高考英语一轮复习 第2部分 专题7 动词的时态与语态即学巩固

到乌蒙山区的昭通;从甘肃中部的定西，到内蒙古边陲的阿尔山，看真贫、知真贫，真扶贫、扶真贫，成为“花的精力最多”的事;“扶贫先扶志”“扶贫必扶智”“实施精准扶贫”专题7 动词的时态与语态即学巩固.单句语法填空1(2015北京，22改编)Did you enjoy the party?Yes，We were treated (treat) well by our hosts.解析：根据上下文，这里谈的是举行过的一次聚会，应该用过去时，并且“我们”是被主人招待的，所以需用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：你喜欢这个聚会吗？是的，我们的主人很好地招待了我们。2(2015北京，26改编)In the last few years，China has made (make) great achievements in environmental protection.解析：时间状语in/over the last few years通常与现在完成时连用。句意：在过去的几年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。3(2015北京，30改编)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I will call (call) him later.解析：据第一句的时态判断，Dr. Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话是将来的事。句意：Dr. Jackson现在不在办公室。好的，我待会再给他打。4(2015天津，6改编)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she will be teaching (teach) a class at that time.解析：根据题干时间状语3 oclock this afternoon的提示可知，动作发生时间为将来；而句尾的at that time为一个特定的时间点，因此，该题强调在将来的大时间背景下的某一个特定时间点发生的事，故用将来进行时。5(2015天津，9改编)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached (reach) so far by the two sides.解析：本句中的时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，为现在完成时的标志词。reach no agreement短语中no agreement作主语，reach要用被动，故结合时态可知填has been reached。6(2015陕西，22改编)Marty has been working (work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.解析：由后文提示hell have finished it by Friday可知，work动作发生在过去，延续到现在，现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时态。句意：马蒂一直在非常认真地写书，他认为他在周五前将会完成。7(2015安徽，24改编)Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I had left (leave) my book in the cafe.解析：“我把书忘在了咖啡馆”发生在“我意识到这件事”之前，而“我意识到”是发生在过去的一个动作，故“忘记”应用过去完成时。8(2015安徽，29改编)It is reported that a space station will be built (build) on the moon in years to come.解析：时间状语in years to come(在将来的几年里)，故主语从句的时态用一般将来时；太空站是被建造，用被动语态。9(2015浙江，8改编)Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child，few people guessed that he would be (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.解析：主句时态是过去时，从句动作在过去的时间上看是将来的事情，故用过去将来时。10(2015湖南，22改编)As you go through this book, you will find (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.解析：一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时会出现表示将来时的时间状语，若不出现时间状语，要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现数百万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。11(2015湖南，28改编)He must have sensed that I was looking (look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”解析：题干中没有出现具体的时间状语，可以从意义上去把握。此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是过去进行时。句意：他一定感觉到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么一直那样盯着我看？”12(2015湖南，32改编)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but was held (hold)back thankfully by the shop window.解析：被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。hold back阻隔，隐瞒。句意：我非常想进去玩玩具，但是我幸好被橱窗阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，hold back要用被动语态。13(2015四川，4改编)More expressways will be built (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.解析：根据题干中的时间状语soon可知，用将来时。expressways与build为被动关系，用被动语态。句意：四川不久将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地经济的发展。14(2015重庆，1改编)Is Peter coming?No，he changed (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.解析：句意：Peter来吗？没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute发生在过去，故用一般过去时。15(2015重庆，13改编)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been (be) cut.解析：表示动作已经发生或完成用现在完成时。句意：在我的家乡，收麦过后农民会举行一个丰收晚宴。16(2015福建，26改编)To my delight，I was chosen (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.解析：主语I与choose之间为动宾关系；再由语境可知，choose的动作已经完成，故要用一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：令我高兴的是，我被从数百名参与者中选中参加开幕式。