integrated with information technology strategies，can achieve competitive advantages and make brilliant achievements4 The Influences of Enterprise Inforrnationization on Enterprise Competitive StrategiesInformation resource is the core strengths of enterprise competitive advantagesReallocation，development and utilization of lnformation resource can increase corporate performanceThe competitive advantage is the external performance of an enterprises information superiorityOn the other hand，information superiority is the internal existence in the form of competitive advantage of an enterpriseThe process of Enterprise Informationization urges enterprises to take full advantage of the strategic information technology and strategic innovation of the new mode of thinking，so as to work out a new strategy and identify it to support the enterprises information technology development goals，models，stage and strategiesBy building the enterprises strategic information systems，we can reshape the enterprises competitive advantages and core competenciesThe strategic influences of Enterprise Informationization on the Enterprise Competitive Strategies lie in the following six areas4.1 The enterprise informationized competitive strategies are promoted to be an innovation mode of strategic thinking in enterprisesThe Enterprise Informationization is an important factor leading to the current changes in enterprisesIts strategic influences to enterprises CaB be expressed by the McKinsey 7S Frameworks(structure，strategy，system，skills，style，staff and common values)It is an important external trigger of strategic changesGradually, it is changed to be all internal factor of strategic changes in the management through business investment and management of information technologyIn the internet economy time，enterprises need to seek new opportunities brought about by technological advances，and use information technology to achieve the innovation goals of their competitive strategies.For the application of Enterprise Informationization，enterprises should use the inductive method instead of the deductive methodManagers put the question which should behow can we use technology,which was not done in the past so that we can do?”instead ofHow can we use these new technologies to enhance the potential renovation or improvement of our existing work?”。As a result，it is only the innovative thinking of competitive strategies that can bring the innovative results in the connotation of the competitive strategies。4.2 The enterprise informationized competitive strategies aim at establishing new enterprise competitive advantages and core competenciesA firms competitive advantages are what set an enterprise apart and give it a competitive edgeThere are two recent schools of thought，or views，concerning how a firm can gain and maintain competitive advantages： One is the Industrial Organization View(IOV)In this view，the focus of analysis is externalA major concern is how the firm compares to its industry competitorsAnother is the Resourcebased View(RBV)Proponents of this view take the approach that a firms resources are more important than industry structure in getting andkeeping competitive advantagesWhether IOV or RBV,it is a simple concept that a firms competitive advantages are temporary because the environment is changing so rapidlyHaving the aid of the application of Enterprise Informationization，the enterprise informationized competitive strategies take attention to such two aspects：First，the performance of enterprises in market competition，which is competitive advantages，the other is a training of core competenciesThe Enterprise Informationizations aim should be clear in order to help enterprises achieve something in those areas43 The enterprise informationized competitive strategies make target with enterprise value chainProduce value is the basis for competitive advantagesThe process of enterprise informationized competitive strategies is to help improving the competitiveness of enterprises through improving the quality and value of information servicesThe crossfunctional business process of an enterprise is the cornerstone of corporate strategiesTo be successful，the core business process must be transformed into such strategic capabilities that are difficult to imitate for other enterprisesThat is to say, the capabilities carl be understood as business processes in the strategic significance of enterprisesTherefore，the Enterprise Informationization call improve the enterprises core business processes in the rate，consistency, sensitivity，flexibility and creativityThis will help enterprises to improve their core competencies44 The enterprise informationized competitive strategies are based on strategic information system(SIS)Strategic Information System，which comes from the enterprises strategic goals，is designed for the application of information technologiesThat is to say， all these applications of information technologies designed to serve a strategic purpose，to influence corporate strategies and business plans，to bring competitive advantages for enterprises are strategic information systemsAfter enterprises identify the new strategy，the Enterprise Informationization can enable companies to build up a strategic information system，and through strategic information system to achieve a new competitive strategy45 The enterprise informationized competitive strategies take strategy revolution as the essenceStrategy revolution is a systemic process in which the corporate strategy changes in order to obtain sustainable competitive advantagesAccording to that he intemal or the external environment has occurred or will occur,and the changes have been forecasted or wanted，the corporate strategy needs to be changed uphold the dynamic coordination principle among the three environmentstrategyorganizationThe value of the Enterprise Informationization requires releasing through a series of changesTherefore，management revolution is an essential element of enterprise informationized competitive strategiesFurthermore，the enterprise informationized competitive strategy is just an exploration of strategic management process to changes in the new economy，is itself an jnnovation4.6 The enterprise informationized competitive strategies have a long-term information technology integration processIt is no doubt that the enterprise informationized competitive strategies can be thought as a strategic course of study and feedbackIt is impossible to achieve a “mutual consistency between strategy and Informationization”in a dayEnterprises should initiatively use informationization to innovate but sometimes it is always an emergency response of enterprises to facing their competitorsThe effects of enterprise informationized competitive strategies are a dynamic gaming process which maybe shown after several trials with the enterprises competitorsEnterprises must constantly look at the relationship between informationization and competitive strategies to seek innovation opportunities for competitive strategiesOn the other hand，it is necessary for enterprises to plan its informationization strategies and to strive to achieve its strategic goals of the competition through the continued implementation of the planning processIn addition，the different information technology also includes the different ideas of managementThe Enterprise Informationization includes the richTo realize and create competitive advantages needs anarduous process of information integration5 Conclusionit is a new business globalizationChange， environment of information and newness，uncertainty?What do they mean to todays and tomorrows managers?The key to success，if it can be narrowed down to one statement is： be prepared to make adjustmentsIn both manufacturing and services，information lowers transaction costs，nearly to zero for some productsThe Enterprise Informationization has been the resource of enterprise competitive advantages and core competenciesWe need to change the nature of strategy formulation and implementation Especially，we need to change our strategic thinkingThat is the influences of Enterprise Informationization on Enterprise Competitive StrategiesRefe rences1MichaelEPorter,Competitive strategy，Huaxia Press，1 9972MichaelEPoaeL Competitive advantage，Huaxia Press，1 9973Lorain Hit，Erik Brynjolfsson，Productivity，Profit and consumer welfare：Three Different Measures of Information TechnologyS Value，Quarterly of Management Information System，June，1996，20(2)：1211424John Thorp，Center for Strategic Leadership，The Information Paradox：Realizing the Business Benefits of Information Technology，NorthEastern Financial University Publishing House and McGrawHill Co1 9995Peter JLane，Albert ACannella Jrand Michael HLubatkin；Agency Problems as Antecedents to Unrelated Mergers and Diversification，Strategic management Journal，1998，v0119：5555786 Molten Tllansen，Nitin Wohria，and Thomas Tierney，WhatS Your Strategy For Managing 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