英语常见短语动词讲解训练.doc

动词短语精讲精练动词短语既是高考考查的热点，也是难点。其主要测试考生在具体语境中运用动词短语的能力。主要涉及动词短语辨析，同时结合时态、语态对考生进行综合考查。备选词组形近或义近，或二者兼备或属同一动词不同搭配。为此广大考生应加强对考纲内重要动词短语的复习，熟记词义，对词义相近的短语加强辨析，特别是同一动词所构成的动词短语。此文结合历年考题，对重要动词所构成的动词短语进行梳理，现分述如下： 一、 要点 bring in引进；挣得bring about引起，导致bring up养育，培养；呕吐；提出 bring out使展现，推出（书、唱片等）bring down降低；使倒下bring back把带回来；使忆起；使恢复bring forth结果，生产，产生bring forward提出；提前bring off 圆满完成（困难之事）bring on惹来（坏的结果）；加速生长。 精练 1. the internet has brought _big changes in the way we work. a. about b. out c. back d. up 2. the teacher made up a sentence to _the meaning of the phrase. a. show off b. turn out c. bring out d. take in 3. as we all know，air pollution often _diseases. a. brings on b. brings up c. brings back d. brings forward 二、 要点 break down崩溃，瓦解；垮掉；失败；（化学）分解；（公共场所）失去理智break up打碎；大学放假；（物理）分解；分开，分成（几部分）；结束；制止break through逾越，突破；冲破break away（from）挣脱，脱离break out爆发break in破门而入break off折断；中断break into进入建筑物以便行窃；突然发出或开始；打扰。 精练 4. news reports say peace talks between the two countries _with no agreement reached. a. have broken down b. have broken out c. have broken in d. have broken up 5. you should relax yourself， otherwise you will _in time. a. break off b. break up c. wear out d. break down 6. until then did i realize that their marriage was _because they had little in common. a. breaking up b. breaking down c. breaking through d. breaking off 三、 要点 come about发生come out结果出来；出版；泄露；开花come on跟随；作为挑战语；进展come across偶遇；被理解come true变为现实come up走上前；被提出；长出地面；走近；升起come up with产生，发现（解决办法、答案等）come along一起来come back回来；顶嘴come by努力获得come to总计；清醒过来come off脱落；进展。 精练 7. the girl is clever and she always _good ideas whenever she is in trouble. a. comes about b. comes up with c. gets up as d. comes up 8. i dont feel like going out. why dont we watch tv at home？ _you promised to take me out for dinner. a. really？ b. not at all. c. why not？ d. come on！ 9. i have no idea how it _that the man met with trouble again.a. came up b. came out c. came across d. came about 四、 要点 carry off获胜；成功做成（困难之事）carry on继续，坚持carry out执行carry through帮助渡难关；完成，实现carry back使忆起carry away失去理智。 精练 10. we didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it _very well. a. worked out b. tried out c. went on d. carried on 11.its a good idea. but whos going to _the plan？ i think tom and greg will. a. set aside b. carry out c. take in d. get through 12. the managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year. a. carry out b. carrying out c. carried out d. to carry out 五、 要点 get about四处走动；传开get across传达get alongon （with）进展，相处get away逃脱，设法离开get down下来；下车get in 收割；到达；请来帮忙；考取get off出发；下班 get together聚会get up 起床；组织，筹划get up as打扮成get through 接通；通过；花费 get back取回；回到某地；继续做get by勉强够花get down to开始认真干get out被人知道，泄露；逃离get over克服，成功应付；恢复，复原。 精练 13. it was not a serious illness， and she soon _it. a. got over b. got on with c. got around d. got out of 14. were going to _with some friends for a picnic. would you like to join us？ a. get in b. get over c. get along d. get together 15. his mother had thought it would be good for his character to _from home and earn some money on his own. a. run away b. get away c. keep away d. take away 六、 要点 give up放弃give in 屈服；呈交give out 用尽，耗尽；分发；公布，发表；发出give away露马脚；颁发；赠送，送掉；捐赠 give off发出 give back归还；使恢复。 精练 16. his strong accent _when he was trying to tell a lie. a. put him off b. let him out c. gave him away d. turned him up 17. during the urgent period， the ministry of foreign affairs _brief news every day. a. gave away b. gave out c. gave up d. gave off 18. dont mention that at the beginning of the story， or it may _the shocking ending. a. give away b. give out c. give up d. give off 七、 要点 go against违背；与不符；对不利go without勉强维持，凑合go in for爱好，参加；从事go by过去；依据，按照go on继续；发生go over 复习 ；仔细审查；走近 go ahead 进行 go though 被通过；从头到尾地阅读；排练；经历go away走开；外出度假；消失go for去取来或接来；争取得到；go out出去， 熄灭， 过时， 罢工， 向往， 辞职， 倒塌。 