英语语法-动词ing形式.ppt

1. 动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形 式。如： do - doing, be - being, ask - asking, etc. 否定形式：not+ -ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人 称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和 状语，还有时态和语态的变化。 -ing 形式 -ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语 和状语的用法 European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A.making B. makes C. made D. to make 解析 making it the popular sport in the world为现在分词短语作结果状语 ，这类分词短语常放在句子的后 面。如： His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 动名词：在句子中起名次作用，可作主，宾 ，表，定的成分。 动名词的形式 主动形式被动形式 一般 式 doingbeing done 完成 式 having done having been done 1. The ving form used as subject: It is necessary to get water from wet to dry place. Getting water from wet to dry places is necessary. It cost nothing to wish for thing. Wishing for things cost nothing. 2. The ving form used as object. He likes helping others. Object v. +object prep. + object 1) v. + object admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, escape, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practice, suggest, etc. He suggested practising speaking English in and out of class. 只接v-ing作宾语的动词有： 只接v-ing作宾语的词组有: give up, put off, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, lead to, devote. to, make a contribution to, feel like, stick to He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 2) prep. + Object 1. 动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以 使用形式主语it it，而将动名词或不定式 放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜 用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替： Its no use doing Its no good doing Its a waste of time doing 例如： Its no use going there today; he wont be at home. Its a waste of time arguing about it. 而在Its important/necessary/advisable/ essential/fitting 这类句型中，只能用 不定式，如： Its important to learn foreign languages. 2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接 跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作 宾语，则构成“ allowadviseforbid permit 名词代词不定式（宾语补 足语）”之形式。如： We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here 3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要 ”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式 的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如 ： The window needsrequireswants cleaningto be cleaned 4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start 后用动 名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意 义没有多大区别。 5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, cant help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大 ，须注意: forget, regret, remember后跟动名词 ，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟 不定式表示将要发生的动作。 go on doing 继续继续 做原来做的事 go on to do 接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事 mean to do 想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来（别别的事）开始 做某事 try doing 试试着做某事 try to do 努力做某事 be used to doing 习惯习惯 于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事 cant help doing 禁不住做某事 cant help to do 不能帮助做某事 Lets have a rest Not now. I dont want to stop _ yet A. study B. to study C. for studying D. studying 解析：stop studying意为“停止学习”。 Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday？ A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told 解析: remember telling me意为 “记得曾经告诉过我”。 怎么判断是动名词还是现在分词呢？ 方法一： My job is teaching. Teaching is my job. The boy is sleeping. Sleeping is the boy. A girl is dancing. Dancing is the girl. 找出右边成立的句子。 动名词 现在分词 现在分词 在做表语的时候： 作表语 （1）动名词 My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job. Her full-time job is laying eggs. =Laying eggs is her full-time job. 作表语 （2）现在分词 The play is exciting. Exciting is the play. The story he told us was very interesting. Interesting was the story he told us. 方法二：在做定语的时候： a drinking cupa cup for drinking the sleeping boya boy for sleeping a cooking pan a pan for cooking 找出右边成立的句子。 动名词 动名词 现在分词 现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词 ，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语， 放就放在被修饰的名词之后。 动名词作定语表示性质或用途。 总结： 现在分词做宾补的时候，表示正在进行 的动作。 e.g. I saw the boy crying sadly. V + sb.+ doing sth. 像这样的单词还有： make、let、have、look at、 listen to see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, find, leave等。 能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词 有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们 记住： make, let, have, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, feel. 对了，用“三让、三看、两听、 注意感觉”。多简单！ 1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired Exercise 2. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing 3. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 4. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking 5. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh 6. Though it sounds a bit too dear ( 昂贵), it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it 7. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied 8. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation 9. The microscope is used for_ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine 10. Mike has got used _ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. / C. to sitting D. sitting 11. Once the heart stops _, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating 12. We are now busy _ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared 13. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) _ others. A. being infected(感染) B. infecting C. to infect D. infected 14. Your clothes need _. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed 15. _ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while _ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed 1. All the staff on our company are considering _to the city centre for the fashi