修饰语与范畴词.ppt

修饰语与范畴词 o漫漫中华，泱泱大国，悠悠五千年历史，无数风流人物。长江 长城，黄山黄河，望不尽的锦绣美景，看不完我的祖国。 oI walked joyfully along the path that was lit up by the golden rays of the morning sun. Beautiful flowers of many colors were blooming. How fragrant they smelled! Little birds were singing in the trees, as if greeting me “Good morning! Good morning!” My heart was bursting with happiness o我在小路上愉快地散步。朝阳金色的光芒把小路照亮。绚丽多 彩的鲜花正在盛开。这些花儿多么芬芳！小鸟在枝头歌唱，好 象在对我打招呼“你早！你早！”我心花怒放 修饰语与范畴词 o毫无根据的诽谤 oGroundless slander o不切实际的幻想 oImpractical illusion o彻底粉碎 ocompletely smash o完全征服 ocompletely conquer o极为可耻 oextremely shameless o伟大的历史性转变 oa great historic change 修饰语与范畴词 o我们要继续坚定不移地坚持以经济建设为中心。我们要继续坚定不移 地推进改革开放。我们要继续坚定不移地保持社会稳定。我们要继续 坚定不移地贯彻执行独立自主的和平外交政策。 oVersion 1 oWe will continue to unswervingly focus on economic development. We will continue to unswervingly press ahead with reform and opening up. We will continue to unswervingly maintain social stability. We will continue to unswervingly carry out the independent foreign policy of peace. oVersion 2 oWe will steadfastly focus on economic development, resolutely press ahead with reform and opening up, persistently maintain social stability and unswervingly pursue the independent foreign policy of peace. 修饰语与范畴词 oVersion 3 oWe will unswervingly focus on economic development, press ahead with reform and opening up, maintain social stability and pursue the independent foreign policy of peace. o我们要在本世纪头二十年,集中力量,全面建设惠及十几亿人口 的小康社会,使经济更加发展,民主更加健全,科教更加进步,文 化更加繁荣,社会更加和谐,人民生活更加殷实. oWe need to concentrate on building a well-off society of a higher standard in an all-round way to the benefit of well over one billion people in this period. We will further develop the economy, improve democracy, advance science and education, enrich culture, foster social harmony and upgrade the texture of life for the people. 修饰语与范畴词 o坚持弘扬和培育民族精神,切实加强思想道德建设,大力法展教 育和科学事业,积极推进文化创新,不断增强中国特色社会主义 文化的吸引力和感召力. oWe should continue to carry forward and cultivate the national spirit, promote ideological and ethical progress, develop education and science, make cultural innovation and enhance the attraction and appeal of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. 修饰语与范畴词 o可以肯定,实现了全面小康社会的目标,我们的祖国必将更加繁荣富强,人 们的生活必将更加幸福美好,中国特色社会主义必将进一步显示出巨大的 优越性. oWe are sure that after attaining the objectives of building a well-off society in an all-round way, our motherland will become stronger and more prosperous, the people will live a better and happier life, and socialism with Chinese characteristics will further demonstrate its great superiority. o要完善深入了解民情,充分反映民意,广泛集中民智,切实珍惜民力的 决策机制,推进决策科学化民主化. oWe will improve the decision-making mechanism by which decision-makers will go deep among the people to learn how they are faring, reflect their will, pool their wisdom and value their resources, putting decision-making on a more scientific and democratic basis. 修饰语与范畴词 o有时,汉语为了获得”强调”效果,往往在一个词语后面叠加另一 个同义或近义词语.英译时,为了避免拖沓臃肿的行文,一般应采 取省略,压缩,简化或合并的做法. o他从小就认真读书,刻苦学习. oHe worked hard at his studies even in early childhood. o海峡两岸的中国人都是骨肉同胞,手足兄弟. oThe Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are of the same flesh and blood. o本公司生产的地毯美丽大方,光彩夺目,富丽堂皇. oThe carpets made in our company are beautiful, and magnificent. 