精练 19. i dont _rocknroll. its much too noisy for my taste. a. go after b. go away with c. go into d. go in for 20. nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. a. be put up b. give in c. be turned on d. go out 21. the price _， but i doubt whether it will remain so. a. went down b. will go down c. has gone down d. was going down 八、hold 要点 hold on to保留，抓住不放hold back隐瞒；阻碍（某人发展）；（因谨慎而）退缩；控制（情感）hold out维持；抵抗，硬撑 hold up举起；（常用被动语态）延搁，阻滞；支撑hold up as作为榜样 hold off拖延；（雨雪等）迟迟不来；保持距离hold down控制（上升）；压制hold in抑制hold on 别挂断，等会儿；坚持hold over延期；以要挟hold together团结一起。 精练 22. we thought of selling this old furniture， but weve decided to _it. it might be valuable. a. hold on to b. keep up with c. turn to d. look after 23. we meant to finish the task by dark， but we were so tired that we could not _. a. hold on b. keep to c. last on d. stick to 24. how long can they _against the disaster？ a. hold back b. hold out c. hold up d. hold over 九、keep 要点 keep away（from）使远离 keep back 扣除，保留；隐瞒不讲keep off 避开；不踩、吃、谈等keep on继续keep out 挡在外边 ；（警示语）请勿靠近keep up保持，不低落；持续，继续keep up with跟上keep down抑制（以防其增长）。 精练 25. the story is so interesting that he doesnt _it even though it is time for lunch. a. get rid of b. keep away from c. break away from d. tear himself away from 26. there is a piece of board at the gate of the construction， which reads： _without permission. a. keep away b. keep out c. keep off d. keep up 27. would you slow down a bit， please？ i cant _you. a. keep up with b. put up with c. make up to d. hold on to 十、look 要点 look ahead向前看look about环顾look after照看；负责处理look back回忆，回顾look out 当心 ；找出 look on旁观look up 向上看；查阅；形势好转；看望look down upon看不起look forward to 盼望 look through翻阅 look into调查；向内看 look round寻找；边走边看，观光look over检阅；逐一检查。 精练 28. _this book and tell me what you think of it. a. look through b. look on c. look into d. look up 29. _！ there is a train coming. a. look out b. look around c. look forward d. look on 30. she _her number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. a. looked up b. looked for c. picked out d. picked up 十一、make 要点 make up编造；给某人化妆；组成，构成；补齐，凑足；准备，布置make up of 由构成make up for 补偿，弥补make out 辨认出 make into制成；使成为make from制成make of 制成；理解，看待，对待make out of 由制成make for走向，冲向；有助于，倾向于；make off 溜掉 make over（正式依法）转让。 精练 31. tom was so busy these days because he had a lot of papers to _. a. take up b. make up c. work up d. hold up 32. doctors say early rising _good health. a. makes off b. makes for c. makes out d. makes up 33. the idea puzzled me so much that i stopped for a few seconds to try to_. a. make it out b. make it off c. make it up d. make it over 十二、put 要点 put across表达清楚put back放回原处；拨回；阻碍；推迟 put down揭下来；踩下；停车下人；平定，镇压；记下put aside放下（正在读的书或正在干的活）；储蓄；不顾，忽视put away将事物放置于惯常保存之处；储蓄；过度吃喝；放弃put forth（正式）长出put forward提出（计划、建议）；拨快；提前put in插嘴；安装；花费put off延期；推诿，闪避put on穿戴；假装；安排；上映put out扑灭；生产put up为某人提供食宿；短期住宿；建造；举起；张贴，公布put up with容忍。 精练 34. you can take anything from the shelf and read， but please _the books when youve finished with them. a. put on b. put down c. put back d. put off 35. before the war broke out， many people _in safe places possessions they could not take with them. a. threw away b. put away c. gave away d. carried away 36. the forest guards often find campfires that have not been _completely. a. turned down b. put out c. put away d. turned over 十三、send 要点 send for 派人去请；订购 send up上升；发射；取笑send out 发送；长出；发出（请柬、信号等）send off送行；邮寄出send away送走；解雇send down下降；开除（大学学生）send forth长出send in寄去。 精练 37. will somebody go and get dr. white？ hes already been _. a. asked for b. sent for c. called for d. looked for 38. we can easily pick up the english programs _by the cctv. a. sent off b. sent out c. sent away d. sent up 39. it was not until seven years old that i was _to school. a. sent away b. sent back c. sent out d. sent for 十四、set 要点 set off 出发；引爆；引起，激发 set out 开始；动身踏上漫长旅途set up 创建，建立；安排；安装；竖起set up as当上 set about着手干（尤指费时费劲的事）；处理set aside不顾；（为某种目的，后接for）留出set apart使与众不同；（为某种用途）留出set back 阻碍，拖后腿set forth 启程；阐明set in（不愉快的事情）开始，来临set down下车；写下；放下。 