海上采油英语实用手册(英汉对照)-句子.xls

2.sentences 句子 控制仪表 1.the purpose of emergency shutdowe system is to protect personnel and the facility from threats 应急关断系统目的就是保 护人身，设施免受威胁。 2.the emergency shutdown system consists of a number of individual process shutdowns. 应急关断系统有许多单独 的工艺流程关断组成. 3.the emergeney shutdown is actuated by either manual controls or automatic devices sensing abnormol conditions. 应急关断解即可由手动手 动控制启动也可在感应到 不正常状态下自动启动 4.when a most hazardons situation has risen the total shutdown of the plant is performed manually. 当最危险情况发生时，平 台的最关断阀可自动启动 5.level 1a shutdown includes the shutdown of all wells and process facility. 1a级关断将关断所有油井 及工艺设施。 6.level 1b causes a total shutdown , starting-up of emergency power and fire fighting system. 1b级关断引起总关断，同 时启动应急发电机救火系 统。 7.when accidents happen during process operation ,the process shutdown is performed manually at the ccr. 生产中产生意外事故，在 ccr上即可手动关断工艺 系统。 8.when accidents happen at a certain process points unit shutdown is performed at the affected part of the process. 当意外事故发生在某一工 艺流程点时，在受影响工 艺流程部分即产生单元元 关断。 9.when an emergency shutdown related to 1ait hangs from and is drved by the sucker rod string. 转子是一种圆形横截面的 个螺杆，其悬挂在抽油杆 上并通过抽油杆来驱动。 4.the rotor is a simple external helix with a round cross-section;it hangs from and is drived by the sucker rod string. 定子是一种双内螺杆，其 悬挂在油管上。 5.elastomer p 157 has been specially developed to this purpose.为满足要求，特地开发了 p157这种弹性材料。 6.the above-ground device which drives the pump is of simple design. 这种泵的地面驱动装置设 计简单。 7.the prime move is usually an electric motor.原动机通常是一种电机。 8.the gear reducer provides the fixed speed,if you want to change the speed you must change the gear reducer. 齿轮减速成器提供固定的 速成度，如果要改变速度 ，必须更换齿轮减速器。 9.the sucker rod string which links the drive shaft to the down- lolerotor is made of standard sucker rod. 连接驱动轴和井下泵的抽 油杆是按标准抽油杆制造 的。 10.slow and consant rotation does not emulsify two phase fluid.慢而恒定的转动不会使用 两相流体乳化。 11.initial invesment is much less for any other type of pumping system. 初期投资比其它任何种类 的抽汲系统要少得多。 12.in the case of high viscosity ,low api gravity crude,higher hps are required. 在抽汲高粘、低api比重 原油的情况下，需要更多 的功率。 13.for a given pump the output is approximately proportional to the rotational speed. 对于一给定的泵，其排量 大致跟转速成正比。 14.when mounting the controller,it should be mounted as level as possible and should be located a minimum of 50 feet from the well head. 当按装控制柜时，应当尽 可能地水平安装并远离井 口50英尺。 15.the controller must be grounded and mechanically secured by a #6 copper wire or larger. 控制柜必须接地，并用#6 以上的铜线固定。 16.each service technician is expected to carry sufficient repair parts on service vehicle so that routine intallation and trouble shooting calls can be solved without having to make extra trips for parts. 每一个技术服务人员希望 在工程服务车上携带足够 的修理部件，以便在巡回 检查中迅速成解决设备安 装出现的问题和排除故障 并不至于因部件短缺专程 返回。 17.in the automatic position,the controllers perform the same function and have the same protection as in hand. 在自动状态，控制柜具有 与手动状态相同的功能和 保护作用。 18.remove the shipping cap from the top of the equalizer.从平衡器顶端卸下运输保 护帽。 19.being sure that the fill valve adapter and hose are free of air and contaminants,insert the fill valve adapter into the motor fill valve. 确保注油阀接头和软管没 有空气和污物后，将注油 阀接头插入电机注油阀。 20.among these are such things as kva requirement,available surface voltage,required voltage downhole,resize possibilities and economics. 这些因素是：所需容量， 地面有效电压，地下所需 电压，重新选型的可能性 和经济性。 21.as you can see,the #4 awg cable has a larger safety factor than the #6,therefore,the possibility of improved cable life if substantially-increased. 如你所见，#4awg电缆的 安全系数大，提高电缆寿 命的可能性明显增加。 22.with prooper sizing ,installation,start up procedures and with a good estimate of the size and quantity of sand being produced,an expected life of the equipment can be extended. 通过合理的选型、安装、 启动程序和一个对出砂量 及大小的好的估计，机组 的预计寿命将会延长。 23.that is if the well is producing 300 bfpd and 21bs of sand per day ,the well will maintain this rate of sand prodrction of 0.0066 pounds per bfpd as the production is held constant 300 bfpd. 即是说，如果油井日产液 300bfpd，出砂2磅， 则 只要该井维护300bfpd的 产量，其产砂率将固定为 0。0066磅每桶液。 24.if the well is new and sand is expected,testing and neasurement of sand production should be performed to determine a safe production rate. 如果油井是新井且预计邮 砂，应当进行出砂量测试 和计量，以便确定安全定 量。 25.if a pump loses its axial stability,the shaft will rotae eccentrically,thus resulting in high side load and eccentric running thrust washers which will reduce the pump life to a few hours. 如果泵失去轴向稳定性， 其轴作偏心旋转，因此产 生高的侧向载荷和偏磨止 推轴承垫而缩短泵的寿命 。 26.when an induction motor is operated at various frequencies,the speed at which the shaft turns is directly proportional to the change infrequency. 