世纪大学英语读写教程U05A.ppt

Unit 5 : Part AUnit 5 : Part A 21st Century College English: Book 221st Century College English: Book 2 Holding On To A DreamHolding On To A Dream Pre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading Activities Intensive StudyIntensive Study ExercisesExercises AssignmentAssignment Intensive StudyIntensive Study Difficult sentencesDifficult sentences Key words, phrases not give up try to keep; not give up e.g.e.g. We should hold onto the house and sell it later when We should hold onto the house and sell it later when prices are higher.prices are higher. They hold on to their principles with a rare firmness.They hold on to their principles with a rare firmness. TranslateTranslate 你应该继续保留着石油股份。你应该继续保留着石油股份。 KeyKey You should hold on to your oil shares.You should hold on to your oil shares. While preparingWhile preparing to graduate from high school in 1987, to graduate from high school in 1987, The The adverbial adverbial V-V-inging phrasesphrases are are used used in in place place of of adverbial adverbial clauses clauses to to express express time time relationship, relationship, cause cause or or reason, reason, circumstances, circumstances, etc etc And And they they may may follow follow afterafter, , since since, , when(ever) when(ever), and , and whilewhile. . More to doMore to do e.g.e.g. After throwing down his jacket, the stranger moved After throwing down his jacket, the stranger moved threateningly towards me.threateningly towards me. He wrote his greatest novel while working on a He wrote his greatest novel while working on a freighter.freighter. 1. 1. He He has has travelledtravelled a a lot, lot, so so he he knows knows a a great great deal deal about about other other culturescultures. . 2. 2. After After she she had had finished finished all all her her housework, housework, she she decided decided to to see see what was on TV.what was on TV. X.Rewrite the following sentences. Having travelled a lot, he knows a great deal about other , he knows a great deal about other culturescultures. . Having finished all her housework, she decided to see what , she decided to see what was on TV.was on TV. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure 读写教程 II: Ex. X, p. 144Ex. X, p. 144 3. 3. Because Because we we had had spent spent nearly nearly all all our our money, money, we we couldncouldnt t afford to stay in a hotel.afford to stay in a hotel. 4. 4. Since Since she she had had forgotten forgotten his his telephone telephone number, number, she she didndidnt t know how to get in touch with him.know how to get in touch with him. Having spent nearly all our money, we , we couldncouldnt afford to t afford to stay in a hotel.stay in a hotel. Having forgotten his telephone number, she , she didndidnt know t know how to get in touch with him.how to get in touch with him. X.Rewrite the following sentences. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure 5. 5. After After he he had had cleaned cleaned the the windows, windows, he he started started to to mop mop the the floor.floor. 6. 6. I I feel feel much much better better now now that that I Iveve taken taken the the medicine medicine you you gave me.gave me. Having cleaned the windows, he started to mop the floor., he started to mop the floor. Having taken the medicine you gave me, I feel much better., I feel much better. X.Rewrite the following sentences. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure Text-related informationText-related information The University of WashingtonThe University of Washington The University of Washington is a stateThe University of Washington is a state -supported institution of higher education-supported institution of higher education occupying a campus of 684 acres in Seattle,occupying a campus of 684 acres in Seattle, Washington State, USA. Founded in 1861,Washington State, USA. Founded in 1861, the university is the oldest publiclythe university is the oldest publicly supported institution on the US Pacificsupported institution on the US Pacific Coast. Instruction was first offered on a campus in what Coast. Instruction was first offered on a campus in what is now the central business district of Seattle. The move is now the central business district of Seattle. The move to the present campus was made in 1895. The university to the present campus was made in 1895. The university library collection containslibrary collection containsover 5 million over 5 million catalogued volumes, an equal number incatalogued volumes, an equal number in microform and several million items in microform and several million items in other formats.other formats. come up withcome up with 1) produce (a sum of money) when it is especially 1) produce (a sum of money) when it is especially needed remaining part of the expensesneeded remaining part of the expenses Chinese TranslationChinese Translation 除了把你欠的除了把你欠的20002000元还给我外，你别无选择。元还给我外，你别无选择。 e.g.e.g. You have no choice but to come up with the $2,000 you You have no choice but to come up with the $2,000 you owe me.owe me. More to learnMore to learn come up withcome up with 2) think of or suggest (a plan or a way of doing2) think of or suggest (a plan or a way of doing sth sth. . esp. esp. a very clever one)a very clever one) e.g.e.g. Weve got a team of experts working on the problem Weve got a team of experts working on the problem lets wait and see what they come up with.lets wait and see what they come up with. TranslateTranslate 如果你不能在十秒内想出这个问题的答案，这次游戏你就出局了。如果你不能在十秒内想出这个问题的答案，这次游戏你就出局了。 