伊朗的消费者保护法穆岚.pptx

消费（者）保护法 伊朗消费（者）保护法 消费者的权益 简要消费者的权益包括： - 被告知完整和可靠的信息的权利， -选择的权利， -享受安全的权利， -和由政府支持的权利。 Consumers rights in brief include: -The right of being informed by complete and reliable information, -The right of choosing, -The right of enjoying safety, -And the right of being supported by government. 伊朗消费保护法的基本原则 保护消费者和生产者组织（the Organization for the Protection of Consumers and Producers），隶属于商 务部。 OPCP的主要职能是： 一）保护和促进国内生产 二）保护消费者免受价格异常波动的影响; 三）监控，调整和控制的产品和服务的价格; protecting and promoting domestic production; protecting consumers against unusual price fluctuations; monitoring, adjusting and controlling the price of products and services; 有关消费（者）保护的法律 一）生产者和消费者保护法 二）市场管制条例（ Market control regulations ） 三）检验机构的监管商品服务的价格与分配规则（ inspection agencys rules on monitoring price and distribution of goods and services ） 四）政府罚款法（governmental penalty law) 五）贸易法 (trade law) 消费者保护组织，隶属于商务部。它的义务： 1- 补贴基本商品（Subsidies of basic commodities ）。 2-收到来自政府资助，以补贴某些商品（Receive a margin for subsidizing certain goods）。 政府罚款组织（1988）隶属于司法部。它的义务是 ，执行处罚规定。 In Iran the major law governing the consumer protection is Consumer Protection Act of 1986 - - Under this law, Separate Consumer tribunals have been set up throughout in each and every district in which a consumer can file his complaint on a simple paper without paying any court-fees and his complaint will be decided by the Local Officer of the District. 货物和服务供应商的职责 根据伊朗的消费者保护法，第二章，第2条，所有货物和服务供应商 ， 单独或共同负责有关商品的安全，以符合该法规定的标准或 条件或者交易中的一般法律。 如果交易是大的，如果货物出现任何短少，或者不符合约定的条件 ，客户有权要求符合合同的替代履行，供应商必须提供它。 Article 2 all goods and service presenters, individually or in common, are responsible for safety of presented goods and services conforming of criteria and situations inserted in arrangement or conforming of common law in transactions. If the subject of transaction includes a great package, in case of observing a deficiency or disconformities of goods with distinct situations, customer is entitled the right of claiming an intact exchange and the seller must ensure that. 如果交易是小的，客户可以终止交易、替代履行或者返还价款， 卖方有义务支付。 如果交易被终止有客户，供应商不要赔偿损失。 If the subject of transaction includes a slight package, customer can annul the transaction, reclaim an intact goods or its cost and the seller has to pay that. In case of annulling the transaction from customer, presenter is exempt of paying any compensation . 第2条，第1款， 如果损失的原因是由于不足或者缺斤少两，并 且供应商也知道，除了赔偿还将被判处本法所规定的处罚。 If damage is caused by a deficiency or low quality and the presenter knows the matter, in addition to compensation of damage, he/she will be sentenced to a punishment according to law. 根据伊朗的消费者保护法，第3 条，第1款，货物和服 务供应商必须提供担保和销售发票。销售发票包括 货物或服务的价格及销售日期。 goods and services presenters and producers have to present a guaranty accompanying a sale bill in which the cost of goods and fees of services and date of sale is written. 本法第3条，第2款，所有的信息，包括商品的类型、 质量、数量、功能、出厂日期、过期时间应该被告 知消费者。 all necessary information concerning the type, the quality, the quantity, the pre consuming information, the date of issue and expire should be dedicated to customers. 第3条，第3 款，商品和服的供应商和生产商，必 须向消费者展示样品。 但如果不可能在销售地 展出，必须向消费者提供商品的完整信息。 a model of goods should be expose to exhibition of customers. If there is not any possibility of exhibition in selling place, complete information of goods should be given to customers. 第3条，第3款，第1条，禁止搭售。 forcing sale of goods or a service accompanying other goods and services is forbidden. 销售发票 资本货物生产者的职责 根据伊朗的消费者保护法第二章，第4条，所有供应商，包 括资本货物的进口商（importer）或生产者，包括汽车 （载货或载物），工农业车辆，道路建筑设施，家具和 设备，电器及电子产品，音频、视频和通信设备，应该 设有官方代表授权的维修店，提供备件和售后服务。 