新概念汽车实用英语.ppt

1 书名：新概念汽车实用英语 ISBN： 978-7-111-32551-2 作者：毛矛 出版社：机械工业出版社 本书配有电子课件 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 新概念汽车实用英语 UNIT TWO 2 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES VIN （Vehicle Identification Number） 车辆识别代码 sort of 有几分；近似；在一定程度上 fingerprint figprint n. 指纹 v. 取指纹 3 A large rodent that looks sort of like a rabbit 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES windshield windi:ld n. 挡风玻璃 keep track of 记录； 掌握的线索； 留心的发展 4 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES deter dit: v. 阻止；使不敢 affix fiks v. 附于；署名；粘贴 5 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES database deitbeis n. 数据库 rollover rul,uv n. 滚动翻转；倾翻；翻车 6 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES sticker stik n. 尖刀；贴纸 sill sil n. 窗台；门槛；框梁 7 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES glove compartment （汽车仪表板上的）贮物箱 （亦作 glove box） cars title 车辆登记证书（亦作auto title ） 8 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES conform knf:m v. 遵照；适应；顺从；符合 assemble sembl v. 聚集；集合；装配 9 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES split into 分成；分为；分裂成 division divin n. 除法；区分；分开；部门 10 新概念汽车实用英语 高职高专 ppt 课件 WORDS AND PHRASES platform pltf:m n. 平台；月台；讲台；坛 sedan sidn n. 轿车 11 WORDS AND PHRASES hatchback htbk n. 掀背式轿车 engine displacement 发动机排量 12 WORDS AND PHRASES go through 通过；经历 transcribe trnskraib v. 抄写；译写 13 WORDS AND PHRASES and so forth 等等；依次类推；诸如此类 stringent strindnt a. 严格的；严重的； 严密的；有力的 for a fee 收费的；谋生 14 WORDS AND PHRASES MVR （Motor Vehicle Records） 机动车档案 lemon lemn n. 柠檬；劣货；次品； 无用的东西；讨厌的家伙 15 WORDS AND PHRASES odometer dmit n. 里程表 etching eti n. 浸蚀；蚀刻；蚀镂 16 WORDS AND PHRASES unprofitable ,nprfitbl a. 无利可图的；无效益的；徒劳的 cover up 盖住；遮住；裹住；掩盖；掩饰；包庇 17 TEXT：VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) are unique identification sequences on every car manufactured in many countries. These numbers are sort of like a fingerprint for a car. They help to keep track of problems, ownership changes, and deter theft. 18 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER A VIN is a 17-character sequence containing both numbers and letters. It is affixed to every car, truck or trailer made in the United States after 1981. No two cars built within 30 years of each other can have the same VIN. The Motor Vehicle Records database tracks information on a VIN, such as when the car was inspected, when it changed ownership and if it was involved in a serious crash, rollover or flood. 19 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER On most cars, you can find the VIN on the dashboard on the drivers side, and its visible through the windshield from outside the car, as shown in the figure. It is usually on a sticker or plate on the inside of the drivers side door or on the frame sill where the door closes. The VIN is sometimes printed inside the glove compartment, and its usually on the cars title and/or on insurance documents. 20 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The United States Department of Transportation created a consistent, unified VIN system in 1981. The VIN system conforms to a standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization in 1977. Manufacturers use all letters and numbers, with the exception of the letters I, O and Q. 21 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER Each character in a VIN has a specific meaning, and the VIN is broken up into sections. The first section identifies the manufacturer of the vehicle, and uses the first three digits: 22 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The first digit identifies the nation of origin. If the car was assembled from parts produced in different countries, this digit reflects the nation where the car was assembled. Some larger nations are split into regions. For example, cars built in Japan are assigned a J in the first digit. But cars made in the U.S. can have a 1, 4 or 5, depending on the region of its assembly. 