高三语法专项复习形容词和副词.ppt

形容词：它是作定语、表语、补语的典型 词类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺 定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词 。 副词：在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词 、副词、介词短语或整个句子。 形容词作表语 放在系动词之后，称为表语。 系动词 1. be 动词(am is are was were) 2. 持续系动词(继续保持某种态度)：keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand 3.表现系动词(看起来像) seem, appear, look 4.感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste 5.变化系动词 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 6.终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有 prove, trun out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意 remain calm, go hungry, fall asleep, come true, appear effective, die young (夭折) 形容词作定语 1.前置定语 A difficult situation, efficient approach/way 2. 后置定语: 1）修饰不定代词:something, anything, nothing, everything nothing serious, anything special 2) 某些a-开首的形容词:afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, ashamed, awake, aware He is the only man alive. 有些单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词： lively(活泼的；生动的) 、 lonely、 lovely(可爱的；优美的,令人愉快的 ) deadly、 friendly、 ugly、 silly、 likely(可能的)、 timely(及时的), brotherly , orderly(秩序的), daily(每日的), weekly, smelly(发臭的), costly（昂贵的）,等 。 2. 副词在句中作状语, 看看可修饰 哪些词。 这个男人很粗鲁地说：“这不关 你的事。” _ _ 修饰动词 The man said rudely“ It is none of your business”。 Its simply wonderful to see you！ _ I heard pretty clearly then. _ 修饰形容词 修饰另一副词 看到你真太好了！ 我当时听得相当清楚。 Your coat is just behind the door. _ Frankly, I am not satisfied with your work. _ 修饰句子 修饰介词短语 你的上衣正好在门后面。 坦白说, 我对你的工作不满意。 close接近（指距离）closely仔细地，密切地 clear清楚的，清澈的clearly明显的，无疑的 free免费freely自由地，自如地 deep深deeply深刻地，深入地 high高highly高度地 late晚，迟lately近来 wide宽广地widely广泛地 near临近nearly几乎 most最mostly主要地，绝大多数地 easy悠闲地，轻松地easily容易地 注意：形容词和副词词形完全相同的单词：early， straight，slow，enough，fast，hard，long， firm Tom is as tall as Mike. There are as many students in our school as yours. Tom is three times as old as Mike. Tom is not so tall as Mike. He is too young to join the army. This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons. cant/ can never be tooadj. =cant/ can never beadj enough 无论都不为过 你怎么小心都不为过。 You can never be careful enough. You can never be too careful. This bridge is longer than that one. Our school is larger than theirs. 两者比较：the+比较级+ of the two (两者中较的 一个) 三者以上比较： the +最高级+of/in (范围) He is _ (tall) of the two. He is _ (tall) of the three. the taller the tallest 比较级前可用 much，far，a lot， a little , a bit， rather， even， still， a great deal 等表示程度. She sings far/much better than the others. 她唱得比别人好得多。 Its a little colder today than it was yesterday. 最高级可用by far、nearly、by no means和序数词等 修饰，置于最高级之前。 He is the second tallest boy in our class. The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 否定词词比较级较级 最高级级 “否定词词比较级较级 ”表达最高级级含义义： (2014全国卷)为为斯蒂文森先生工作感觉觉非常好 ，我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。 Mr.Stevenson is great to work for I really _. It cant be worse. 不可能再糟糕了。 There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world. 父母之爱，是世间最伟大的爱。 couldnt find a better boss the比较级，the比较级 “越，越” The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them. 问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。 The earlier you start, the sooner youll be back. 你出发得越早,回来得就越早。 The more you practise, the better you can understand. 你练习得越多，理解得就越透。 The busier he is , the happier he will be. 他越忙，就越觉得幸福。 The harder you work, the more progress you will get. 表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Which is+ 比 较级，or?” 表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than” Which is longer, this one or that? This park is less beautiful than that one. hard 原级 比较级 最高级 harderhardest useful few most useful more useful fewer fewest little less least well betterbest careful more careful most careful great greater greatest manymoremost busybusierbusiest fat fatter fattest expensive more expensive most expensive 原级 比较级 最高级the + beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful important more important most important difficult more difficult most difficult happy happier happiest good better best large larger largest oldolder/elder oldest/eldest fastfaster fastest easily more easily most easily high higher highest far farther/further farthest/furthest terrible possible simple great deep true easy comfortable public happy full careful high wide clear fortunate hurried whole terribly possibly simply greatly deeply trulyeasily comfortablypublicly happily fullycarefullyhighlywidely clearly fortunatelyhurriedly 将下列adj 变为 adv wholly 1. In that school, English is _ (compel) for all students but French and Russian are optional. 形容词作表语。compulsory意为“强制的” 。 2. Ive been writing this report _ (occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. 副词作状语修饰动词write。 灵活运用 compulsory occasionally 5.The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _(sweet).” 意思是“什么也不会比这更甜”即“这是 世界上最甜的东西”。 sweeter 6. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” _(high).higher 7. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature) course. 在名词course前作定语, 用形容词。 8. .we drank together and talked _ (merry) till far into the night. 修饰动词talked作状语, 用副词形式。 natural merrily 9. .one of the _(bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. 由I ever made可知, 用bad的最高级。 10. Games are often _(excite) and dramatic, but they generally arent very intellectual. 指事物(比赛)“令人兴奋的”。 worst exciting 11. Seated in a comfortable chair, listening to the peaceful music, youll be brought into a _(relax) state of mind. 作定语要用形容词, 表示人感到轻松的, 用- ed形式的形容词, 意为“放松的心情”。 relaxed 12.How much is a dish of plain ice cream？” he asked. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit _ (patience). “Thirty five cents”, she said _(rude). 前空是在系动词grew后作表语, 用形容词; 后 空修饰动词said, 用副词。 impatient rudely When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes 1 _contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was 2 _ (extreme) heavy. 二、语篇填空 1. 引导定语从句并在定语从句中作主语, 先行词 是物, 用which。 2. 修饰形容词heavy, 用副词形式。 which extremely It suddenly 3 _(occur)to one of the workers to open up the box. He was 4 _(astonish)at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of 5 _(wool) goods. 3. 此句缺谓语, 由上下文可知是叙述过去的事, 用 一般过去时。 4. 作表语要用形容词; 表示“感到惊讶”, 用-ed形容 词。 5. 作定语用形容词形式, woolen表示“羊