高考英语一轮复习 第1部分 module 1 our body and healthy habits课时作业 外研版必修

到乌蒙山区的昭通;从甘肃中部的定西，到内蒙古边陲的阿尔山，看真贫、知真贫，真扶贫、扶真贫，成为“花的精力最多”的事;“扶贫先扶志”“扶贫必扶智”“实施精准扶贫”Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits .完形填空 (2016北京卷) A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch _1.A_ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be _2.B_ if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. _3.D_ ， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns _4.D_ was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship.Cars and horses couldnt travel on the _5.B_ roads.Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. _6.C_ January 26, Billy and three other children had died.Twenty more were _7.D_ .Nomes town officials came up with a (n) _8.A_ .They would have the medicine sent by _9.B_ from Anchorage to Nenana.From there, dogsled (狗拉雪橇) driversknown as “mushers”would _10.A_ it to Nome in a relay (接力) The race began on January 27.The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. _11.C_ he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannons face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to _12.D_ a frozen body of water called Norton Sound.It was the most _13.C_ part of the journey.Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would _14.D_ ，and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his _15.C_ .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to _16.A_ the trail again.The only hope was Balto, Kaasens lead dog.Balto put his nose to the ground， _17.B_ to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly，Balto began to _18.A_ .He had found the trail.At 530 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog _19.D_ in Nome.Within minutes, Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.Nome had been _20.B.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。Nome小镇的孩子们感染了白喉病。为了挽救孩子们，一些勇士们展开了雪橇接力赛，冒着危险，日夜兼程地把药品安全运到小镇上，孩子们最终得救了。1A.examinedBwarnedCinterviewedDcured解析根据下文中的“and knew he had diphtheria”可知，应填examine“检查 (身体) ”，表示Dr.Welch给一个生病的男孩做了检查。2A.harmlessBhelplessCfearlessDcareless解析上文说这种病主要传染给孩子，下文说如果这种病袭击这个镇子，因此根据语境，应选B，表示如果发生这种情况的话，那么这里的孩子们就会很无助了。helpless表示“无助的，无能为力的”。3A.MoreoverBThereforeCOtherwiseDHowever解析上下文语境表示转折含义，因此选D，表示“然而，可是”，指可是最近的供应物也远在一千多英里之外。4A.airportBstationCharborDborder解析下文说用船只送药的方法不可行，因此这里选C，指这个小镇中船只进出的港口已经被冰覆盖。harbor“港口”。5A.narrowBsnowy CbusyDdirty解析根据语境和上文的“full of ice”可知，这里说的是汽车和马不能在被雪覆盖的道路上行进，因此选B表示“被雪覆盖的”。6A.FromBOnCByDAfter解析根据下文的“had died”可知，此处表示在1月26日之前，Billy和其他三个孩子已经死去了。故用by表示“在之前，到为止”。7A.tired BupsetCpaleDsick解析这里表示还有20个孩子染病了，因此选D表示“生病的”。8A.planBexcuseCmessageDtopic解析根据语境可知，此处指小镇的政府官员提出了一个解决方案，因此选A表示“计划，方案”。9A.airBrailCseaDroad解析前面提到道路积雪，港口冰冻，且当时还没有喷气式飞机，因此可排除A、C、D三项，应选B。下文的“from the trainat Nenana”亦是提示。10A.carryBreturnCmailDgive解析根据语境，这里应用carry表示“运送”，描述狗拉雪橇运送药品到目的地的动作。11A.ThoughBSinceCWhenDIf解析根据句意，此处应用When引导时间状语从句，指当第一个赶狗拉雪橇的人把药品交给下一个赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，他的脸由于极度的寒冷被冻得发黑。12A.enterBmoveCvisitDcross解析根据下文中“a frozen body of water”可知应选D表示“穿过，穿越”，指Seppala必须要穿过一片结了冰的水域。13A.shamefulBboringCdangerousDfoolish解析下文的“Norton Sound was covered with ice.of Nome”描述了这片水域的危险，因此选C表示“危险的”。14A.escapeBbleedCswimDdie解析此处表示如果他掉进了下面的冰水里，他会死掉，镇上那些患病的孩子也会因为没有药品而死去。结合语境判断选D。15A.memoryBexitCwayDdestination解析结合上文的“huge piles of snow blocked”和下文的“He had to leave.get around them”可判断应选C，表示大堆的雪把他的道路阻断了。16A.findBfixCpassDchange解析根据上文的“leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) ”可知，这里选A表示“找到”，指环境是如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕迹对他来说是不可能的。17A.pretendingBtryingCaskingDlearning解析根据语境，这里用try to do表示“试图做某事”，指Balto试图嗅出其他的狗的气味。18A.runBleaveCbiteDplay解析根据下文的“He had found the trail”可知，此处指Balto找到了雪橇痕迹，于是开始奔跑。故选A。19A.gatheredBstayedCcampedDarrived解析根据上下文可知，这里说的是Kaasen和他的狗到达了Nome，因此选D，表示“到达”。20A.controlledBsavedCfoundedDdeveloped解析根据倒数第二段的内容可知，最终药品被安全送到了Nome，疾病也得到了控制，孩子们恢复了健康，故此处指这个小镇得救了。因此选B，表示“挽救”。 .阅读理解Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socializing and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories to produce heat.Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mices belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring longterm stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the bodys nervous system.However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato” fellows.Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose teams findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, “Im still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs.” Explaining how new technology had threatened facetoface socializing, he added, “Its not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.” Coauthor Dr Lei Cao said, “Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; its equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.”文章大意：本文讲述了一项关于减肥的研究。以小老鼠的例子告诉人们应该积极参加社交活动多锻炼，而不是总待着不动。1What information can we get from the first two paragraphs？_D_A. Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter.B. It doesnt take long to turn white fat into brown.C. Social excitement helps gain more weight.D. Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句话 “US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat.”美国研究者认为，社交兴奋感可以把 “白色脂肪”转化为“棕色脂肪”，从而有助于减肥。“白色脂肪”储存卡路里，使人们长胖，而“棕色脂肪”能够燃烧能量，产生热量。故D正确。2Which of the following statement does the text support？_A_A. Levels of brown fat can be increased by socializing.B. The mice lacking social life lose more weight.C. The research findings havent been published so far.D. Dr Matthew During wasnt convinced of the result.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句 “White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring longterm stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the bodys nervous system.”可知A正确。3We can conclude from the text that _C_Athe fat in mices belly was reduced because of the relaxing environmentBa sedentary lifestyle and high calorie foods influence peoples social lifeCsurfing the Internet may influence peoples facetoface communicationDcancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句 “Explaining how new technology had threatened facetoface socializing, he added，”Its not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.”可知C正确。4Whats the main idea of the text？ _D_A. Brown fat is beneficial to peoples health.B. Socializing is unnecessarily important in peoples daily life.C. White fat can be changed into brown fat.D. Socializing contributes to peoples losing weight.解析主旨大意题。根据文章第一段得出，科学家研究发现，与锻炼几个小时相比，跟朋友一起参加社交活动更有利于保持苗条身材。研究人员表示，社交活动和朋友聚会能帮助提高体内 “棕色脂肪”的含量，这种脂肪可以燃烧卡路里，产生热量，所以有助于减肥。选D。.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2016全国七选五) Everyone knows that fish is good for health. _1.G_ But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. _2.D_ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. _3.F_ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. _4.A_ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish. _5.B_ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料) Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, its ready to serve.ADo not buy it.BThe easiest is to steam it.CThis is how you can do it.DIt just requires a little knowledge.EThe fish will go bad within hours.FWhen buying fish, you should first smell it.GThe fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.文章大意：本文向大家介绍了如何用简单的方法购买和烹制鱼。解析_ 1.考查与首句语意的一致性。由第1空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子在语意上应该保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的益处。故选G。2考查句子的承上启下作用。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储存和烹制并不困难，空后一句讲本文是关于如何以一种简单的方式购买和烹制鱼的，故选D“这只需要一点点知识就能做好”。3考查主题句。段落的细节始终围绕主题句展开，本段中第二、三句围绕如何通过嗅觉来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，因此可以判断F项正确。4考查段落中句子间语意的连贯性和代词的正确使用。第4空前提到，浓烈的气味说明鱼已不新鲜，故不能买这种鱼。据此可知A项正确。5考查段落中句子间语意的连贯性。本段的主题为如何烹制鱼，下文讲到了烹制鱼的步骤：首先，洗净鱼；其次，添加调料；最后，将装有鱼的盘子放人蒸锅中，蒸8至10分钟即可食用 (以重约为一磅的鱼为例) 。故选B项“最简单的方法是蒸”。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。Do you have sleeping problems? If so, then these tips may help you fall asleep fast. Set aside the thought _1.that_ you have to fall asleep. The more you think _2.of/about_ it，the harder you will fall asleep. The foods you eat also play _3.an_ important part. Avoid eating or drinking things like chocolates, coffee, tea and energy drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon, _4.especially_ (especial) before going to bed. Dont eat too much at night. A full stomach will make it more difficult for you _5.to_fall_ (fall) asleep because your bo