精练 40. its ten years since the scientist _on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical. a. made for b. set out c. took off d. turned up 41. the primary school was _where there used to be an old temple. a. set up b. put up c. built up d. held up 42. if you _any problems when you arrive at the airport， give me a ring. a. come up with b. set about c. run into d. put aside 十五、take 要点 take in吸收take for 误认为take out 拿出 take down 放下take up从事；拿起；占据（时间或空间）take off 飞机起飞；脱下；休假；走红take by攻占 take after像take along 随身携带take away带走，拿走；使离去take back 收回（说错的话）；退回（所购商品）；使忆起take charge 负责，掌管 take on呈现；雇佣 take out拿出；带出去take over 接管，接任take place发生take to开始喜欢；染上习惯 take with 与混在一起。 精练 43. our daughter doesnt know what to _at the university， so she cant make up her mind about her future. a. take in b. take up c. take over d. take on 44. to keep healthy， professor johnson _cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired. a. took up b. caught on c. carried out d. made for 45. helen always helps her mother even though going to school _most of her day. a. takes up b. makes up c. saves up d. puts up 十六、turn 要点 turn against转而反对；使与为敌turn back折回，掉转头turn away转身，走开，打发走turn out结果是；关上（电灯）；赶出；生产，制造 turn down 拒绝；调小turn off 关掉；不喜欢turn over打翻；仔细思量；翻耕；移交 turn in 上交（作业等）；拐入turn into变成；翻译turn on打开；取决于turn to求助于；翻到 turn up调大；出现。 精练 46. we wanted to get home before dark， but it didnt quite _as planned. a. make out b. turn out c. go on d. come up 47. i can hardly hear the radio. would you please_？ a. turn it on b. turn it down c. turn it up d. turn it off 48. he was disappointed to find his suggestions_. a. been turned down b. turned down c. to be down d. to turn down 49. we wanted to get home before dark， but it didnt quite _ as planned. a. make out b. turn out c. go on d. come up 50. the dictionary is being printed and it will soon_. a. turn out b. come out c. start out d. go out key 15 acaad 610 abdda 1115 bcadb 1620 cbadd 2125 caabd 2630 baaaa 3135 bbacb 3640 bbbab 4145 acbaa 4650 bcbbb高考英语动词词组专项复习一、give 词组1. in those days, he used to give _ a part of his income to help his friend.2. both sides argued with reason, and neither would give _.3. if they are burned, they give _ poisonous gases.4. when they made ready to climb the next ridge（山脊）， they found that their oxygen had given _.5. both the man and horse gave _ after the long ride.6. all hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _ and the search stopped.7. mary had to give _ her job after her marriage.8. 举行音乐会9. 演讲，做报告10. 给.上课11. 给某人关于. 的忠告answers:1. give away 赠送，给予2. give in 投降，让步，屈服3. give off 发出，放出4. give out 用完，耗尽5. give out 力竭6. give up 放弃7. give up 辞去8. give a concert9. give a talk10. give lessons to11. give sb. some advice on .二、 go 词组1. please dont go _ _ it till youve seen me again.2. he has been in this class only a few weeks and he is already going _.3. many years have gone _ since we first met.4. the parade （游行）went _ us.5. the crocodile went _ under the water.6. lets go _ by the lift(elevator).7. the war went _ until 1918.8. if you never read the newspapers, youll never know whats going _ in the world.9. after he had given an account （说明）of the difficulties he went _ to suggest ways of overcoming them.10. they went _ _ their open-air performance in spite of the rain.11. put more wood on the fire, otherwise it will go _.12. the mechanic（技师）went _ the engine but found nothing wrong.13. they went _ their lessons together at night.14. the bullet（子弹）went _ the wall.15. the police went _ very room of the building.16. 去钓鱼17. 去买东西18. 去游泳19. 回家20. 出去散步21. 入睡22. 