4- all presenters including producers and importers of capital goods such as machineries (passenger car or cargo vehicles ), industrial and agricultural vehicles, road construction machines, house furnitures and equipments, electric and electronic artifacts sonic and visual and communication tools should have an official delegate and allowed repair shop, ensure spare parts and after-sale services. 据第5条，本法，所有商品和服务供应商，必须在 商品上贴上标签，在经营场所安装标牌，商品和 服务的价格应该以一种对所有人可见的方式呈 现。 all goods and service presenters have to attach labels on goods or install a board at sale or profession local which indicates clearly the cost of goods or the fee of services in a viewable way for everyone. 不切实际的广告禁令 根据第7条本法，禁止通过大众媒体，宣传手册宣传谎 言和虚假信息，欺骗或迷惑消费者，。 advertisements which are contrary to truth or wrong information which may mislead or lead customers astray by media or publicities are forbidden. 第8 条本法，同样，由货物和服务供应商施加的任何条 件，从而减少供应或质量较低，或提高价格的共谋 行为，是一种犯罪行为。 any kind of collusion and imposition by the presenter of goods or services which reduce goods quality as well as quantity or may cause an increase in cost will be considered as a crime. 如何处理侵犯（第4章，第16条） 经行政机关裁定，消费者损失的责任，应由造成此 种损失的个人或团体承担。 the responsibility of damage to customers, by recognition of administrant referee, should be undertake by legal or real entities that cause the damage to customers. 在外国公司的情况下，除了母公司，分支机构或代 理机构将为他们在伊朗的行为负责。 In case of foreign companies, in addition to main company, its branch or delegacy in Iran is responsible either. 法律违规处罚（第5章） 本法第18条，如果商品或服务的供应商提供的商品或服务 有缺陷，损害消费者； 违法者，除赔偿损失，必须支付 罚款高达4倍的赔偿数额。 if presented goods or services are defective which may cause damage to customers, offender should compensate the damages and pay the fines up to four times the value of damage. 第20条，除了法律规定的处罚，主管机关可以强迫商品和 服务的生产商，供应商及零售商，收集和维修已售出的 商品。 advisable referees can fulfill the legal punishments and force the producers and sellers to withdraw goods in order to repair the sold goods or presented services. 长途及网上购物规定 伊朗的“电子商务法”（2003年）包括81条和第7条款。 从第33条至第49条有关保护消费者。 Irans Electronic Commerce Act,( 2003) includes 81 articles and 7 clause. From 33 to 49 on the protection of consumers. 第33条 - 货物和服务供应商、销售商，在消费者决定购买 或接受合同条款之前，必须提供及时有效的信息。 Article 33 - goods and service providers and vendors, must provide timely and effective information to consumers before consumers decide to buy or to accept the terms of the contract. 最低所需的信息，包括： - 商品或服务的技术和功能特性。 -供应商的身份，他的企业的名称和地址。 -e-mail地址，电话号码或任何帮助客户沟通的信息。 -买进价格（包括商品或服务的价格，税率，运输费用，通话费用的价 格），客户将负责所有费用。 -一建议维持有效的时间。 The minimum required information, including: - Technical and functional characteristics of goods or services. - The identity of the supplier, his companys name and address. -E-mail address, telephone number, or any other contact information that help consumer contact him/her whenever needed. -The purchase price (including goods or services, tax rates, transportation costs, call price)that customers will be responsible for all charges. -The period of time that the presented proposal remains effective. 第37条 - 在每个长途交易，消费者必须有至少7天工作 时间取消（取消的权利），而无须提出任何理由。 对消费者造成的损失是收回的成本（邮寄费用）。 Article 37 - in every remote transaction, the consumer must have at least seven working days of time for cancellation (the right of cancelation) without presenting any reason. the only Imposed costs on the consumer is the cost of return. 第41条 - 如果供应商提供了不符合合同的货物或服务 ，供应商必须支付返回费用。 Article 41 - If supplier provides the consumer with goods or services other than transacted ones, the supplier must pay the return cost. 