新视野大学英语读写教程（第二版）第三册 Unit 9 Section B Is the Traditional Family Structure at Risk1.ppt

contents reading skills test yourself reading comprehension n h c e 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社空军工程大学空军工程大学 predicting the writers ideas introductionintroduction practicepractice like the other skills for your use, the skill like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you better introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.able in reading. this practice is designed to help you get a this practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.deeper insight into the skill for this unit. n h c e 自测课文 introductionintroduction n h c e 自测课文back 阅读实践 随 笔 predicting the writers ideas as we learned in unit 9, book 2, making predictions is an important part of active reading. we cant always predict every detailand writers sometimes surprise us with unexpected ideasbut we can often anticipate the general direction the writer is going. making predictions while you read keeps your mind alert; its a way to double check your comprehension of what youve read so far; and it can be a great aid to understanding what comes next. n h c e practicepractice 自测课文back 阅读技巧 随 笔 directionsdirections as you read the following passage, see if you can predict the general direction of the writers thinking. to help you predict, there are questions. be sure to answer these questions before you go on reading. reading comprehension choice making4. passage reading3. questions previewing2. new words1. n h c e 自测技巧 n h c e new wordsnew words 自测技巧back 问题预览 课文阅读 随 笔 阅读理解 undergovt.经历；经受 concludevt. 推断；得出结论; 结束；完成 orderlya.整齐的；井然有序的 householdn./a. 家庭;一家人 / 家庭的;家用的 releasevt. 发布; 释放，放出 counciln.委员会 graphn.图表；曲线图 findingn. (usu. pl.) 调查(或研究)结果 abandonvt. 抛弃；遗弃; 放弃；中止 abandonment n.抛弃；放弃；中止 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 dissolvevt./v. 解除;解散 / 溶解 frequencyn.频率 primea. 最好的; 首要的；主要的 burdenn.负担 overtakevt./v. (overtook, overtaken) 控制 / 超过 themen.主题 agendan.议程 industrialize vt. (bre industrialise)（使）工业化 maintainvt. 赡养；保持；维持; 保养 contributev. 贡献;捐助; ( to sth.) 促使, 促成 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 cashn.现金 hayn.干草 varyv.（使）不同；改变 adequate a.足够的；令人满意的 optionala.可选的；非强制的 inflationn.通货膨胀 weavevt. (wove, woven) 编; 织; 编造 textilen.纺织品，织物 casuala.漠不关心的；放松的，随意的 migratevi. 移居，迁移; (of animals)迁徙 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 scrapevt.刮；擦 currencyn.货币，通货 urgenta.紧急的，急迫的 awarenessn.意识；认识 subtractv.减去，扣除 scholarshipn.奖学金 transportation n. 交通; 运输 pursen.（女式）钱包 trimvt. 削减，缩减; 修理；修剪 debtn.债；欠款 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 rarea.稀少的；罕见的 extensivea.大量的；广泛的 invisiblea.看不见的 serve as担任；起作用 dozens of许多；数十个 vary from to从到不同 to the point达到的程度 go on to sth.继续做（另一件事） scrape by勉强生活 judith bruce 朱迪思布鲁斯（人名） 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 the population council 人口委员会 ghana加纳（西非国家） the philippines菲律宾（东南亚国家） bangladesh孟加拉国（南亚国家） argentina阿根廷（南美洲中南部国家） malaysia马来西亚（东南亚国家） 课文阅读 n h c e questions previewingquestions previewing 自测技巧back 词汇学习 随 笔 阅读理解 introductionintroduction for you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “fast reading”, text b can serve to be your fast-reading material. but, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming. thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. that is where the “question previewing” comes in. 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 随 笔 阅读理解 q. 1 the family structure is undergoing extreme changes in _. q. 2 in modern families, _. q. 3 divorce rates in less-developed countries are _. q. 4 in the north of europe, unmarried mothers account for _. 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 随 笔 阅读理解 q. 5 it can be known that _. q. 6 to give their children a good life, women everywhere are finding that _. q. 7 many developing countries will _. q. 8 it can be inferred that _. 课文阅读 n h c e passage readingpassage reading 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 prediction 1 consider the title which is a question. whats the answer to the question? and in what sense? yes. in the sense that “the structure of family life is undergoing extreme changes”. is the traditional family structure at risk? n h c e passage readingpassage reading 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 chinese is the traditional family structure at risk? para. 1 around the world, in rich and poor countries alike, the structure of family life is undergoing extreme changes, a new analysis of research from numerous countries has concluded. 句型 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 2 “the idea that the family is a stable and orderly unit in which father serves as economic provider and mother serves as emotional care giver is a myth,” said judith bruce, a leading author of the study. “the reality is that trends like unmarried mothers, rising divorce rates and smaller households are not unique to america, but are occurring worldwide.” chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 3 the report was released tuesday by the population council, an international organization based in new york that studies issues related to child bearing. its graphs combine information obtained from a variety of population and household studies from dozens of countries. para. 4 a summary of the major findings: chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 prediction 2 what are the major findings about? they are about marriages, parents, unmarried mothers, and children in single- parent households. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 5 whether because of abandonment, separation, divorce or death of a spouse, marriages are dissolving with increasing frequency. in many developed countries, divorce rates doubled between 1970 and 1990, and in less-developed countries, about a quarter of first marriages end by the time women are in their 40s. chinese para. 6 parents in their prime working years face growing burdens caring for children, who need to be supported through more years of education, and for their own parents, who are living longer. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 7 unmarried mothers are increasingly common virtually everywhere, reaching as many as a third of all births in the north of europe, for example. para. 8 children in single-parent households usually families with only a mother present are much more likely to be overtaken by poverty than those who live with two parents, largely because of the loss of support from the fathers. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 9 even in households where fathers are present, mothers are carrying increasing economic responsibility for children. para. 10 the theme that families are changing in similar ways, even in very different cultures, should bring about new thinking on social policy, experts say, and in particular an increase in the importance of families in the agenda of governments. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 prediction 3 what does the population council report say about womens working hours both at home and on the job in comparison to men? it says women tend to work longer hours than men both at home and on the job. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 11 the population council report says women around the world tend to work longer hours than men, both at home and on the job. in studies of seventeen less-developed countries, womens work hours exceeded mens by 30 percent. data from twelve industrialized countries found that women employed in regular jobs worked about 20 percent longer hours than regularly employed men. para. 12 womens economic contributions also are becoming increasingly important. chinese 句型 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 13 in ghana, the report said, a third of households with children are maintained primarily by women. para. 14 in the philippines, women were found to contribute about a third of households cash income, but 55 percent of household support if the economic value of their activities at home, such as growing food or gathering hay to feed the family donkey, is included. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 15 in the united states, a survey released earlier this month found that nearly half of employed married women contribute half or more of their familys income. para. 16 while the reasons for entering the work force may vary from country to country, women everywhere are finding that to give their children an adequate life, getting a job is no longer optional. high rates of inflation may raise prices to the point where women are forced to earn money themselves. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 prediction 4 what do you think the next paragraph will be about? it will be one to illustrate why getting a job is no longer optional for women. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 17 “in traditional bangladesh, a woman may need to get a job weaving textiles because her husband was much older, and died while the children were still young,” ms. bruce said. “in africa, an eighteen-year-old woman might need a job because she had a baby before marriage and has only a casual relationship with the father, or she might have a husband who goes on to another marriage and supports the children of that union.” chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 18 “in asia,” she added, “the husband may have migrated for better economic opportunities and stopped sending money after a year or two. and everywhere, parents are finding that there are fewer jobs that pay enough to allow a family to scrape by financially.” even among rural people in less-developed countries, she said, the need for currency is becoming more urgent. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 19a “parents all over the world have an increasing awareness of the importance of learning, and that their children will need to be able to read and write and use numbers,” ms. bruce said. “that means that instead of working with them in the fields, their 6-year-old is in school learning the alphabet and how to add and subtract. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 19b as there are usually no scholarships, the money to pay for school fees, uniforms, transportation and supplies must come from the parents purse.” the fact that many developing countries must trim money from public education as part of their debt-reduction plans creates further pressure on families, she said. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 20 one apparent exception to the general trends is japan, where single-parent households and unmarried mothers have remained relatively rare. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 prediction 5 who earn more income? and who contribute a larger proportion of their income to their family? fathers income usually exceeds mothers income, but it is women who usually contribute a larger proportion of their income to their family. n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 21 the population council report found that while most countries have done extensive research on women as mothers, men as fathers have been virtually invisible to researchers. but studies have found that although fathers income usually exceeds mothers income, women usually contribute a larger proportion of their income to their household, while men keep more for their personal use, such as for entertainment. chinese n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 阅读理解 para. 22 collecting child support (money paid by divorced fathers to support their children) is also difficult. among divorced fathers, three quarters in japan, almost two thirds in argentina, half in malaysia and two fifths in the united states do not pay child support, the report said. chinese n h c e choice makingchoice making 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 1. the family structure is undergoing extreme changes _. a. in rich countries b. in poor countries c. in rich and poor countries refer to para.1 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 2. 2. in modern families, _. a. fathers assume the role of economic providers b. mothers stay at home to take care of children c. parents dont stick to their traditional role refer to para.2 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 refer to para. 5 3. 3. divorce rates in less-developed countries are _. a. decreasing b. increasing c. unchanged 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 4. in the north of europe, unmarried mothers account for _. a. one third of all births b. two thirds of all births c. one fourth of all births refer to para.7 课文阅读 5. it can be known that _. a. men tend to work longer hours than women b. women tend to work longer hours than men c. both men and women tend to work longer hours than before n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 refer to para.11 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 6. to give their children a good life, women everywhere are finding that _. a. it is preferable for them to stay at home b. working is no longer compulsory c. getting a job is a must refer to para.16 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 7. many developing countries will _. a. increase their public education budget b. reduce their public education budget c. keep their public education budget unchanged refer to para.19b 课文阅读 n h c e 自测技巧back 词汇学习 问题预览 随 笔 8. it can be inferred that _. a. men have rarely been surveyed in most countries b. japan is also among the general trend with more single-parent households c. divorce fathers are main contributors to their childrens support refer to paras.20 10 _ _ _ _. n h c e 课文技巧back the percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry 阅读填空 随 笔 reverse theres not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals there has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. 11 _ _ _ _, a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children. n h c e 课文技巧back so, the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent the proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment 阅读填空 随 笔 n h c e in-depth readingin-depth reading 课文技巧back in this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. you are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank above the passage. read the passage through carefully before making your choices. directions: 复合听写 随 笔 rebuildcutinquiry sense longerutterlynational moralaffection itself indication nationwide dependencybetteractually n h c e 课文技巧back while still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states at least in getting people off welfare. its estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994. in the past four years, welfare rolls in athens county have been 1 _ in half. but 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took cut 复合听写 随 笔 rebuildcutinquiry sense longerutterlynational moralaffection itself indication nationwide dependencybetteractually n h c e 课文技巧back jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. the result: the athens county poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent twice the 2 _ average. for advocates (代言人) for the poor, thats an 3 _ much more needs to be done. “more people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any 4 _,” says kathy national indication 复合听写 随 笔 better rebuildcutinquiry sense longerutterlynational moralaffection itself indication nationwide dependencybetteractually n h c e 课文技巧back lairn, a policy analyst at the center on budget and policy priorities in washington. a center analyst of us census data 5 _ found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but average income for these households 6 _ went down. nationwide actually 复合听写 随 笔 rebuildcutinquiry sense longerutterlynational moralaffection itself indication nationwide dependencybetteractually n h c e 课文技巧back but for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in 7 _ a huge victory. “welfare was a poison. it was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,” says robert rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “the reform is changing the 8 _ climate itself 复合听写 随 笔 moral rebuildcutinquiry sense longerutterlynational moralaffection itself indication nationwide dependencybetteractually n h c e 课文技巧back in low-income communities. its beginning to 9 _ the work ethic, whi