当感应式电动机采用变频 驱动时，其转速与频率的 改变成正比。 27.variable speed controls are devices which supply a source of variable freauency,are briefed as vsc.addetional benefits from the vsc are soft start which is accomplished by starting the unit at aliefrequency and bringing the pumping unit up to operating frequency at acontrolled rate;also the fact that the ac power comes from the conversion which occurs in the drive the voltages are balancer,adeinite benefit when incoming power lines are unbalanced. 变速控制器是一种提供变 频电源的设施，简称vsc 。采用vsc的另一好处就 是所谓的软启动，即在低 频同步启动并以一定的控 制速度和抽汲系统转换到 工作频率；同时从这一驱 动中出来的交流电电压是 平衡的，即使输入线路不 平衡。 28.a pump may be selected to operate in a flow range currently notavailable.i.e.100bpd,13000bpd,ect. 所选泵可能在一定的流量 范围内工作（对当前没有 好处）如：100bpd， 13000bpd等。 29.check primary fuses on the distrbution system.have the fuses replaced as needed. 检查配电系统的主熔断丝 （保险丝）。如果需要， 进行更换。 30.using a voltmeter,monitor the voltage drop while attempring to start pump.if voltage drop is excessive(25% or more)check the following:a.transformer size;b.wire size,both in incoming powerc.power gencerator(if used);d.loose connection. 启泵之前，用电压表检测 电压损失，如果电压降超 过（大于等于25%）作如 下检查：a.变送器型号； b.输入和井下动力电线的 型号；c.发电机(如果已 使用);d.接线是否松动。 31.a basic dual range model is shown in figure 17.the model employs aranges witch on the front of the isstrutment for selecting the desired voltage. 图17是一简单的双程式模 式，这种模式在该仪表面 板上设置一量程开关以选 择电压。 32.maintaining the required flowing bottom hole pressure is the basisfor the design of any artificial lift installation;if a predeter mind drawdown in pressure can be maintained ,the well will produce the desired fluids.this is true regardless if the types if lift installation. 保持井底流压是人工举升 设施选择的基础，只要能 保持需的井底压力，就能 得到相应的产量，无论采 用何种举升设施这都是正 确的。 33.based on world-wide installations,the relative standing of various lift methods are as follows:1)sucker rod or beam pumping;2)gas lift;3)electric submersible pumping;4)hydraulic pumping;5)jet pumping;6)others. 纵观世界范围内的抽油设 施，一般常用的举升方式 是：1）杆式或横梁式抽 油系统；2）气举；3）电 潜泵抽油系统；4）水力 泵抽油系统；5）射流泵 抽油系统；6）其它方式 。 34.the choice of lift must take into account the anticipated gor or free gas during the life of the reservoir and whether or not the gas can be vented. 举升方式的选择必须考虑 油葳寿命期内预测的油气 比或游离气，同时也须考 虑气体是否能够排放。 35.six economic factors represent the most important parameters inselection of artificial lift equipment:a)initial capital investment;b)monthly operating expense/income cost indicators;c)equipment life;d)number of wells to be lifted;e)surplus equipment availavility;f)well life. 在人工举升设施选择工作 中，以下六个因素为最重 要的参数：a)初期投资； b)月操作费用/收入指标 ；c)设备寿命；d)需要进 行人工举升的井数；e)有 效备用设施；f)油井寿命 。 36.a mis-sized pump may operate outside the recommended range,overload(or underload)motor or may drawdown the well at a rapid rate which may result in formation damage. 已误选型的泵可能在推荐 范围外工作，过载（或欠 载）的电机可能以极快的 速度抽汲油井而引起地层 损坏。 37.however,in most of the cases,pump intake pressure of about 10- 15kg/cm. 在大多数情况下，泵吸入 口压力在10-15kg/cm就 足够了。 38.in the first case,the viscosity follows the well-established viscosity-temperature relationships and any of the emperical formulas can be used to determine the viscosity at a given temperature and pressure. 在第一种情况下，粘度遵 从既定的粘温曲线，而且 任何一种经验公式都可以 用于确定既定温度压力下 的粘度。 39.with the oilmaster 4-way vavle,a shift of a lever sends the jet to the bottom of the well for production,or pumps it out and latches it in the wellhead for easy removal by one person. 采用oilmaster四通阀， 一个人就可以轻易地通过 改变手柄把射流泵送至井 而产生，泵出泵至井口或 将其锁定在井口。 40.this high-velocity jet stream passes only a fraction of inch throrgh the suction fluid before it enters the jet throat,yet in this smalld space it draws the suction fluid to it ,drives it into the throat,and thoroughly mixes with it as it passes through the short throat. 在进入射流泵喉管之前， 通过吸入流体的高速射流 只有几分之一英寸，在此 狭小的空间里把吸入流体 拽进来并驱入喉管，在通 过短短的喉管时与之完全 混合。 41.the“oilmaster“jet pump is also a “free type“pump for easy retrieval and can operate on oil or water as power fluid. oilmaster“射流泵是一种 自由式泵，回收简单，同 时可以采用油或水作为动 力液。 42.the exit velocity from nozzle may approach 600 miles per hour(880 feet per second). 喷嘴出口流速可达600英 里每小时（800英尺每秒 ）。 43.a subsurface pressure recorder with a six-day clock,such as an amerada or kuster,can be attached to the pump without affecting its operation. 带小时时钟的井下压力计 （如amerada 或kuster) 可以附在泵上而不影响其 工作。 44.the producing bottom hole pressure for most systems will be at aminimum of approximately 300 psi for good operation. 要较好地要作，对大多数 系统来说，最小井底生产 压差约300psi. 45.the success of the final results of the sizing and selection calculations will be directly related to the accuracy of the well dataused in the selection process. 在选择过程中使用的油井 资料精度直接影响选型和 选择