国际商务英语+考核作业.doc

国际商务英语综合试题综合试题1 ITranslate the following words and expressions (10%) () From English into Chinese 1. manufactured goods 制成品 2. protectionist measures 保护措施 3. securities exchange 证劵交易 4. comparative 比较优势 5. Gross National Product 国民生产总值 () From Chinese into English 6. 最惠国待遇 Most-Favored Nation Treatment 7. 宽限期 grace period 8. 不可以撤销信用证 irrevocable letters of credit 9. 运输单据 transportation documents, 10. 金边债券 gilt bond . Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right (5%) 11. compulsory a. policy to restrict imports ( d ) 12. trade barriers b. unit cost getting low with the increasing of quantity. ( a ) 13. specialization c. products produced with efficiency ( c ) 14. trade terms d. something must have be done ( e ) 15. economics of scale: e. trade rules set by ICC ( b ). Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (20%)16. quota quota: the limited quantities or value of imports made by government for consideration to protect domestic industries. 17. PPP PPP: purchasing power parity, a decisive factor for the change of exchange rate. 18. deregulation deregulation: government lowers or abolishes some restrictive domestic or foreign economic policies and make the economic activity develop more freely. 19. infrastructure infrastructure: large-scale public services such as transportation, communication equipments.20. indemnity indemnity: a basic idea in all branches of insurance that the insured should be in the same position after a loss as he was before it, neither richer nor poorer as a result of loss. Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate words (10% )Differs, Which, predecessor, mechanism. In one word, one, permanent, services, settle , World Bank Instead of being a mere replacement of GATT, the WTO 21_differs_ from its22 _predecessor_ in several prominent dimension. Firstly, as the name suggests, he GATT is only an agreement, or more exactly an interim secretariat, 23_In one word_ an organization entity in the true sense, while WTO is a full-fledged 24_permanent_ organization. Secondly WTO has a much broader mandate promoting trade liberalization of goods and 25_services_.Thirdly, the WTO has established far greater enforcement powers to 26_settle_ trade frictions among member countries, 27_Which_ is called dispute settlement 28_mechanism_ . WTO has become 29_one_ of important three international economic organizations. The others two are 30._World Bank_ and International Monetary Funds. . Translate the following into English (25%)31. 及时库存制源于日本，现在已经被很多国家企业采纳。 Just-in-time inventory system originated from Japan and it has been widely adopted by many foreign enterprises of all over the world. 32. 国际贸易中常见的运输方式有水路、铁路、公路、管道及航空运输。 The widely -adopted transportation modes in international business are water, rail, roads, pipeline and air transport. 33. 证劵所起着两种作用，它既是长期资本的融资市场，又是各类投资证劵的交易市场。 The Stock Exchange plays two fundamental roles: one for capital raising market, the other for exchange market of various investment securities . 34. 强制性的自动补偿措施是联合国贸易与发展会议解决发展中国家贸易条件恶化的重要方案。 Compulsory and automatic compensatory measures are considered as a solution to solve the problem of deteriorating trade terms in developing countries. 35. 外汇汇率有三种形式，即买入价、卖出价和中间价格。 Foreign exchange rate has three types: buying rate, selling rate and middle rate or price. . Translate the following into Chinese (15%)36. Economic globalization means the world is moving away from self-contained national economies toward an interdependent, integrated global economic system. There exist many reasons for it: firstly, government deregulations and falling trade barriers make it easier to sell internationally, secondly, the tastes and preferences of consumers are converging on some global norm, thirdly, the dramatically rapid development of information technology is also an imperative driver. Economic globalization has two facets, one is globalization of production, the other globalization of market.经济全球化指的是世界正在从封闭的国家经济变得越来越相互依存的、更加一体化的全球经济体制。很多原因导致经济一体化：首先，各国政府管制放松、贸易壁垒的下降使全球销售变得更加方便； 其次，消费者的消费兴趣、偏好更趋于国际全球标准，当然，信息技术的快速发展也是经济全球化不可或缺的原因。经济全球化有两种形式，一是生产全球化，二是销售全球化。. Answer the following questions in English (15%) 37.what is the theory of absolute advantage .It is Adam Smith theory of international division of labor. It argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient ( lower cost and price ) than any other country in producing it. A country should produce these products with more efficiency and import those produced more efficiency in other countries. 38. What is the Brentton Woods System.Brentton Woods System was an international monetary system established in 1944, Under which, U.S dollar was pegged to gold, dollar was the currency for international reserves, and it performed fixed exchange rate. 综合试题2ITranslate the following words and expressions (10%) () From English into Chinese 1. Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值 2. Non-discrimination principle 非歧视原则 3. option 期权 4. EDI 电子数据交换 5. port of destination 目的港 () From Chinese into English 6. 提单 bill of lading 7. 非关税壁垒 non-tariff barriers 8. 外汇管制 foreign exchange control 9. 贸易术语 trade terms 10. 反倾销 anti-dumping. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right (5%) 11. purchase power a. gain from providing license service ( d ) 12. integration b. non-tariff trade barriers limiting imports ( c ) 13. patent c. more interdependent of an activity ( e ) 14. royalty d. the ability to buy products ( a ) 15. quota e. intellectual products such brand. ( b ). Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (20%)16. Letters of Credit Letters of Credit: a letter issued by a bank at the request of importer in which the bank promised to pay upon presentation of the relevant documents by exporter.17. arbitrationarbitration: the setting of a dispute by means of a neutral third party according to the arbitration agreement between buyers and sellers. 18. BOTBOT: means building, operation and transfer. A type of international investment, home party is charge of building a project, operate the project in a given time and transfer all the project into host party.19. Bill of LadingBill of Lading is one of the most important documents in foreign trade, with which the legal holder can take delivery of the goods at the port of destination. 20. free trade areafree trade area: member nations cancel tariff barriers to free flow of goods and services, while keep independent tariff policy to non-members. . Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate words (10% ) Counterparts, competition, challenges, agriculture intensified, protectionist, barriers, victim, restrict, committed Despite all the achievements, China still faces big 21_challenges_. The first is the 22_protectionist_ measures prevalent in some countries that place various 23_barriers_ to trade. They 24_restrict_ anti-dumping policy to 25_restrict_ the export expansion of China, and made China the largest 26_victim_ of anti-dumping investigation. The second is the increasing 27_competition_ faced by Chinese service sectors, because the foreign28_Counterparts_ enjoy national treatment. The third is the challenge faced by the 29_agriculture_. China 30_committed_ _itself to into the WTO not to provide any export subsidy for its agricultural products. . Translate the following into English (25%)31. 信用证付款方式要求各种单证上所列的商品名称、数量、金额等项目要与信用证所列项目严格一致。In the contract of LC payment, all items list on different documents such as the name of goods, quantity, amount must be in strict conformity with those in the LC. 32. 货物保险的宗旨在于将风险从被保险人转移到保险人的活动。 The mandate of transportation insurance is to transfer the risk from the insured to the insurers. 33. 有形贸易一般指国际贸易中的货物贸易，无形贸易一般指服务贸易。 Goods trade in international trade usually is referred to visible trade, while service trade is usually referred to invisible trade. 34. 对外直接投资是国际投资的主要方式，直接投资通常有绿地投资、兼并和合资的形式。 Foreign Indirect Investment is the major form of international investment. FDI usually has three categories of Greenfield, acquisition and Joint venture. 35. 初级市场是投资人购买政府和企业债券的市场。 The primary market is where the investors buy the securities issuing by corporation and government. Translate the following into Chinese (15%)36. Ricardos theory of comparative advantage suggests that countries should specialize in the production of those goods they produce most efficiently and buy goods that they produce less efficiently from other countries, even if this means buying goods from other countries that they could produce more efficiently at home.大卫李嘉图的比较优势理论认为，一国应该生产和出口本国生产效率更高的产品，从国外进口本国生产效率相对低的产品。尽管这意味着有些国家本国的生产效率比进口国还高，但还要从进口国购买该产品。. Answer the following questions in English (15%) 37. What is the mandate of World Trade Organization. The mandates of WTO are to establish a multilateral trade system to liberalize world trade, to promote the production and exchanges among members, to raise the level of members. 38. How many levels of Regional Economic Integration. There are four levels of regional economic integration: free trade area, customs union, common market and economic union. 综合试题3ITranslate the following words and expressions (10%) () From English into Chinese 1. turnkey project 交钥匙工程 2. international business 国际商务 3. sophisticated technology 先进技术 4. controversy 争议 5. contracting party 合同双方 () From Chinese into English 6. 通货 currency 7. 普通股 equity 8. 经纪人 broker 9. 并购 acquisition 10. 库存 inventory . Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right (5%) 11. beneficiary a. the company that can make use of LC to get paid for its exports ( a ) 12. optimal b. that must be done ( e ) 13. force jajeure c. the total annual income of the state ( d ) 14.revenue d. social and natural calamities ( c ) 15. compulsory e. best or most favorable ( b ). Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (20%)16. Letters of Credit LC :a letter issued by a bank at the request of importer in which the bank promised to pay upon presentation of the relevant documents by exporter. 17. customs union customs union: abolish tariff to free trade among member countries and adopt identical tariff rate against non-members. 18. counter offer counter offer: a proposal made in response to an offer. 19. hyper inflation hyper inflation: an extreme form of inflation, namely, prices rise dramatically in short a time. 20. specialization specialization: a country should produce and export the products with absolute or comparative advantage, while import the products without advantage. . Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate words (10% ) Issue, securities, long, in, other, exists, through, those, raised, regulated The Stock Exchange has 21_long_ served the needs of government, industry and investors 22_in_ providing the central market place for the 23_issue_ and trading of 24_securities_. Many people save or invest money in some form or 25_other_. The International Stock Exchange 26_exist_ to provide a channel 27_through_ which these savings can reach 28_those_ who need finance. Under the 29_regulated_ framework, long term capital in the form of tradable securities can be 30_raised_. Translate the following into English (25%)31. 