KeyKey If you cannot come up with an answer to the question in If you cannot come up with an answer to the question in ten seconds, you are out of the game. ten seconds, you are out of the game. get byget by 1) just manage to survive and have a fairly satisfactory 1) just manage to survive and have a fairly satisfactory life, often used in get by (onlife, often used in get by (on sth sth.) .) e.g.e.g. When I was a student I used to be able to get by on 20 When I was a student I used to be able to get by on 20 yuanyuan a month. a month. TranslateTranslate 他靠这么一点儿薪水怎么过活？他靠这么一点儿薪水怎么过活？ KeyKey How does he get by on such a small salary?How does he get by on such a small salary? More to learnMore to learn get byget by 2) reach a standard that is acceptable but not very 2) reach a standard that is acceptable but not very goodgood e.g.e.g. He should just about get by in the exam.He should just about get by in the exam. Perhaps I can get by in a dark suit.Perhaps I can get by in a dark suit. TranslateTranslate 你的工作还过得去，但要争取更上一层楼。你的工作还过得去，但要争取更上一层楼。 KeyKey Your work could get by, but try to improve it.Your work could get by, but try to improve it. only ifonly if Cf.Cf. “ “If onlyIf only” is used to express a wish, desire or pity.” is used to express a wish, desire or pity. e.g.e.g. If only you had been to the party!If only you had been to the party! If only she could have lived a little longer!If only she could have lived a little longer! “ “Only ifOnly if” is used to describe a condition.” is used to describe a condition. e.g.e.g. I will come only if nothing is said to the press.I will come only if nothing is said to the press. He He will will agree agree to to do do it it only only if if you you promise promise to to keep keep his his secret.secret. More to doMore to do 1. 1. I I wish wish you you could could stay stay longer longer in in Britain Britain your your English English might improve.might improve. 2. 2. Children Children may may enter enter the the club club on on the the condition condition that that they they are are accompanied by adults.accompanied by adults. IX. Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences. If only you could stay longer in Britain you could stay longer in Britain your English your English might improve.might improve. Children may enter the club Children may enter the club only if they are accompanied they are accompanied by adults.by adults. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure 读写教程 II: Ex. IX, p. 143Ex. IX, p. 143 3. 3. Its Its too too bad bad you you didndidn tell tell me me you you had had a a spare spare ticket ticket for for the the show!show! 4. 4. You You can can go go to to the the sky-diving sky-diving exhibition exhibition as as long long as as you you promise you wont try it mise you wont try it yourself. If only youd told me you had a spare ticket for the show! youd told me you had a spare ticket for the show! You can go to the sky-diving exhibition You can go to the sky-diving exhibition only if you promise you promise you wont try it yourself.you wont try it yourself. IX. Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure 5. 5. The The students students at at this this university university are are allowed allowed to to take take up up part-part- time time employment employment on on the the condition condition that that it it doesndoesnt t interfere interfere with their studies.with their studies. 6. 6. Why Why did did she she tell tell my my mother?! mother?! Everything Everything would would have have been been all right.all right. The students at this university are allowed to take up part-The students at this university are allowed to take up part- time employment time employment only if it it doesn doesnt interfere with their t interfere with their studies.studies. If only she she hadnhadnt told my mother,everything would have t told my mother,everything would have been all right.been all right. IX. Study the differences between “only if” and “if only” and rewrite the following sentences as either if only or only if sentences. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure ParaphraseParaphrase ? ? During During these these two two years, years, their their parents parents cannot cannot have have stated stated on on the the tax tax forms forms that that they they were were supported supported by by the the family family (to (to entitle entitle the the family family to to deductions deductions from from its its taxable income).taxable income). During During that that time, time, their their parents parents cannot cannot have have claimed claimed them them as as a a dependent on the familys tax forms.dependent on the familys tax forms. take (a period of time) offtake (a period of time) off have (the time) from ones regular activity (as a break, have (the time) from ones regular activity (as a break, a holiday or for some other activity)a holiday or for some other activity) e.g.e.g. He He usually usually plays plays tennis tennis on on Sunday Sunday but but decided decided to to take that Sunday off.take that Sunday off. He He took took two two hours hours off off to to meet meet his his sister sister at at the the airport. airport. TranslateTranslate 我下周要休假。我下周要休假。 KeyKey Im taking next week off (work).Im taking next week off (work). PostponingPostponing my dream hurt, my dream hurt, The The nominal nominal V-V-inging phrasephrase usually usually occurs occurs in in the the position position of of subject, subject, direct direct object, object, predicative, predicative, appositive, prepositional object, etc.appositive, prepositional object, etc. More to doMore to do e.g.e.g. Seeing is believing.Seeing is believing. No one enjoys deceiving his own people.No one enjoys deceiving his own people. I am tired of being treated like a child.I am tired of being treated like a child. 1. 1. _ (_ (看到自己周围这么多人生活在贫困之中看到自己周围这么多人生活在贫困之中) ) also made a also made a strong impression on her.strong impression on her. 2. 