全力以赴23. 上大学24. 去医院25. 上学26. 上床睡觉27. 去电影院看电影answers:1. go ahead with 继续进行， 推进，前进 2. go ahead 取得进展3. go by 时间过去4. go by 经过5. go down 下去，下沉6. go down 下去7.go on 继续8. go on 发生，进行9. go on 继续10. go on with 继续11. go out 灯，火熄灭12. go over 检查13. go over 复习14. go through 穿过，通过15. go through 仔细检查，查看16. go fishing17. go shopping18. go swimming19. go home20. go out for a walk21. go to sleep22. go all out23. go to college24. go to hospital25. go to school26. go to bed27. go to the cinema三、look 词组1. the boy is old enough to look _ himself.2. he spent two weeks in shanghai, looking _ the city.3. we are looking _ _ hearing from you soon.4. join us. dont just look _.5. they all looked _ him _ a member of their family.6. look _! there is danger ahead.7. i shall look _ that i dont trust him again.8. he looked _ his notes before writing the report.9. look _ these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.10. i must look _ the time of your train.11. a fox came to the tree and looked _ at the cock.answers:1. look after 照顾，照料2. look around/about 四处看看，四下环顾3. look forward to 盼望，期待4. look on 旁观，观望5. look on . as . 把.看作.6. look out 当心，小心，留神7. look out 警惕8. look through 浏览，翻阅，温习9. look through 仔细查看10. look up 查寻，查阅11. look up 仰视四、make 词组1. bamboo is also made _ paper.2. our desks and chairs are made _ wood.3. the paper for books and newspapers also is made _ wood.4. this engine is made _ _ 490 parts.5. the actor made himself _ for the part of an old man.6. these days many girls make _ when they are still quite young.7. she made _ a good lunch from bits and pieces.8. there isnt any little girl called kitty here. he has just made her _.9. hard work can often make _ for lack of intelligence.10. everyone should make _ _ _ time.11. but wait till you see what well make for you _ your own measure.12. i have made _ _ _, and nothing you say will change it.13. they made _ _ my mistakes when i tried to speak english.answers: 1. make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）2. be made of 用某种原材料制成（后面跟原材料）3. be made from 用某种原材料制成（后面跟原材料）4. be made up of 由.组成，由.构成5. make up 化妆6. make up 化妆，打扮7. make up 配制8. make up 编造，虚构9. make up for 弥补， 补充，补偿10. make full use of 充分利用11.make to ones own measure 照某人的尺寸去做12. make up my mind 下决心13. make fun of 取笑，嘲笑，和.开玩笑五、put 词组1. we put _ the tools before we leave the workshop.2. all the medical workers in the region helped to put _ the influenza epidemic（流感）.3. never put _ until tomorrow what you can do today.4. we are putting the play _ again next week owing to（由于） its success.5. the fire man soon put the fire _.6. the doctor told me to put _ my tongue.7. its time that we put _ the christmas decorations（装饰物） in the living room.8. drop your weapons and put your hands _.9. another supermarket has been put _ near our house.10. i cant put _ _ a lot of noisy people when i am working.11. 使进入，输入12. 全神贯注于.之中answers:1. put away 放好，受起来2. put down 扑灭，平息，镇压3. put off 延期，拖延4. put on 上演，穿戴5. put out 熄灭，扑灭，使.停止燃烧6. put out 伸出，拿出7. put up 挂起，张贴8. put up 举起，抬起9. put up 建造，搭起10. put up with 忍受，容忍11. put into12. put ones heart into12. keep up with 跟上13. keep watch 守望，值班，放哨六、set 词组1. as soon as she arrived, she set _ tidying up （整理，收拾）the room.2. theyve set _ on a trip round the world.3. together the four men set _ to look for the lost animal.4. he set _ to write a history of civilization（文明）.5. well certainly set_ a complete modern industrial system.6. a few scarecrows（稻草人）were set _ in the field.7. lets set _ the tent first, and build the fire later.8. 放火9. 释放某人10. 给某人树立榜样answers:1. set about doing 着手，开始2. set off 起程，出发3. set out 出发，动身4. set out to do 开始，着手5. set up 创立，设立，建立6. set up 竖起，支起7. set up 竖起，支起8. set fire9. set sb. free10. set an example to sb.七、turn 词组1. those who were once for him have turned _ him.2. turn _ everything captured（缴