2016名师测控人教版八年级英语下册.ppt

义务义务 教育教科书书（人教）八年级级英语语下册 Section A(3a-4c) Which is the highest mountain in the world? Which is the longest river in Asia? freezing adj. 极冷的 ； 冰冻冻的 nature n. 大自然 thick adj. 厚的；浓浓的 1. achievement n. 成就；成绩绩 e.g. We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. 当我们们到达山顶顶的时时候，我们们有一种巨 大的成就感。 2. achieve v. 达到；完成；成功 e.g. He will never achieve anything if he doesnt work harder. 如果他不加紧紧努力工作，他会一事无成 。 3. southwestern adj. 西南的；西南方 向的 e.g. Is this Southwestern Airline? 这这是西南航空公司吗吗？ 4. include v. 包含；包括 e.g. Her hobbies include swimming and gardening. 她爱爱好游泳和园艺艺 。 5. condition n. 条件；状况 e.g. The piano was in good condition. 这这台钢钢琴状况良好。 6. take in 吸入；容纳纳 e.g. Fish take in oxygen through their gills. 鱼鱼用鳃鳃吸氧气。 7. succeed v. 实现实现 目标标；成功 e.g. If you try hard youll succeed. 你如果努力就会成功。 常用短语语：succeed in doing sth. e.g. Police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery. 警察最终终成功破解了这这个疑案。 8. challenge v. & n. 挑战战；考验验 e.g. The job doesnt really challenge him. 这项这项 工作不能真正的考验验他。 The new governments first challenge is the economy. 新政府面临临的第一个挑战战是经济问题经济问题 。 9. in the face of 面对对（困难难、问题问题 等） e.g. In the face of difficulties, hes completely unafraid. 他在困难难面前毫不胆怯。 10. force n. 力；力量 e.g. The thief took the money from the old man by force. 窃贼贼用暴力抢抢了老人的钱钱。 What do you know about Qomolangma? Talk about Qomolangma in pairs. 自读读文章，在书书中划出重点、疑点后，翻 译译下列短语语。先独立完成，后小组组商议议。 1.最危险险的山峰 2.世界上最危险险的运动动之一 3.登山（名词词短语语）/（动词动词 短语语） the most dangerous mountain one of the worlds most dangerous sports mountain climbing/climb mountains 4.来自世界各地的登山者 5.横亘于中国的西南边边界 6.在所有的山峰中 7.厚厚的云层层 the climbers from all over the world run along the southwestern part of China of all the mountains thick clouds 8.更为严为严 重的困难难 9.寒冷的天气状况和强劲劲的暴风风雪 10.首次到达珠穆朗玛玛峰顶顶的人 more serious difficulties freezing weather conditions and heavy storms the first people to reach the top of Qomolangma Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas. Paragraph 1 spirit of climbers Paragraph 2 achievements of climbers Paragraph 3 facts and dangers 3a One of the most _ sports in the world is mountain _, and one of the most _ places to go for this is the Himalayas. These extremely high _ attract _ from all over the world. Many people say this is one of the most _ parts of the world. According to the passage, fill in the blanks. dangerous climbing popular risk climbers famous The Himalayas _ along the _ border of china. Of all the peaks (tops), Qomolangma is the _ and most _. Its _ to climb Qomolangma because thick clouds _ the top of the mountain. Even more serious _ include the freezing _ conditions and the _ storms. runs southwestern highest famous the hardest cover difficulties weatherheavy The first _ to reach the top of Qomolangma Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary did it in 1953. The first Chinese climber _ the top in 1960, and in 1975, the first _ did it too. people reached woman Read the article again, and answer the following questions. 1. What a mountain is Himalayas? 2. Why is it dangerous to climb Qomolangma? 3. When did the first Chinese reach the top of Qomolangma? Its one of the most popular places for mountain climbing. Because thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. In 1960. Read the article again and complete the chart. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2Paragraph 3 List tour dangers for climbers. List three achievements List tour comparisons thick clouds 1953Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top most dangerous sport 3b snow can fall very hard freezing weather conditions heavy storms The first Chinese team reached the top in 1960. The first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. People can challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. Never give up trying to achieve our dream. Humans can be stronger than the forces of nature. Answer the questions using information from the article. 