2. _ _ ( (在会上提出这个问题在会上提出这个问题) ) will only cause trouble.will only cause trouble. XI. Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject. Seeing so many people around here living in povertySeeing so many people around here living in poverty Bringing up the subject at the meetingBringing up the subject at the meeting Exercises Exercises StructureStructure 读写教程 II: Ex. XI, p. 144Ex. XI, p. 144 3. 3. _ _ ( (回顾往事回顾往事) ) always makes him feel happy.always makes him feel happy. 4. 4. _ _ ( (考试前熬夜学习考试前熬夜学习) ) will will not not necessarily necessarily improve improve your your scores.scores. Looking back on the pastLooking back on the past Staying up late studying before an examinationStaying up late studying before an examination XI. Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure 5. 5. _ _ ( (既要全日工作，又要成为全日制学生既要全日工作，又要成为全日制学生) ) proved to be proved to be difficult at that time.difficult at that time. 6. 6. _ _ ( (住在家里不付房租住在家里不付房租) ) allowed allowed Priscilla Priscilla to to save save money money for for school.school. Working full-time and being a full-time studentWorking full-time and being a full-time student Living at home rent-freeLiving at home rent-free XI. Complete each of the following sentences, using a V-ing phrase as its subject. Exercises Exercises StructureStructure sign up (for) sign up (for) sign ones name when joining an organization, a sign ones name when joining an organization, a group, group, or a course of studyor a course of study e.g.e.g. What made you decide to sign up for the art course?What made you decide to sign up for the art course? TranslateTranslate 我们不会外出野餐，除非有更多的人报名加入我们不会外出野餐，除非有更多的人报名加入。 KeyKey We will not have the picnic unless more people sign up We will not have the picnic unless more people sign up (for it).(for it). programprogram n.n. plan or schedule of subjects studied for a particular plan or schedule of subjects studied for a particular coursecourse e.g.e.g. A final thesis is required for most Masters programs A final thesis is required for most Masters programs and Doctorate program.and Doctorate program. Her Her new new fitness fitness program program includes includes a a 0.5-mile 0.5-mile jog jog every every morning.morning. shiftshiftn. n. period of time worked by a worker who starts work as period of time worked by a worker who starts work as another finishesanother finishes e.g.e.g. the day/night shiftthe day/night shift work in three shifts work in three shifts make (both) ends meetmake (both) ends meet be able to manage financially because one has just be able to manage financially because one has just enough money for ones needs; live within ones enough money for ones needs; live within ones incomeincome e.g.e.g. They decided to sell their big house to make ends meet.They decided to sell their big house to make ends meet. TranslateTranslate 他设法干两份工作来维持收支平衡。他设法干两份工作来维持收支平衡。 KeyKey He managed to make (both) ends meet with two jobs. He managed to make (both) ends meet with two jobs. he said he would offer me a job that took thirty hours he said he would offer me a job that took thirty hours a montha month he agreed to give me thirty hours a monthhe agreed to give me thirty hours a month settingsettingn.n. a particular set of circumstances or conditionsa particular set of circumstances or conditions e.g. e.g. Working Working in in a a university university setting setting you you cant cant ignore ignore these these things.things. TranslateTranslate 孩子在家应该受到照顾。孩子在家应该受到照顾。 KeyKey Children should be cared for in a home setting.Children should be cared for in a home setting. qualify forqualify for have the right to have or do ( have the right to have or do (sthsth.) .) e.g.e.g. After three years here youll qualify for a rise.After three years here youll qualify for a rise. Our team has qualified for the semi-final. Our team has qualified for the semi-final. TranslateTranslate 他具有博士学位，显然有资格接任这项工作。他具有博士学位，显然有资格接任这项工作。 KeyKey With a Doctorate degree, he obviously qualifies for the job.With a Doctorate degree, he obviously qualifies for the job. as of / fromas of / from starting from starting from e.g.e.g. The new timetable will come into effect as from The new timetable will come into effect as from tomorrow.tomorrow. TranslateTranslate 从下周开始，我将一直在家工作。从下周开始，我将一直在家工作。 KeyKey As of next week, I will be working at home.As of next week, I will be working at home. stay upstay up do not go to bed do not go to bed e.g.e.g. The children wanted to stay up late on Christmas eve, The children wanted to stay up late on Christmas eve, but their mother managed to put them to bed before but their mother managed to put them to bed before eleveneleven TranslateTranslate 直到半夜他还没睡，一直在读书。直到半夜他还没睡，一直在读书。 KeyKey He stayed up reading until midnight.He stayed up reading until midnight. end up with/doing (end up with/doing (sthsth.) .) receive/do ( receive/do (sthsth.) in the end (esp) in the end (esp. sth sth. One originally did . One originally did not expect)not expect) e.g.e.g. At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing.ended up apologizing. TranslateTranslate 经过许多努力，他们终于签了合同经过许多努力，他们终于签了合同。 KeyKey After much effort, they ended up with a contractAfter much effort, they ended up with a contract. . test outtest out test as fully as possible; examine thoroughlytest as fully as possible; examine thoroughly e.g. e.g. He conducted experiments to test out his ideas. He conducted experiments to test out his ideas. The drug is quite safe. We have tested it out on animals. The drug is quite safe. We have tested it out on animals. throw oneself intothrow oneself into put much effort, time and keenness into (a particular put much effort, time and keenness into (a particular activity, etc.); do (activity, etc.); do (sthsth.) with a lot