中考英语话题二十自然试题

到乌蒙山区的昭通;从甘肃中部的定西，到内蒙古边陲的阿尔山，看真贫、知真贫，真扶贫、扶真贫，成为“花的精力最多”的事;“扶贫先扶志”“扶贫必扶智”“实施精准扶贫”话题二十自然(Nature).完形填空A(2016济宁改编)Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200 kilometers north of Brisbane. Its about 120 kilometers _1_ and 240 kilometers wide. It is a very important island _2_ it is completely made of sand. _3_， it is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast. _4_ arrive and leave from here.The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand called sandblows. Nothing grows on _5_. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island, _6_ bigger and bigger. At other places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge, The Cathedrals and Red Canyon, the sandy rocks have different _7_. Sometimes the rocks are so brown that they _8_ the sea brown, like coffee.Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark _9_eucalyptus (桉树) woods, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes. There are many kinds of birds, like owls(猫头鹰) and curlews(麻鹬). There are many _10_ there, too, such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes.About 500，000 people _11_ the island every year to see the islands beauty and nature. People enjoy camping and hiking(徒步旅行) there. _12_， the visitors cause problems. They damage(破坏) plants and make animals feel afraid. Their sun cream(防晒霜) makes the water _13_. So it is _14_ to manage the visitor. For example, people may not use motor boats _15_ go fishing in the lakes, and they need official papers(官方文件) to drive there.(B)1.A.fat Blong Cshort Dthin (D)2.A.when Bafter Cbefore Dbecause (C)3.A.In the end BIn publicCIn fact DIn total(D)4.A.Cars BBoats CBuses DPlanes(D)5.A.it Bhim Cher Dthem(C)6.A.smelling BlookingCgetting Dtasting (B)7.A.sizes Bcolors Cprices Dsubjects(A)8.A.turn Bbecome Cdraw Drecall(C)9.A.mountains Brocks Cforests Dclouds(B)10.A.plants Banimals Cfruits Dvegetables (D)11.A.buy Bspread Cincrease Dvisit(A)12.A.Unluckily BSuddenlyCFinally DLuckily (C)13.A.clean Bfresh Cdirty Dfascinating(B)14.A.impossible Bnecessary Cpopular Dpolite(A)15.A.or Bso Cand Dbut 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的弗雷泽沙岛的自然风貌。弗雷泽沙岛完全由沙子做成，是世界上最大的沙岛。岛上风景优美，动植物繁多，每年约50万人到岛上游玩。然而沙岛也面临很多问题：如游客破坏植物、防晒霜把水变脏等等。【答案精析】1B考查形容词辨析。fat“胖的”；long“长的”；short“短的；矮的”； thin“瘦的”。由“and 240 kilometers wide”可知是指岛的长度。故选B。2D考查连词辨析。when“当时候”；after“在之后”；before“在前”；because“因为”。分析句子可知“It is a very important island”的原因是“it is completely made of sand”。故选D。3C考查介词短语辨析。in the end“最后”；in public“公开地”；in fact“实际上”；in total“总共”。由后半句“it is the largest sand island in the world”可知此空表示“实际上”。故选C。4D考查名词辨析。car“车”；boat“小船”；bus“公共汽车”；plane“飞机”。由前句中的“There is no airport on the island”可知是指飞机。故选D。5D考查代词辨析。由上文“There are hills made of sand called sandblows.”可知此空指的是名叫sandblows的hills。故选D。6C考查动名词辨析。smelling“闻”；looking“看”；getting“变得”；tasting“品尝”。由上文的“move one or two meters a year”和空格后的“bigger and bigger”可知是指“变得”。故选C。7B考查名词辨析。size“尺寸”；color“颜色”；price“价格”；subject“科目，主题”。由后句“Sometimes the rocks are so brown”可知这里是指颜色。故选B。8A考查动词辨析。turn“使变得”；become“变成”；draw“画”；recall“回忆”。由“like coffee”可知褐色的岩石把海水都变成了褐色。故选A。9C考查名词辨析。mountain“山”；rock“岩石”；forest“森林”；cloud“云”。由空格后的“eucalyptu(桉树) woods”可知是指“森林”。故选C。10B考查名词辨析。plant“植物”；animal“动物”；fruit“水果”；vegetable“蔬菜”。由“such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes”可知是指“动物”。故选B。11D考查动词辨析。buy“买”；spread“展开”；increase“增长”；visit“参观”。由句中“to see the islands beauty and nature”可知是指“参观”这个岛。故选D。12A考查副词辨析。unluckily“不幸地”；suddenly“突然地”；finally“最后”；luckily“幸运地”。由后句“They damage(破坏) plants and make animals feel afraid.”可知“不幸的”是这些游客带来了麻烦。故选A。13C考查形容词辨析。clean“干净的”；fresh“新鲜的”；dirty“脏的”；fascinating“迷人的”。上文提到游客带来麻烦，由此可知是防晒霜污染了水。故选C。14B考查形容词辨析。impossible“不可能的”；necessary“必需的”；popular“流行的”；polite“有礼貌的”。由“and they need official papers(官方文件) to drive there”可知是指“有必要”对游客进行管理。