23 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The second digit identifies the manufacturer of the vehicle. In the United States, the Society for Automotive Engineers issues manufacturer codes. The third digit identifies a division within the manufacturer or a general vehicle type. For example, the code for an American-made Ford is 1F, and depending on the type of vehicle, it may be a 1FA, 1FB and so on. 24 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The next five digits, four through eight, describe the vehicle. The specific use of these digits differs from one manufacturer to another. Here is an example that includes common code elements: The fourth digit might contain a code that represents the vehicles weight, horsepower or both. 25 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The fifth digit often identifies the platform of the vehicle, such as van, pickup truck, trailer, sedan, and so on. The sixth digit can be a special code used by the manufacturer, or it might identify the specific model of the vehicle, such as Corvette, Durango or Mustang. 26 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The seventh digit can be used to identify body type, such as four-door, two-door, hatchback or convertible. The eighth digit is used for information about the engine, such as number of cylinders and engine displacement. 27 convertible VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER Digits four through eight might also be coded for information on the transmission used, the grade of the car, or other features such as safety belts and air bags. The next three digits are consistent among all manufacturers: 28 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The ninth digit is always a check digit. The other digits in the VIN go through a series of calculations to obtain the correct check digit. This allows computers to tell immediately if there is an error in the VIN, which often happens when someone transcribes a VIN or enters it into a computer. 29 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The model year digit is the tenth digit. Each year has a code character. 2001 was given code 1, 2002 is code 2, and so forth. The eleventh digit is the plant code, representing the factory where the car was assembled. 30 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER The last six digits, 12 through 17, are production sequence numbers, although small manufacturers that make fewer than 500 cars per year use the 12th, 13th and 14th digits as additional manufacturer identification codes. Production sequence numbers identify the vehicle itself, sort of like a serial number. 31 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER Since each manufacturer has a different code, and each car produced by the same factory has its own production sequence number, every car produced in a given year has a unique VIN. The European Union has a similar regulation for VINs, but it is less stringent than the North American rule. However, the two systems are compatible. 32 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER A VIN isnt just a way to mark and identify cars. You can use the VIN in a number of ways. Most people use a VIN when they are thinking of purchasing a used car. For a fee, commercial services allow you to enter a VIN and see the records on that car in the MVR database. 33 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER These records will show you how many owners the car has had, when it was last inspected, if it was ever classified as a “lemon,“ if it is a stolen car, or if it has ever gone through a major incident such as rolling over or being submerged in water. A VIN check can also reveal if the cars odometer has ever been rolled back. 34 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER VINs help deter car thieves, because they make it more difficult to resell the car. If someone checks the VIN, it will show that the car was stolen. VIN etching creates another level of protection. A weak acid application etches the VIN into the windshield and other windows of the car. 35 VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER This helps deter theft for several reasons. Thieves cant get rid of the etched VIN without replacing the windshield, which is so expensive that it can make stealing and reselling that car unprofitable. Its also much more difficult to cover up all the VIN etchings, so if a car is stolen, police can just read the etched VIN off of the window. 36 NOTES TO THE TEXT 1. No two cars built within 30 years of each other can have the same VIN. 