中科院2003年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题《生物化学与分子生物学》.doc

2003.251. 2. 3. 1/104. 5. -6. pH3.57. RNA()8. tRNA9. 10. RNARNA,DNADNA()11. DNA12. trpoperon13. 14. RecADNANTP15. pBSKlacZ16N-17.18.19.20.21.pH22.23.24.NADHP/O325.201. A B C D2. 1mol/L A 2 B 3 C 6 D 83. pI8pH6ABCD4. A,B,C,DABCD, A A; B B; C C; D D5. A- B- C- D6. DNADNAA 4dNTP; B 4NTP; C 4dNDP; D47. A10 B20 C50 D1008. IGC AGCG; BGCA; CACG; DICG9. RNA2CARNA2BRNA2DNACRNA2D10. GAL4DNAA B C- D-11. RNA1AtRNA5sRNA BsnRNACrRNA D12. ADNABCDNAD430bp13. AY; BCD14. A BVmax C DKm15. A B C D16. A B C Dv817. A BA; C2,4- D-18. AA B C D19. ATPATPA2Na+,2K+; B3Na+3K+; C2Na+,3K+; D3Na+2K+;20. Ca2+ A 1/1000 B 1/200 C 1/50 D 1/10.251. 2. 3. Northern 4. DNADNADNADNA rRNA,mRNA, 5. DNA6. 7. 8. DNARNA2 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 4 14. C 15. 16. .1081. 20ND,ND1.010-8, .(R=1.9872cal/(molK)R=8.3144J/(molK)2. 3. RNA4. .5. HIV6. 7. 28. 9. ADP3NAD+10. 20031- 2+3- 4+ 85+ 6-7-8-9- 10+11-12+ attenuatorLE530-60bp13-14-15+16+17-18+19- 20+21-22+23+24+ NADHP/O31NADHO23ATP25- 1A2B3C4A5A6A7A8B IGCtRNA AlaAlaGCUGCCGCA9A10A11C12C13C -SH14C15A16D GluPH7.8GluAspPH7.8PH4.0ArgArg17C18C A19D20A123RNA456DNA7Holliday8s910gene family1112133105410514145-I3PDAG15SH2161G=RTlnK=-2.3038.3144293lg10-8=103.35kJ2proteomegenomeproteinpeoteomicsWesternmRNA/-3RNArRNARNAmRNARNAtRNARNAhnRNAmRNARNAsnRNAhnRNARNAscRNA/7SL-RNAmicroRNAmicroRNA200mRNAmicroRNAmiRNARNAgRNAmRNARNARNA PtRNARNAsnoRNArRNASRP-RNAmRNADNAtmRNAmRNA4cDNADNA/RNAPCRSchematic illustrantion of an HIV-1 virion.The viral particle is covered by a lipid bilayer that is derived from the host cell.5HIVgp120gp41RNA+p17P24P24 capsid+gp120gp41ReverseTranscriptaseRNAProteaseIntegraseLipid bilayerHIV-19gagpolenvTatrevnefvifvprvpunefHIVAIDSnefAIDSHIVAIDSHIVHIVCD4+THIV-gp120+CD4+TCD4R+CXCR4HIV-RNADNADNATNFIL-6CD4+THIV10-50%HIV-gp120+MC-CD4R+CCR5HIVHIV-Ab+MC-FcHIV6H2AH2BH3H4ADP789ATPATPADPATPchemiosmotic hypothesisH+H+H+H+F0F1-ATPH+ATP10cAMPcGMP12-DAG145-IP3Ca2+cA