消费旅游法 空中旅行 1976年之前，在伊朗的法律制度，没有某些规定监 测航空运输。 航空运输合同，受民法第517条 和519条有关运输以及贸易法从第377条至394有 关的运输合同的法律。 Prior to 1976，there were not certain provisions for monitoring air transportation, in Iranian legal system. Air transportation contracts, were subject to the article 517 and 519 of civil law concerning transportation as well as articles 377 to 394 of trade law regarding the transportation contract. 伊朗于1976年加入下列公约和议定书： - 1929年10月12日，“华沙公约” - 1976年“议定书” - 1955年9月28日，“海牙公约” - “议定书”，1961年9月18日 - 1971年3月8日，危地马拉 Iran in 1976 joined the following conventions and protocols: -) October 12, 1929 Warsaw Convention -) the Protocol of 1976 -) September 28, 1955 Hague Convention -) the Protocol of September 18, 1961 -) March 8, 1971 Guatemala 因此，国际航班受这些公约和议定书调整， 但是 ，国内航班，仍然受民事和商业的法律规则的调 整。 1968年，“华沙公约”/“海牙议定书” ，对于进 入伊朗的国内航班生效。 Thus, international flights were subject to these Conventions and protocols, But domestic flights, remained under civil and business law rules. In 1968, the provisions of the Warsaw Convention / Hague Protocol, entered into force on Iranian domestic flights. 飞机上的所有死的乘客，包括男子，妇女，青年， 老人，无论民族，种族和宗教，将被赔偿90,000 美元。 值得注意的是，在“禁月”支付的死亡赔偿 金，相等于3万美元的三分之一，也增加了。 all dead passengers on the plane, including men, women, young and old, of every nationality and ethnic and religious, the same amount of money equal to 90,000$will be paid. It is noteworthy that in the forbidden months to pay compensation as blood money, a third of the amount equal to 30,000 $ is also added. 丢失行李的乘客的最高赔偿金是100美元。因此， 为避免把自己的贵重物品，乘客应该把贵重物品 放在手提箱中。 The maximum amount awarded to passengers for losing luggage is $ 100. Therefore it is necessary for passengers to avoid putting their valuables and precious objects in suitcase. 有关乘客行李的规定 每个航班的乘客的行李，根据飞行时间，国际或国内以及 航空公司的类型是可变的。 允许每位乘客的行李额明确在机票提到（行李重量）。 每包或行李箱的重量不应该超过30公斤。 Passengers luggage per flight, depending on flight duration, being international or domestic as well as the type of airline is variable. The amount of allowed luggage for each passenger is explicitly mentioned in the ticket (baggage weight) . Weight of each package or suitcase should not be more than 30 kg. 在火车旅行,重量无限制。但行李的体积却有限制 ，根据火车票的种类也有不同，乘客随带行李体 积不准超过20升。 There are no restrictions in terms of weight in traveling by train. but the restriction is related to the volume of the luggage, so depending on the type of ticket, the passenger is allowed to take the luggage with at most 20 liters volume. 船旅行 根据第115条，伊朗海商法，在死亡或人身伤害的 情况下，货币赔偿额将不超过90,000美元。 According to Iran Maritime Law，article115 , in case of death or bodily injury to the passenger, the compensation amount of money would not be more than 90,000 $. 旅客人身伤害的情况下，必须在到达目的地后15天 内以书面形式通知承运人。 In case of Passengers bodily injury , a written notice must be delivered to the shipping operator just within 15 days from the date of destination arrival. 根据本法第130条，如果船舶没有按时出航，除自 然原因外的任何原因，乘客有权要求赔偿和违反 合同的。 According to article 130 the same law, If the ship does not launch in determined date, for any cause except natural causes, the passenger has the right to claim compensation and breach the contract. 火车旅行 由于延误了一个多小时而取消的情况下，乘客可以在 当天同一站退还票价。 In case of cancellation due to a delay of more than one hour train journey, passengers can refund the ticket price at the same station only the same day. 非由自然灾害造成的超过3个小时特快列车延误，旅客 可以自该日起一个月内收到退款。 A delay of more than 3 hours of Express trains, provided that is not caused by natural disasters, passengers can within one month refund the ticket money . 由于延误导致住宿和膳食费用由运输经营者支付。 If the del