译：在30年内建造的两辆车彼此不可能拥有 同样的车辆识别代码。 37 NOTES TO THE TEXT 2. The VIN is sometimes printed inside the glove compartment, and its usually on the cars title and/or on insurance documents. 译：这个车辆识别代码有时被印在前排贮物箱 里，通常也会被打印在车辆登记证书和/或保险 单上。 38 NOTES TO THE TEXT 3. If the car was assembled from parts produced in different countries, this digit reflects the nation where the car was assembled. 译：如果汽车是由不同国家生产的部件组装 而成，这个数字反映组装汽车的国家。 39 NOTES TO THE TEXT 4. The sixth digit can be a special code used by the manufacturer, or it might identify the specific model of the vehicle, such as Corvette, Durango or Mustang. 译：第六位数码可以是由制造商使用的一个特别 代码，也可以是用于标识特定的车型，比如克尔 维特、道奇或野马。 40 NOTES TO THE TEXT 5. Digits four through eight might also be coded for information on the transmission used, the grade of the car, or other features such as safety belts and air bags. 译：第4至8位数码也可以是信息代码以反映使 用的变速器、轿车等级、或其他特征如安全带 和气囊。 41 NOTES TO THE TEXT 6. This allows computers to tell immediately if there is an error in the VIN, which often happens when someone transcribes a VIN or enters it into a computer. 译：如果车辆识别代码在抄录或输入电脑时有谬 误，这码能让电脑立刻辨别出来。 42 NOTES TO THE TEXT 7. The last six digits, 12 through 17, are production sequence numbers, although small manufacturers that make fewer than 500 cars per year use the 12th, 13th and 14th digits as additional manufacturer identification codes. 译：尽管每年生产少于500辆汽车的厂家使用 第12、13、14位数字作为附加的制造商识别代 码，最后的6位数字 12至17 是产品序列 号。 43 NOTES TO THE TEXT 8. These records will show you how many owners the car has had, when it was last inspected, if it was ever classified as a “lemon,“ if it is a stolen car, or if it has ever gone through a major incident such as rolling over or being submerged in water. 译：这些记录将为你显示这辆汽车曾经有多少 业主、它何时做的最后一次检查、它是否曾被 列为“次品”、它是否是一辆偷来的车以及它是 否曾经历过重大事故如翻车或淹没在水里。 44 READING MATERIAL CAR LOGO WORDS AND PHRASES logo lgu n. 图形；商标；图标 Cadillac kdilk 卡迪拉克（美国一款汽车品牌） 45 WORDS AND PHRASES emblem emblm n. 象徵；徽章 crest krest n. (鸟、禽的)冠；(盾等的)纹饰；山顶 46 WORDS AND PHRASES Volkswagen f:lks,v:gn 大众汽车 blurt bl:t v. 冲口说出；突然说出 47 WORDS AND PHRASES hark h:k vi. 听；倾听 Bavarian bverin a. 巴伐利亚的；巴伐利亚人的 n. 巴伐利亚人 48 WORDS AND PHRASES spinning spini a. 旋转的；纺织品的 n. 纺织 Luftwaffe luftvf n. （纳粹时代的）德国空军 49 WORDS AND PHRASES roundel raundl n. 圆形饰物； 圆形物 Treaty of Versailles 凡尔赛条约 50 WORDS AND PHRASES brake breik n. 制动器；制动 v. 制动 Scottish-American skti-merikn n. 苏格兰裔美国人 51 WORDS AND PHRASES overhead valve 顶置式气门 general motors 通用汽车 52 WORDS AND PHRASES plumbing plmi n. 水管设施；水管敷设工程； 铅工业 fixture fikst n. 固定装置； 设备；夹具 53 WORDS AND PHRASES tinker tik v. （笨拙的）修补；空忙 n. 修补匠；焊锅 tinker with 摆弄 54 WORDS AND PHRASES to the ground 失败；落空 彻底的 Detroit ditrit n. 底特律（美国汽车城） 55 WORDS AND PHRASES cursive k:siv a. 草书的；草书体的 n. 草书 styling staili n. 花（式）样；样式设计 56 WORDS AND PHRASES grille gril n. 格栅；栏栅 radiator grille 水箱；水箱饰罩 57 WORDS AND PHRASES hawk h:k n. 鹰；鹰派；掠夺他人的人 v. 放鹰；像鹰一样袭击 liquidate likwideit v. 清算；整理；破产 58 WORDS AND PHRASES aristocrat ristkrt n. 贵族 bicentenary ,baisenti:nri n. 二百周年纪念 design philosophy 设计原理 59 READING MATERIAL：CAR LOGO Have you ever wondered why the Audi has a logo of four interlocked rings? Did you know that the Cadillac emblem was inspired by a family crest of a nobleman who later turned out to be a fraud? Lets take a look at the fascinating stories behind the logos of some of the most popular cars in the world: 60 CAR LOGO 1. Audi German engineer August Horch, who used to work for Karl Benz, founded his own automobile company A. Horch & Cie in 1899. A decade later, he was forced out of his own company and set up a new company in another town and continued using the Horch brand. His former partners sued him, and August Horch was forced to look for a new name. 61 CAR LOGO When Horch was talking to his business partner Franz Fikentscher at Franzs apartment, Franzs son came up with the name Audi. During this meeting Franzs son was quietly studying Latin in a corner of the room. 62 CAR LOGO Several times he looked like he was on the verge of saying something but would just swallow his words and continue working, until he finally blurted out, “Father, wouldnt it be a good idea to call it audi instead of horch?“ “Horch“ in German means “Hark“ or “listen“, which is “Audi“ in Latin. The idea was enthusiastically accepted by everyone attending the meeting. 