故选B。15A考查连词辨析。or“或者”；so“所以”；and“并且”；but“但是”。由“may not”可知是否定句，在否定句中连接两个并列的成分常用or。故选A。B (2016白银改编) 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。cutsizeandtheylaycolour guardsmelllargebuildAnts Everywhere!You can find ants in lots of different places. You can find them in the grass 1 and dirt(灰尘) in your yard. You can find them on trees and in your home.Ants can be different 2 colours. They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow. Ants have two antennae(触须) that they use to touch and 3 smell.What Do Ants Look Like?Ants are insects. 4 Their bodies have three parts, and they have six strong legs. Some ants have large, strong jaws(颚). They use their jaws 5 to_cut food and to fight. Ants can be tiny or large. Some big ants are as 6 large as a paper clip(夹子). Ants are very strong for their 7 size. Groups of AntsMost ants 8 build nests under or on tops of the ground. Different ants in the nest have different jobs. The queen ant 9 lays all the eggs. Some worker ants take care of the eggs and baby ants. Some worker ants get food. Soldier ants 10 guard the nest. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了蚂蚁的生活习性、颜色、外形以及蚁群的不同分工。【答案精析】1and分析句子可知，空格前的名词“grass”和空格后的名词“dirt”是并列关系。故填and。2colours由空格前的“different”可知此空填名词。结合备选单词及后句“They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow.”可知是指“颜色”。因不止一种颜色，故应填复数colours。3smell由空格前的“touch”和“and”可知此空填动词。结合备选项及常识可知蚂蚁的触须是触摸和嗅觉气味的工具。故填smell。4Their分析句子成分可知，此空作定语，要用形容词或形容词性物主代词。结合备选单词及“Ants are insects.”可知是指“它们的身体”。故填Their，注意句首单词首字母要大写。5to cut空格后的food是名词，此空要填动词。结合备选单词及语境“颚是用来切割食物和打架”确定用cut。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。故填to cut。6large由系动词are可确定as.as中间要用形容词的原级。再由big确定此空要填large。7size由空格前的“their”可确定此处要填名词。结合备选单词及语境可知填size。8build空格后的“nests”是名词，此空要填动词，“筑巢”用动词build。主语ants是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填build。9lays表示“下蛋”用lay。主语“The queen ant”是第三人称单数，故要填lay的第三人称单数lays。10guard兵蚁“守卫”巢穴，应用guard。主语“Soldier ants”是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填guard。.阅读理解A(2016广州改编)Jellyfish and Crocodiles (水母和鳄鱼)Hi, my names Ben. My family, thats Mum, Dad and me, live in Broome in Western Australia. Western Australia is about 80 times larger than Italy, but only 1.5 million people live there.Broome is a town in the north of Western Australia. It has a population of about 12，000. Its right on the coast and is known for its famous Cable Beach, which is 20 km long.We live in the town in a house with a large garden. At weekends I often go fishing or swimming with my friends or my parents. We drive to Cable Beach and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish. We dont go swimming from October to March because there may be box jellyfish in the water. The box jellyfish is one of the most dangerous jellyfish.In Australia, they kill up to 65 people a year. If you are attacked by one, the best thing to do is to pour vinegar(醋) over the area of your body where you are hurt. Thats why we always take a bottle of vinegar with us.Another dangerous animal in Western Australia is the saltwater crocodile. A year ago I went camping in the bush(灌木丛) with my friend Bill and his dad. We wanted to do some fishing and set up camp about 20 metres from a river. Suddenly, at 3 oclock in the morning, we felt something pulling on our tent. Bills father told us to get up and we quickly got out of the tent and ran to the car, which was only 10 metres away.Bills dad started the car and turned on the headlights. In the light, we could see a big crocodile pulling the tent into the river! (C)1.Why doesnt the writer go swimming from October to March?ABecause it is very cold during these months.BBecause he lives far from the beach.CBecause there may be dangerous jellyfish in the water.DBecause he doesnt like to swim during these months.