1. Where are the Himalayas? 2. How high is Qomolangma? In the southwestern part of China. 8,844.43 meters high. 3c 3. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? 4. What does the spirit of the climbers tell us? Because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. We should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. the Nile the Yangtze River the Yellow River 6,6706,3005,500 The Yellow River is long. The Yangtze River is a lot _ than the Yellow River. The Nile is _ of all. longer the longest Make sentences using the information in the forms. The Yangtze River is not _ long _ the Nile. = The Yangtze River is not _ than the Nile. as as longer the Nile the Yangtze River the Yellow River 6,6706,3005,500 Mount Tai is high. Mount Huang is a little _ than Mount Tai. Qomolangma is _ of all. Mount Tai is not _ high _ Qomolangma. = Mount Tai is not _ than Qomolangma. higher the highest as as higher Qomolangm a Mount Huang Mount Tai 8,8481,8641,545 1. The population of Singapore is large. 2. The population of Malaysia is much _ than that of Singapore. 3. The population of China is _ of all. SingaporeMalaysiaChina 4,000,00020,000,000 1300,000,00 0 larger the largest 4. The population of Singapore is not _ large _ that of China. 5. The population of Singapore is not _ than that of China. as larger as SingaporeMalaysiaChina 4,000,00020,000,000 1300,000,00 0 大多数形容词词有三个级级。 1. 原级级: Structure : as . as. 像.一样样 e.g. Tim is as tall as Tom. 2. 比较级较级 (用于两者之间间的比较较): Structure：形容词词比较级较级 than . e.g. This box is bigger than that one. 3. 最高级级(用于三者或三者以上的比较较): Structure: the + 形容词词的最高级级of / in . e.g. Tom is the heaviest in our class. He is the most popular in our school. 规则变规则变 化 1) 一般情况下，单单音节节或双音节节的形容 词词/副词词比较级较级 er， 最高级级est。 如: clever cleverer cleverest few fewer fewest small smaller smallest 等。 2) 以e结结尾的词词，比较级较级 r，最高级级 st 即可。 如： nice nicer nicest cute cuter cutest large larger largest 3) 以辅辅音字母y结结尾的变变y为为ier或 est 如: easy easier easiest happy happier happiest 再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy 也如此。 4) 重读闭读闭 音节节，单辅单辅 音结结尾的，双写 这这个辅辅音字母er 或 est的词词： fat fatter fattest thin thinner thinnest hot hotter hottest red redder reddest wet wetter wettest big bigger biggest 5) 多音节节和部分双音节节的词词需要在形容 词词 原级级前more 构成比较级较级 ，the most 构 成最高级级。如： beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful 又如: delicious, popular, important, interesting, expensive, creative 双音节节的词词如: careful more careful the most careful useful more useful the most useful 少数单单音节词节词 也是这样这样 ，如： pleased more pleased the most pleased tired more tired the most tired b) 不规则变规则变 化： good better best well better best bad worse worst many/much more most far farther farthest (距离远远) far further furthest (程度深) old elder eldest (长长幼) old older oldest (年龄龄) 1.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度 时时，用“the + 最高级级”的结结构表示。 这这种句式一般常有表示比较较范围围的 介词词短语语。例如： Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three. He works (the) hardest in his class. 2. 最高级级可被序数词词以及 much，by far ，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not really，nothing like 等词语词语 所修饰饰。例如： This hat is by farmuchnearly almostnot nearlyby no means not quitenothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? 3. 表示“最高程度”的形容词词，如 excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有 最高级级，也不能用比较级较级 。 4. 形容词词最高级级修饰饰作表语语或介词宾语词宾语 的名词词、代词时词时 ，被修饰饰的词词往往省略 。 e.g. He is the tallest (boy) in his class. 5. 作状语语的副词词最高级级前可以不加定冠 词词。 e.g. Of all the boys he ca