高考英语冲刺导练（23）

“讲忠诚、严纪律、立政德”三者相互贯通、相互联系。忠诚是共产党人的底色，纪律是不能触碰的底线，政德是必须修炼的素养。永葆底色、不碰底线天津市耀华中学2017届高考英语冲刺导练（23） 【读写应用综合训练】一、完形填空Cloze III 记叙文Narration _1精选 A Leap to Honor 政德才能立得稳、立得牢。要深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平总书记关于“立政德”的重要论述，深刻认识新时代立政德的重要性和紧迫性。Leaping on a narrow balance beam (平衡木) is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it.To perfect her skills, Lola 36 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls.Thats especially impressive, 37 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly. She often sees double and cant 38 how far away things are.When she was little, her mom 39 that even though she couldnt see 40 , she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the 41 right away and gymnastics became her favorite.Though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesnt let her 43 stop her from doing anything that she wants to.She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest 44 is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 45 your mind that itll take you where you want to go.” says Lola.To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most 46 for anyone because its four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didnt fall 47 the beam. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10-her highest score yet.Lola doesnt want to be 48 differently from the other girls on her team. At the competitions, the judges dont know about her vision 49 . She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her 50 attitude.Lola never thinks about 51 . She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 52 is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what shes learned to other kids 53 she grows up.Lola is 54 of all her hard work and success. She says its helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her 55 for others is “just believe in yourself”.36. A. runsB. teachesC. trainsD. dances37. A. sinceB. unless C. afterD. though38. A. tellB. guess C. assume D. predict39. A. suspectedB rememberedC. imaginedD. noticed40. A. deeplyB. wellC. aheadD. closely41. A. taskB. sportC. eventD. show42. A. boringB. enjoyable C. difficult D. satisfactory43. A. talentB. quality SC. natureD. condition44. A. doubtB. advantage C. challenge D. progress45. A. examineB. expressC. openD. trust46. A. fearfulB. harmful C. unfair D. inconvenient47. A. toB. onC. offD. against48. A. greetedB. treated C. servedD. paid49. A. painsB. stresses C. injuriesD. problems50. A. positive B. friendly C. flexibleD. cautious51. A. defendingB. quitting C. winningD. bargaining52. A. standardB. rangeC. viewD. goal53. A. untilB. asC. whenD. before54. A. proudB. tiredC. ashamedD. confident55. A. planB. adviceC. reward D. responsibility二、阅读理解Reading Comprehension 阅读微技能 Micro Reading Skills解析与训练 系列 9微技能9：了解重点细节Key Details阅读篇章多数内容都是具体信息。对于一些需要特别关注的信息，也都有重要的细节信息作为支持来表达清楚。因此，阅读中对重点细节的关注和理解是达到很好的理解的重要途径。高中的阅读理解题目中细节推段题的比重要远远超过其他的类型的题目，占阅读的50%以上，也不都是简单题，应给予足够的重视。具体细节的理解是对学生获取文章表层和隐含信息的高级阅读能力的一种检验和考查。主要考查考生信息定位能力、细节理解和分析能力。解题是注意审读题目，划出关键词，然后到原文中寻找答案。将原文和选项进行对比，利用排除法快速确定正确选项。每道阅读理解题都会给出四个备选答案，而这正是出题者已经推好的结论，真正要求我们做的不是推理，而是检验各个选项的合理程度。解题时不要脱离文章的主线，要对文章的整体线索要有所把握。正确选项的特征：一般是换用不同的词、词组、短语、句型、或其它不同的表达方式来表达文段中某一相应的词、词组、短语、句型或表达方式所表达的同一意思，以此来考察读者对文段中某一信息的理解。解答这类阅读理解题尤其要求我们熟练掌握所学范围内的词汇、短语、句型及其意义和用法。干扰项的特征：1.将原文内容扩大或缩小；2.把未然当已然；3.无中生有。4.偷换概念；5.文不对题。 解题注意：1仔细读题干，确定考查什么，到原文快速搜索相关信息，对信息进行处理！切忌：2忌主观臆断！ Passage1 2016北京卷ADear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up, I had people telling me I was too slow, though, with an IQ of 150 at 17, Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed. In high school, I became curious about the computer, and built my first website. Moreover, I completed the senior course of Computer Basics, plus five relevant pre-college courses.While I was exploring my curiosity, my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school, but couldnt. So, I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.Since then, I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics. Currently, Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper, covered in self-written notes from your video. This has given me a purpose.Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. Luckily, I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession, without going to college, and be just as good as, if not better than, my competitors. Thank you. Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart. For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours,Tanis56. Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school? A. She had learned enough about computer scienceB. She had more difficulty keeping focused C. She preferred taking online coursesD. She was too slow to learn57. As for the working environment, Tanis prefers_. A .working by herselfB. dealing with the public C. competing against othersD. staying with ADHD students58.Tanis wrote this letter in order to_. A. explain why she was interested in the computer B. share the ideas she had for her profession C .show how grateful she was to the center D. describe the courses she had taken so far Passage 2 2016浙江卷 CA scientist working at her lab bench and a six-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. After all, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world, and the baby is, well, just playingright? Perhaps, but some developmental psychologists have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge, it falls in the groundand, in the process, it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact ; bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit, but require support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe; nor are they ever clearly taught it. Instead, babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact. Though their ranges and tools differ, the babys investigation and the scientists experiment appear to share the same aim (to learn about the natural world), overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world), and logic (are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this waythat they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering, and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, for example, unlike the child , Mommy actually doesnt like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws on how children learn ,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effortthe desire to explore, explain, and understand our worldis simply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. The same cognitive systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As some psychologists put it, ”It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.” 