高三英语二轮复习 阅读理解专项 科普说明类（二）教学案

一岗双责落实还不到位。受事务性工作影响，对分管单位一岗双责常常落实在安排部署上、口头要求上，实际督导、检查的少，指导、推进、检查还不到位。装订线科普说明类(二)课题 ：阅读理解：科普说明类(二)教学目标：掌握阅读理解：科普说明类解题技巧.教学重难点：掌握阅读理解：科普说明类解题技巧.教学过程集体备课部分（学生活动部分）个性备课部分/学生记录Task 1【自主学习】 检查晨读内容Task 2【微技能突破】接上【解题思路】第一步速读文章, 找出本篇主题句_第二步对比选项, 确定答案关键词复现: _尝试解答: _【答题技巧】1. 识别题干关键Whats the main idea of the passage/text? Whats the passage/text mainly about? What does the author mainly discuss in the passage/text? 2. “主题句定位”寻主旨概括文章主旨关键在于查找主题句。主题句是文章的核心, 具有明确的概括性。主题句的位置一般有以下几种: 主题句出现在文首。开门见山, 提出主题, 用细节来解释或发展主题句所表达的主题思想, 是最常见的演绎法写作方式。新闻报道、说明文或议论文通常采用这种写法。主题句出现在文末。在表述细节后, 归纳要点以概括主题, 是最常见的归纳法写作方式。主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结束时再次点出主题。主题句出现在中间。写作方式为: 细节描述归纳主题进一步解释。3. 掌握找主题句的五个窍门首段转折处常为文章主题句; 主题句常包含文章主题词; 主题句常是定义型或总结型的句子; 首段出现疑问句时, 对该问题的回答可能是主题句; 首段出现具体例子或假设时, 例子或假设后面的内容可能是主题句。考点2 总结段落大意类【典例】(2016浙江高考C片段) . . . Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effortthe desire to explore, explain, and understand our worldis simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution(进化)provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive(认知的)systems that 集体备课部分（学生活动部分）个性备课部分/学生记录装订线 make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children. ”. . . Q: What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The world may be more clearly explained through childrens play. B. _may lead to a better understanding of_. C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists. D. Ones drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows. 【解题思路】第一步读本段文字, 试找出本段的主题句, 并标出能总结段落大意的关键词。_第二步根据该题选项的特点以及找到的主题句补全选项B。_may lead to a better understanding of _. 尝试解答: _【答题技巧】1. 识别题干关键The main idea of the. . . paragraph is probably_. The. . . paragraph talks about_. Whats Paragraph. . . mainly about? 2. “首尾兼顾”定选项每个段落通常都有一个中心, 段落中心通常会在段首句体现出来。有些采用归纳法的段落, 细节表述在前, 归纳概括在后, 段落中心会在段尾句体现。注意某些段落没有明显的段落中心, 需根据段落内容概括出中心。考点3 归纳文章标题类【典例】(2015江苏高考C) Suppose you become a leader in an organization. Its very likely that you want to have volunteers to help with the organizations activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work. Lets begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract. People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs.Unfortunately these programs can shift peoples wishof participation from an internal factor(e. g. , “I volunteer because its important to me”)to an external factor (e. g. , “I volunteer because I am required to do so”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make vo