63 CAR LOGO In 1932, four car makers Audi, Horch, DKW, and Wanderer merged to form Auto Union. The logo of Auto Union, four interlinked rings that would later become the modern Audi logo, was used only in racing cars. The four factories continued to produce cars under their own names and emblems. Fast forward to 1985, when Auto Union ultimately became the Audi we know today. 64 CAR LOGO 2. BMW In 1913, Karl Friedrich Rapp and Gustav Otto founded two separate aircraft factories that would later merge to form BMW or Bavarian Motor Works. Rapp and Otto actually had little to do with BMWs manufacturing of cars. Josef Popp, Max Friz and Camillo Castiglioni were the ones who played big roles in making BMW a modern car manufacturer. 65 CAR LOGO The circular BMW logo was a representation of a spinning propeller of a Bavarian Luftwaffe. At the time, aircrafts were painted with regional colors and the colors of the Bavarian flag were white and blue. It is said that the pilot saw the propeller as alternating segments of white and blue, hence the logo. The roundel was a nod to Karl Rapps original company. 66 CAR LOGO 67 During World War I, BMW was a major supplier of airplane engines to the German government. After the war, Germany was forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles to manufacture airplanes and BMW was forced to change its business: it first made railway brakes before making motorized bicycle, motorcycles and cars. CAR LOGO 3. Buick The Buick Motor Company was founded in 1903 by David Dunbar Buick, a Scottish-American inventor who invented the overhead valve engine. If you didnt recognize the name, youre not alone but remember this: Buick, a high school drop out founded a company that later became the worlds largest auto company, General Motors. 68 CAR LOGO At 15 years of age, Buick dropped out of school to work for a plumbing fixture manufacturer. When that business failed, Buick and his friend took it over but within a few years, Buick had an argument with his partner because he preferred to spend his time tinkering with car engines. Buick sold his share in the company and quit. 69 CAR LOGO With the money, Buick founded the Buick Motor Company and within a few years ran it to the ground. He was kicked out of the company by his partner Durant in 1906 and later sold his stock for a mere $100,000. 70 CAR LOGO Had he held on to his shares, it would have been worth well over $100 million today. In his later years, Buick held low-paying jobs and couldnt even afford a telephone. He died penniless as an inspector at the Detroit School of Trades. Ironically, Durant himself would be forced out years later. General Motors, the company that Durant built, refused him pension and he died almost penniless. 71 CAR LOGO Back to the logo story: Early Buick logos were variations of the cursive word “Buick.“ In 1930s, General Motor Styling researcher Ralph Pew found a description of the Scottish “Buik“ family crest and decided to use it as a radiator grille decoration. In 1960, the logo incorporated three such shields, to represent the three Buick models then built: LeSabre, Invicta, and Electra. 72 CAR LOGO In 1975, Buick changed their logo to a hawk named “Happy“ with the launch of their Skyhawk line. However, in the late 1980s, as the Skyhawk car was retired, Buick went back to the tri-shield logo. 73 CAR LOGO 4. Cadillac When Henry Ford left his second automobile company, Henry Ford Company, his financial backers tried to liquidate the companys assets. An engineer named Henry M. Leland persuaded them to continue the company instead. They listened, and so Cadillac was born. 74 CAR LOGO Cadillacs first logo was based on a family crest of a minor aristocrat that the company was named after: Antoine de La Mothe, Sir of Cadillac. In 1701, de La Mothe founded Fort Pontchartrain which would later become Detroit. Cadillac was named after de La Mothe in 1902, following a bicentenary celebration of the founding of the city. 75 CAR LOGO In 1998, Cadillac had a new design philosophy called “art and science“ and had its logo redesigned. The new logo made its debut a few years later. 76 NOTES TO THE MATERIAL 1Did you know that the Cadillac emblem was inspired by a family c