(B)2.What does the underlined word “attacked” mean?AKicked. BHurt.CDiscovered. DBurned.(D)3.What does the underlined word “which” refer to in Paragraph 5?AThe bush. BThe tent.CThe river. DThe car.(D)4.Which of the following is true?AIn Australia people never take a bottle of vinegar with them.BBroome is a town with a population of 1.5 million.CWe go to Cable Beach by bus and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish.DThe crocodile is pulling our tent at 3 oclock in the morning.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了作者对澳大利亚两种危险的动物水母和鳄鱼的认识以及自身的一些经历。【答案精析】1C细节理解题。由第三段第四、五句“We dont go swimming from October to March because there may be box jellyfish in the water. The box jellyfish is one of the most dangerous jellyfish.”可知选C。2B词义猜测题。由后半句“the best thing to do is to pour vinegar(醋) over the area of your body where you are hurt”可知这里是指被水母“伤害或攻击了”，故选B。2D单词指代题。由前半句“Bills father told us to get up and we quickly got out of the tent and ran to the car”可知which在此是指“汽车”。故选D。4D推理判断题。由第四段最后一句“Thats why we always take a bottle of vinegar with us.”可知A项错误；由第二段第一、二句“Broome is a town in the north of Western Australia. It has a population of about 12，000”可知B项错误；由第三段第三句“We drive to Cable Beach and look for a quiet place to swim or to fish.”可知C项错误；由第五段第四句“Suddenly, at 3 oclock in the morning, we felt something pulling on our tent.”以及文章最后一句“In the light, we could see a big crocodile pulling the tent into the river！”可确定凌晨三点时鳄鱼正在拖我们的帐篷。故选D。B请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。SunflowerYou cant look at sunflowers and feel sad. Their big faces almost seem to be smiling at you on a summer day as they slowly turn toward the sun. 1_D_They also provide food for bees，birds and squirrels(松鼠) and many other small animals that love to eat the seeds(种子)2_A_ People love them, too. You can find bags of them in the stores. They tell you what kind of seeds they are and how they should be planted.There are hundreds of different kinds of sunflowers. 3_E_ They grow to over 10 feet tall and produce big round heads with bright yellow petals(花瓣) that are over a foot across. They grow on strong thick stems(茎) with big heartshaped leaves. 4_G_ Other kinds of sunflowers, called dwarf, produce small stems and smaller flowers in colors such as light yellow and deep bright orange or red.5_B_ People there love sunflowers so much, so they named their place“Sunflower”There are sunflowers everywhere.ASunflower seeds arent only delicious to animals.BSunflower is also a place in America.CA bee sits on a sunflower in the garden.DThe flowers can make people happy.EThe biggest ones are Mammoth Russians.FI think the sunflower is the most beautiful.GThe ripe(成熟的) seed heads sometimes get so heavy that they hang down(挂下来)【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了向日葵的重要性、外形、果实和种类。此外，还介绍了美国一个叫Sunflower的地方，那里到处都种植向日葵。【答案精析】1D由空格前句“Their big faces almost seem to be smiling at you on a summer day as they slowly turn toward the sun.”可知向日葵能使人开心。七个选项中只有D项含有此意。故选D。2A由空格前句“They also provide food for bees, birds and squirrels(松鼠) and many other small animals that love to eat the seeds(种子)”可知一些小动物喜欢吃葵花籽。再由空格后“People love them, too.”确定A项“葵花籽不仅仅对动物来说是美味”是正确答案。3E空格前句说到了有数百种不同的向日葵，后句又提到了“They grow to over 10 feet tall and produce big round heads with bright yellow petals(花瓣) that are over a foot across.”，再结合所给选项可知此空是指最大的向日葵。故选E。4G前两句说到花瓣和茎，接下去应该介绍种子了。故选G。5B由下句“People there love sunflowers so much, so they named their place Sunflower.”可知Sunflower也是个地名。故选B。.补全对话请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容补上所缺的句子，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。(每空一句)(Two children are in the zoo.)W：Here are the elephants. 1_Are_they_the_largest_animals_on_land?M：Yes, they are the largest animals on land. W：2_How_much_food_does_an_adult_elephant_eat_a_day?M：An adult