50. According to some developmental psychologists, _. A. a babys play is nothing more than a game. B. scientific research into babies; games is possible C. the nature of babies play has been thoroughly investigated D. a babys play is somehow similar to a scientists experiment51.We learn from Paragraph 2 that _. A. scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently B. scientists and babies often interact with each other C. babies are born with the knowledge of object support D. babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52. Children may learn the rules of language by _. A. exploring the physical world B. investigating human psychology C. repeating their own experiments D. observing their parents behaviors53. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. The world may be more clearly explained through childrens play. B. Studying babies play may lead to a better understanding of science. C. Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists. D. Ones drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.54. What is the authors tone when he discusses the connection between scientists research and babies play? A. Convincing. B. Confused. C. Confident. D. Cautious. Test训练 AFrom the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they know all the words they are reading. This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started, I said to them, Now Im going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, thats enough for me. Also Im not going to ask you what words mean. The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, Mr Holt, do you really mean that? I said just as seriously, I mean every word of it. During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, It cant be, and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with woodcuts. I said, Dont you find parts of it rather heavy going? She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of understanding that can be dug out of a book.41. According to the passage, childrens fear and dislike of books may result from _. A. reading little and thinking little B. reading often and adventurously C. being made to read too muchD. being made to read aloud before others42. The teacher told his students to read _. A. for enjoyment B. for knowledge C. for a larger vocabulary D. for higher scores in exams43. Upon hearing the teachers talk, the children probably felt that_. A. it sounded stupidB. it was not surprising at all C. it sounded too good to be trueD. it was no different from other teachers talk44. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage? A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading. B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks. C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books. D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.45. From the teachers point of view, _. A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school D. reading involves understanding every little piece of informationBGraphs can be a very useful tool for conveying information, especially numbers, percentages, and other data. A graph gives the reader a picture to interpret. That can be a lot more efficient than pages and pages explaining the data.Graphs can seem frightening, but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story. The graph has a title, a main idea, and supporting details. You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text. Number of Students Grade EarnedGraph 1. Student Performance on Social Studies QuizMost graphs have a few basic parts: a caption or introduction paragraph, a title, a legend or key, and labeled axes. An active reader looks at each part of the graph before trying to interpret the data. Captions will usually tell you where the data from(for example, a scientific study of 400 African elephants from 1980 to 2005). Captions usually summarize the authors main point as well. The title is very important. It tells you the main idea of the graph by stating what kind of information is being shown. A legend, also called a key, is a guide to the symbols and colors used in the graph. Many graphs, including bar graphs and line graphs, have two axes that form a corner. Usually these axes are the left side and the bottom of the graph. Each axis will always have a label tells you what each axis measures. Bar Graphs A bar graph has two axes and uses bars to show amounts. In Graph 1, we see that the x-axis shows grades students earned, and the y-axis shows how many students earned each grade. You can see that 6 students earned an A because the bar for A stretches up to 6 on the vertical measurement. There is a lot of information we can get from a simple graph like this (See Graph 1). Line Graphs A line graph looks similar to a bar graph, but instead of bars, it plots points and connects them with a line. It has the same parts as a bar graph-two labeled axes-and can be read the same way. To read a line graph, its important to focus on the points of intersection rather than the line segments between the points. This type of graph is most commonly used to show how something changes over time. Here is a graph that charts how far a bird flies during the first five days of its spring migration (See Graph 2).The unit of measurement for the x-axis is days. The unit of measurement for the y-axis is kilometers. Thus we can see that, on the first day, the pipit flew 20 kilometers. The line segment goes up between Day 1 and Day 2, which means that the bird flew farther on Day 2. If the line segment angled down, as between Day 4 and Day 5, it would mean that the bird flew fewer kilometers than the day before. This line graph is a quick, visual way to tell the reader about the birds migration.Pie GraphsA typical pie graph looks like a circular pie. The circle is divided into sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data. The graph is commonly used to show percentages; the whole pie represents 100 percent, so each piece is a fraction of the whole.A pie graph might include a legend, or it might use icons or labels within each slice. This pie graph shows one months expenses(See Graph 3). Food $25Movies $12 Clothing $36 Savings $20 Books $746. When used in a graph, a legend is _. A. a guide to the symbols and colors B. an introduction paragraph C. the main idea D. the data47. What is the total number of students who earned a C or better? A. 4.B. 6.C. 10. D. 20.48. The bird covered the longest distance on _. A. Day 1. B. Day 2.C. Day 3. D. Day 4.49. Which of the following cost Amy most? A. Fo