陈述句疑问句引语转换.ppt

一. 陈述句变间接引语 直接引语是陈述句，变间接引语时，用连词 that 引导(常省略)。从 句的人称，时态，指示代词，时间状语，地点状语等要作相应变 化。 He said ,“I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much.” He said to me, “I left my book in your room.” He told me that he had left his book in my room.” 1.人称的变化 He said (to me), “ Your room is better than mine” He told me that my room was better than his.” 2.时态的变化 如果主语的谓语动词是一般过去时，间接引语的谓语动词 的时态方面要作相应的变化。 He said, “Im afraid I cant finish this work.” He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work. He said, “Im using the knife.” He said that he was using the knife. He said, “I have not heard from him for a long time.” He said that he had not heard from him for a long time. 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去 进行时 现在完成时过去完成时 She said, “Ill do it after class.” She said that she would do it after class. She said, “I had / have finished my homework (after supper).” She said that she had finished her homework after supper. 一般将来时过去将来时 过去完成时过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 1.She said，“I need some money.” 2. Kitty said, “Ill call again after supper.” She said that she needed some money. Kitty said that she would call again after supper. 3. Mary said, “Im beginning to sleep better.” 4. Joe said , “Weve got two first places in the sports meeting.” 5. Tom said, “We have been here for 2 days.” 6. “Frank, I came to return you the book.” Henry said. 7. “I joined the army in 1959” Lee said. Mary said that she was beginning to sleep better. Joe said they had got two first places in the sports meeting. Tom said they had been here for 2 days. Henry told Frank that he had gone to return him the book. Lee said that he joined the army in 1959. 3.指示代词，时间状语，地点状语 和动词的变化 He said, “I will come this morning.” He said that he would go that morning. She said, “It is nine oclock now.” She said that it was nine oclock then. He said, “I havent seen him today.” He said that he hadnt seen him that day. She said, “I went there yesterday.” She said that she had gone there the day before. She said, “Ill go there tomorrow.” She said that she would go there the next (following) day. She said, “My sister was here three days ago.” She said her sister had been there three days before. She said, “I will come here this evening.” She said that she would go there that evening. 指示代词 直接引语中间接引语中 this these that / the those / the 表示地点的词 here there 动词 come go 时间状语 直接引语中间接引语中 now today this week (month, etc) yesterday last week (month, etc) two days ago tomorrow next week (month, etc) then that day that week (month, etc) the day before the week before two daysbefore the next (following) day the next (following) week He said to her, “Ill come to see you next Sunday.” “My brother will stay in this city for 10 days.” the girl said. Jim said to me, “Tim has finished the job.” “I swam last night.” Lily said to me. He told her he would go to see her the next Sunday. The girl said her brother would stay in that city for 10 days. Jim told me Tim had finished the job. Lily told me that she had swum the night before. Part Two 二. 疑问句变间接引语 疑问句变间接引语时，疑问句语序变为陈述句 语序，句末用句号。 1. 一般疑问句：要用连接词whether/ if引导,而引述选择 疑问句时只能用whether,主句的谓语动词是said 时要改为 asked，没有间接宾语的，要加一个间接宾语 (me, him或 us等) He said, “Are you interested in English?” He asked (me) if I was interested in English. He said, “Did you see him last night?” He asked (me) whether I had seen him the night before. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked me whether / if I had already got well. She asked, “ Is this book yours or his?” She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 2.特殊疑问句: 变间接引语时，仍用原来的特殊疑问词引导，句 子用陈述句语序。 “What do you want?” he asked me. He asked me what I wanted. “Where are you going to get off, John?” he asked. He asked John where he was going to get off. He asked “How are you getting along?” He asked us (them) how we (they) were getting along. 三. 祈使句变间接引语 祈使句变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为不定式，并 在不定式的前面加上tell, ask, order等动词，其句型是: tell (ask, order) someone (not) to do something 。如果祈使句为否 定句，在不定式的前面加上not. He said to us, “Please sit down.” He asked us to sit down. She said, “Dont make so much noise, boys.” She told the boys not to make so much noise. He said, “Please come here tomorrow.” He asked me to go there the next day. She said , “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He said, “Get everything ready in two hours.” He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?” “Can I do the work here?” she asked. The mother said to her son, “Get up quickly” She told her mother that the boy was very naughty. He ordered us to get everything ready two hours later. He asked me whether I was a teacher or a student. She asked if / whether she could do the work there. The mother asked the son to get up quickly. 注意：以下几种情况时态 不变 直接引语是客观真理。 The teacher said “The earth moves around the sun .” The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun . 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语， 变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Jack said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.“ Jack said he was born on April 21, 1980. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me” Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him. 直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性 的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, “I get up at six every morning。” He said he gets up at six every morning. 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变 （例：could, should, would, might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已经是过去时的形式时， 例：ought to， had bett