经济全球化的主要推动力是各国贸易管制放松、信息技术发展及各国生产要素及经济发展水平的差异。 main drivers for economic globalization are: decline of trade barriers or deregulation, the rapid development of information technology, the differences in factors of production and economic level among countries all over the world. 32. 国际商务同国内商务活动比较在法律规章、使用通货、文化、自然和经济环境上有很多不同。 compared with domestic business, international business varies in legal system, currency used, cultural background, and natural and economic conditions. 33.国际贸易术语解释通则是国际商会为各国对外贸易中使用最普遍的贸易术语提供一套解释规则。 The purpose the Inconterms from ICC is to set of international rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade. 34. 书面合同是双方协议的凭证及执行协议的基础。 A Written contact is signed as the proof of the agreement and as the basis for the performance of the contract. 35. 同托收比较，信用证是银行信用，对卖方更加安全。 Compared with documentary collection under commercial credit, LC is of bankers credit , which means less risk to exporters. . Translate the following into Chinese (15%)36. Regional economic integration refers to agreements between countries in a geographic region to reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers to the free flow of goods, services, and factors of production between each other. Regional trade agreements are designed to promote free trade, but instead the world may be moving toward a situation in which a number of regional trade blocks compete against each other 地区经济一体化指的是地理位置上接近的国家之间通过协议降低关税和非关税壁垒，实现货物、服务及生产要素在成员国间的自由流动。地区间协定设定的目的是促成区内自由贸易，但是对于整个世界逐步变成为多个区域经贸集团之间的竞争。. Answer the following questions in English (15%) 37. 区域经济一体化，作为国家整体是受益的，但同时会导致某些集团利益受损。 Economic integration can cause: while a nation as a whole may benefit from a regional free trade agreement, certain groups may lose。 38. 反倾销是进口国海关对有倾销行为的进口商品征收的一种税收。 Antidumping is a kind of importing tariff levied by the Customs of importing country against importers which dump in importing countries. 综合试题4ITranslate the following words and expressions (10%) () From English into Chinese 1. endowment of nature 自然禀赋 2. grace period 宽限期 3. beneficiary of LC 信用证受益人 4. international reserve 国际储备 5. open account 赊账 () From Chinese into English 6. 资本市场 capital market 7. 保兑信用证 confirmed credit 8. 开证行 issuing bank 9. 货物净重 net weight 10. 水渍险 with particular average . Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right (5%)11. banknote a .way by which a place can be reached or used ( c ) 12. endowment b. something given or received as an equivalent for loss ( d )13.loans c. printed paper money issued by a countrys central bank ( e ) 14. access d. a natural gift or ability ( a ) 15. compulsory e. something lent for interest income ( b ). Make brief explanations of the following terms in English (20%)16. issuing bank issuing bank: the bank issuing Letters of Credit by the applicant of LC, will take the responsibility to pay the beneficiary (exporter ) upon the documents in conformity with the LC. 17. tariff tariff: a tax levied by the importing Customs against importers.18. home country and host country home country and host country: the terms in the field of FDI. the former is the country capital flows from the latter is the country capital flows in. 19. applicant of LC applicant of LC: the person or company apply to a bank for issuing LC to pay beneficiary(exporter). Applicant usually is importer. 20. multilateral agreement multilateral agreement: an agreement is established by more than two countries. WTO is the a best example of multilateral agreement. . Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate words (10% ) held laid down formulate improve standpoint majority share deteriorating compensatory introduced The first United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was 21_held_ in Geneva in 1964. Although no specific objectives were 22_laid down_ at first conference, the general function of UNCTAD is to 23_formulate_, negotiate and implement measures to 24_improve_ the development process. The specific 25_standpoint_ and aims of the less-developed countries or the 26_majority_ of the participating countries may be summarized as follows: The 27_share_of the less-developed countries in world trade in decreasing, their trade terms with developed countries are constantly 28_deteriorating_. So the conference set forth the rules that are compulsory and automatic 29_compensatory_ measure has been 30_introduced_. . Translate the following into English (25%)31. 贸易术语最基本的含义是明确一项合同价格的构成、买卖双方的责任义务及货物运输风险的划分。 The basic content of trade terms is to provide a set of international rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade. In one word, trade term is to define the respective responsibility, division of international goods transportation between buyers and sellers. 32. 即时库存管理系统的引进能最低限度地降低库存，提高经济效益。 The introduction of just-in-time inventory management system can minimize the inventory of the stock so as to increase the efficiency of the operation. 33. 在赔偿保险索赔时，凭借保险合同，保险公司将使受损人的利益恢复到发生损害前的同等状况。 In compensating claims, insurance company will restore the insured to the position he was in before a loss occurred. 34