17(2015福建，30改编)Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and has been writing (write) his essay there ever since.解析：由句子中的时间状语ever since可知，本句要用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态。由语境可知，write动作现在还在进行，要用现在完成进行时态。句意：皮特呢？我到处找不到他。他早饭后去图书馆了。自那之后就一直在那儿写文章。18(2015江苏，30改编)The real reason why prices were (be), and still are，too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.解析：根据语境，prices.still are，too high，推出前一空是想说明prices过去也高。故用过去式。该题中still是关键。句意：价格过去高，现在仍旧太高的原因很复杂，短暂的讨论是不能令人满意地解释这个问题的。19The young firefighter insisted that he was (be) wellprepared and (should) be sent (send) there to put out the fire.解析：句意为：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，故第一空填was；当insist意为“坚持”时，从句谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”，又因为firefighter与send之间为被动关系，故填(should) be sent。20Many parents dont want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it was (be) in their school days.解析：句意为：(尽管)许多父母不愿意去面对，但今天的世界与他们在学校的岁月已大不相同。根据语境及时间状语in their school days可知用一般过去时。.语法填空在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Dad quit drinking exactly one year before I was born. He joined a group of other people. He said they 1.had stopped (stop) drinking, too. I loved my dad 2.but I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away from me. It seemed that they were more important to him than I was. But with my birthday coming up I thought Dad 3.would make (make) an exception. I begged him not to miss it but 4.was refused (refuse). He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday. We 5.will have (have) your party on Sunday. Why not come with me together tonight? Its an open meeting. All 6.are (be) welcome.” I agreed. Maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much.After we arrived, Dad announced 7.the theme of the meeting was going to be gratitude. He told his story about giving up smoking. 8.Later (late), a man called Dave also told his story. Only then did I know it was Dad that saved his life 9.from drinking. Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad 10.was changing (change) lives. Shame washed over me.解析：1stop发生在过去动作said之前，故此处填had stopped。2由loved与hated之间的对比判断本空填转折连词but。3根据前面的coming up判断，make是在过去看来将来要发生的动作，故填would make。4句子的主语是I，与refuse之间是被动关系，故填was refused，构成一般过去时的被动语态。5该句是直接引用的，根据this Saturday判断，have是将来的动作，故填will have。6句子是一般现在时，all指代人，故填are。7特指本次会议的主题，故theme前用定冠词。8此处表示“稍后”意义，作状语，故填副词Later。9save.from.“从拯救”，是固定搭配。10此处表示一个逐渐变化的过程，故用进行时，所以本空填was changing。.单句改错1.took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet.答案：introduced前加washe与introduce是被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，故加上was。2Today is Sunday. At about 9：00 am., I go to the bookstore with my friends.答案：gowent由前面提供的时间状语判断句子用一般过去时，故改为went。3Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved.答案：去掉been句子的主语即为非谓语动词see的逻辑主语，二者之间是主动关系，故去掉been，成为现在分词的完成式。4Our city had changed a lot in the last 5 years.答案：hadhas由时间状语in the past 5 years可知句子应该用现在完成时。5. Many overpasses have set up, so it has become very convenient for people to travel.答案：have后加beenoverpasses与动词set up是被动关系，表示“被建立”意义，故句子用现在完成时的被动语态。6In the past, teachers always keep on explaining the points in class.答案：keepkept由时间状语in the past判断句子用一般过去时，故改为过去式kept。7The river was so polluted that it was actually caught fire and burned.答案：去掉第二个wascatch fire没有被动语态。8Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language.答案：wasis根据时间状语nowadays判断句子用一般现在时。9. Last Friday our school was invited a foreign teacher in our city to give a class to the students of Senior Grade Two.答案：去掉was此处表示“我们学校邀请了”，our school与invite是主动关系，故去掉was，句子用一般过去时。10Sometimes he repeated what we dont understand.答案：dontdidnt根据主句时态判断从句也用一般过去时。11(2016新课标)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.答案：usingus