修饰语与范畴词 o修饰语 o汉语的一些叙述性,描述性文字,常用前后连贯的若 干短句来加强同一个意思.如果逐字逐句照译会有 啰嗦之嫌,此时不妨考虑采取”省略”的译法. o这儿的峡谷又是另一番景象：谷种急水奔流，穿 峡而过，两岸树木葱郁，鲜花繁茂，芳草萋萋。 oIt is another gorge through which a rapid stream flows. Trees, flowers and grass thrive on both banks. 修饰语与范畴词 o我们力求使这本刊物充满着浪漫的人文精神、深邃的哲思和妙 趣横生的智慧，同时也希望它高而不孤、博而不杂、温柔敦厚 、真率可喜，在你我之间联结温馨的友情。设想我们长夜相对 、促膝谈心，它会是几畔的一杯清茗。当你好整以暇、细细品 味，齿颊间悠远的清芬会令你回味无穷；若你为俗务所苦，只 能在匆匆之间浅啜，亦会觉得有暗香缓缓拂过心头。 oIn trying to fill the journal with romantic humanism, profound philosophical thought and sparkling wit, we hope that it will be your refinedyet not aloof, eruditeyet not confusing, tender, honest, frank and pleasant friend. It is like a fragrant cup of tea that will leave you a delicate aftertaste when you leisurely savor it, or a warm, quiet fragrance in your heart with only a quick sip. 修饰语与范畴词 o要集中全国人们的智慧和力量,聚精会神搞建设,一 心一意谋发展. oWe should pool the wisdom and strength of the people of the whole country, concentrate ourselves on the construction and plan wholeheartedly for the development. oWe will pool the wisdom and strength of the people of the whole country and concentrate on construction and development. 修饰语与范畴词 修饰语与范畴词 o范畴词 o情况, 状态, 现象, 问题, 局面, 方面 o英语的范畴词大多有实际意义(如category, field, aspect, situation等 ),而汉语的范畴词不少则为语气的延续,译成英语时往往隐含于上下文文 中(如介词,动词,名词各自的含义). oOneness o融为一体的状态 oBackwardness o落后状态 oMindlessness o思想上的混沌状态 oNostalgia o怀旧情结 oTogetherness o不分彼此的集体感 修饰语与范畴词 oTension o紧张局势 oArrogance o自满情绪 oMagnetization o磁化现象 oRudeness o粗鲁态度 oAntagonism o敌对态度 oPersuasion o说服工作 修饰语与范畴词 oPreparation o准备工作 oMadness o疯狂行为 oPrecaution o预防措施 oWe have winked at these irregularities too long. o我们对这种混乱无序的现象容忍得太久了. oWhat, under these uncertainties, was to be done? o在这种扑朔迷离的情况下,该怎么办? o虽然他极力解释他的计划，对于这一计划是否可行，他们仍然持 怀疑的态度。 oEven though he tried hard to explain his plan, they were still skeptical of its feasibility. 修饰语与范畴词 oThe administration was free from corruption. o这届政府没有腐败现象。（句中corruption译为“腐败现象”更符合汉语 习惯。 oIndia, China, North Africa and the United States are all running freshwater deficits, pumping more from their aquifers than rain can replenish.（GJYDp11） o因为从地下蓄水层抽出的水，雨水来不及补充，所以印度、中国、北非 和美国等地区都面临着淡水不足的问题。 oIve seen more and more people who can not read and write. Our Government has been saying that they are trying to climate illiteracy. Is our Government trying to eliminate education? o我发觉不会读书写字的人愈来愈多了。政府老是说他们正在尽力消灭文 盲现象他们莫非正在想方设法小麦交易？（has been saying表示厌 倦或反感，are trying表示讥讽）。 修饰语与范畴词 o他是在我不知道的情况下私自拿走的. oHe took it away without my knowledge. o他们在讨论他访问香港的事情. oThey are discussing his trip to Hong Kong. o在工作中,大家都必须杜绝浪费现象. oWe must put an end to waste in our work. o关于利润分配问题,我就说这些. oOn profit distribution, thats all I have got to say. 修饰语与范畴词 o根据一般加工工业生产能力普遍过剩的现实状况,把国债投资 重点放在基础设施建设方面. oIn view of the over-productivity in the general processing industries, investments from national bonds were mainly put into infrastructure development. o各地领导部门要努力开拓就业门路. oVersion 1 oLocal authorities should work hard to find ways to create jobs. oVersion 2 oLocal authorities should work hard to crea