高考英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 unit 3 inventors and inventions题型组合课时练 新人教版选修

到乌蒙山区的昭通;从甘肃中部的定西，到内蒙古边陲的阿尔山，看真贫、知真贫，真扶贫、扶真贫，成为“花的精力最多”的事;“扶贫先扶志”“扶贫必扶智”“实施精准扶贫”Unit 3 Inventors and inventions A(2017河南省八市高三检测)Ever since Grumpy Cat first appeared online，the Internet cant get enough of herBut attention is not the only thing that this cat is getting.Her fortune is estimated at $100 million，more than many famous actors and musicians earn.So how did it all start?Grumpy Cats owner Tabatha Bundesen was working as a waitress when her brother Bryan decided to take a photo of her funnylooking cat and post it on Reddit，a social news site.In a matter of hours，she became a sensation (轰动)It got 1 million views on Imgur in 48 hours.Grumpy Cats real name is Tardar Sauce and she actually has a condition called dwarfism，which makes her constantly frowning.But that unique frown turned out to be worth millions of dollars.Tabatha，who lives in Arizona in the US，isnt complaining.She still remembers that September 22，2012，when her life turned upside down.Since her cat became a worldwide phenomenon，she was able to quit her job and devote her life to managing her cats modeling career.Sounds unbelievable，but its true.She says that her only job now is to book Tardars photo shoots, commercials (商业广告)，and other appearances.What are the other benefits of owning a milliondollar cat?Apart from not having to work，Tabatha can travel all the time.She has time and money to visit her family more often and enjoy her life.She never could have imagined just how huge her cat would become，but she always knew Tardar was very special.And she is glad to see her cat bringing joy to so many people around the world.As for the millions of dollars Tardar has earned，they come from all the products，commercials and a bestselling book.She even has her own movie Grumpy Cats Worst Christmas Ever.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了Grumpy Cat和她的主人Tabatha Bundesen的相关情况。1What does the underlined part “the Internet cant get enough of her” mean?AThe Internet cant stand her any more.BThe Internet cant pay more attention to her.CPeople dont focus on her any longer on the Internet.DThe Internet cant find enough information about her.B推理判断题。根据画线句后的“But attention is not the only thing that this cat is getting.”可知，这只猫得到的不仅仅是关注。由此可推断出，“the Internet cant get enough of her”的意思为：这只猫在网络上得到了很大的关注。故选B。2What made Grumpy Cat become famous?AHer unusual appearance.BHer bad temper.CHer short and fat body.DHer unique fur.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“take a photo of her funnylooking cat”和第五段中的“which makes her constantly frowning.But that unique frown”可知，是这只猫特别的长相使她出名了。故选A。3About Tabatha Bundesen，we know that Ashe now works as a waitressBshe feels very tired of her famous catCshe only manages her cats modeling careerDshe is too busy to go home to visit her parentsC细节理解题。根据第七段第一句中的“she was able to quit her job and devote her life to managing her cats modeling career”可知，选C。4The general idea of the last paragraph is Ahow the cat can become so famousBhow the cat can make so much moneyCwhat the film about the cat is namedDhow the cats owner spends so much moneyB段落大意题。文章最后一段的内容告诉我们Tardar是如何赚如此多的钱的。故选B。B(2017东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)Try rubbing (摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket.It should become hot.In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm.The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called “friction (摩擦力)”In the same way，people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.This was a difficult way of making fire.Better ways were found by using flint (火石)，but it was not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England.Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match.The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus (磷)，a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly.The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper，the friction easily set the phosphorus alight.These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces，including the leather sole (鞋底) of a shoe.At the time，everyone thought this was a wonderful invention.Unfortunately accidents happened.A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated.Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket！Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire.What was needed was a match that would only light if struck on a special surface.In 1852，the safety match was invented in Sweden.No phosphorus was used in the match headit was put on the outside of the matchbox instead.This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了火柴的发明过程。5Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood?AThe leaves or grass is easy to be alight.BThe leaves or grass covered the wood well.CThe leaves or grass helped the air cause heat.DThe leaves or grass acted as the role of a match.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the same way，people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.”可知，与天气冷时人们摩擦取暖一样，住山洞的人用干燥的树叶和草是因为它们容易擦燃。故选A。6What was the match made of in 1827?ALeather soles，sandpaper and leaves.BWood，leather soles and sandpaper.CPhosphorus，wood and sandpaper.DPhosphorus，sandpaper and flint.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus (磷).The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper.”可知，当时火柴中含有phosphorus，wood和sandpaper。故选C。7If we used the safety match，we could see Aloose matches could catch fire fiercelyBphosphorus wasnt needed inside matchboxesCthere were matches and sandpaper in matchboxesDthe special surface containing sandpaper and phosphorusD推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.”可知，我们能看到火柴盒特殊的表面上含砂纸和磷。故选D。.完形填空(2017太原高三四校联考)Ann worked for a big company.One of the duties of her 1 was to go to the post office every day and 2 the company mail.One day in December，she 3 a beggar making himself up as a Santa Claus 4 on the corner of the street.Each day she 5 her coins and dropped them in his bowl.He would smile and 6 her a Merry Christmas.At night the temperature dropped below 0 ，but the Santa Claus 7 stood in the cold wind. 8 she dropped her coins into his bowl，she handed him a pair of gloves.A week later，a(n) 9 Santa Claus was standing there.“What happened to the other Santa Claus？” she asked. He told her，“Hes very 10 today.” She prayed for his health.Later that day，a colleague came into her office 11 “I dont know what Im going to do.” “Whats wrong？” she asked.“Its my exhusband，” her colleague 12 ，“I dont have any money to buy my boys anything for Christmas， 13 my exhusband refuses to send money to them.It breaks my heart that they wont have anything this year.” The lady 14 her colleague，“Im sure everything will 15 Its Christmas.Believe in miracles(奇迹)”That evening，she told her husband about her colleagues 16 ，“I know we dont have much money to 17 ，but Id like to give her fifty or a hundred dollars.Well just get ourselves less this year.Last year we couldnt afford to buy anything for 18 but we still had a wonderful Christmas.”Her husband smiled，“Give her one hundred dollars.She needs it more than we do.”She reached up and held him.Warmth spread 19 her body.He held her and realized that there really was a Santa Clausand he had 20 her!【语篇解读】本文讲述了Ann总是给那位打扮成圣诞老人的乞丐钱，也热心帮助同事。她的丈夫支持她并感慨Ann是真正的“圣诞老人”。1A.familyBjobClifeDreligionB根据上句“Ann worked for a big company.”可知，本处意为“她的工作(job)职责之一是去邮局取回公司的邮件”。故选B。2A.receiveBgo throughCanswerDpick upD参见上题解析。receive“收到”；go through“经历”；answer“回答”；pick up“取回，接收”。故选D。3A.spottedBwatchedCsensedDfollowedA12月的一天，她发现一个打扮成圣诞老人的乞丐站在街角。spot“发现，看见”；watch“注视”；sense“意识到”；follow“跟随”。故选A。4A.standingBwaitingCplayingDperformingA参见上题解析。第二段的“the Santa Claus 7 stood in the cold wind”也是提示。5A.earnedBcountedCsavedDthrewC每天，她总是省下钱来，给那位打扮成圣诞老人的乞丐。earn“挣得”；count“计数”；save“节省”；throw“投，掷”。故选C。倒数第二段的“we dont have much money”也是提示。6A.sendBwishCofferDtellB他会微笑并祝福(wish)她圣诞快乐。故选B。7A.evenBjustCstillDyetC晚上温度降到了零下，但是乞丐仍然(still)在冷风中站着。故选C。8A.AlthoughBIfCSinceDAfterD她把硬币放在乞丐的碗里之后，又给了他一副手套。after“在之后”。故选D。9A.honestBnewCconsiderateDstrongB根据下句的“What happened to the other Santa Claus？”可知，一位新的(new)圣诞老人站在那里。故选B。10A.sadBpoorCcoldDsickD根据下句“She prayed for his health.”可知，那位乞丐生病(sick)了。故选D。11A.in tearsBin shockCin horrorDin troubleA根据下文的“It breaks my heart”可知，此处应选A。in tears“哭泣，流泪”；in shock“震惊地”；in horror“惊恐地”；in trouble“处于困境中”。故选A。12A.concludedBdecidedCcontinuedDcommentedC本空前后都是同事在讲述她自己的情况，因此应为“她继续(continued)说”，选C。13A.orBbutCsoDotherwiseB“我没钱给孩子们买圣诞礼物，但是前夫又拒绝给他们钱。”上下句之间为转折关系，应用连词but。故选B。14A.remindedBamusedCteasedDcomfortedD同事心里难受，Ann安慰(comforted)她。故选D。remind“提醒”；amuse“使开心”；tease“戏弄”。15A.work outBcome backCrun outDopen upA她安慰同事：“我相信一切都会解决的，这是圣诞节，要相信奇迹会发生。”work out“解决”；come back“回来”；run out“用完”；open up“出现”。故选A。16A.messageBsuggestionCsituationDexampleC那天晚上，她将同事的情况告诉了丈夫。message“信息”；suggestion“建议”；situation“情况”；example“例子”。故选C。17A.lendBhelpCloseDpayB“我知道我们没有太多钱帮(help)她。”故选B。18A.ourselvesBthemselvesCusDothersA“去年我们没给自己(ourselves)买任何东西