高考英语复习每日一题第14周关系代词含解析.docx

关系代词高考频度： 难易程度：1. (2017新课标卷III短文改错)Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.【参考答案】 theythat/which 【答案解析】考查定语从句。they不能引导定语从句，因为指代things，所以把they改为that或者which。2.(2017北京卷单项填空）The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是 the little problems, 在从句中作 meet的宾语，故选关系代词that。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的那些小问题有可能会成为伟大发明的灵感。3.Among the many dangers_ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.A. which B. what C. where D. when 【答案】A【考点解读】定语从句在高考的基础知识方面的考查主要体现在单选题，语法填空及短文改错中，在单项选择中主要考查定语从句的一些基本用法，如常见关系词的选择，在选择的过程中，一定要注意限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别，定语从句与名词性从句，及状语从句的引导词的区别等，有时也会与其他修饰性的句型结构之间进行误导性考查，如与强调句性等，所以重点掌握的是从高考题中总结规律，达到熟练应用。【应试必备】常见关系代词的基本用法1. that可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which。不能引导非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语。2. which指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语。如：The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）3. who, whom, whose（1）who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，只可指人（2）whom: 宾格，在从句中只能作宾语; 只可指人（3）whose: 表所属关系，在从句中作定语。译为：某人的，某物的（4）whose + 名词 =the + n. + of which (某物的) = he + n. + of whom (某人的)注意： 关系代词作介词宾语 (在定语从句中，介词提前时，介词后：表人用 whom；表物用 which) 关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末。） 4. asas 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语（1）如为限制性的，多用于the same as ; the same as(与相同)；such as （如此，这样）; as many/much as（和一样多）；so/as as（与一样）等结构中。如：（2）如为非限制性的，as还可以单独引导一个定语从句，代替整个主句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为正如，这一点。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.）As we all know, smoking is harmful to ones health . (as 作宾语)众所周知，吸烟有害健康。I.单句语法填空1.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.2.Care of the soul is a gradual process in _ even the small details of life should be considered.3.That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.4.Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.5.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.II.单项填空1.(2016北京)I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.A. whose B. why C. where D. which2. (2016浙江) Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of _ has been proved.A. whom B. which C. what D. that3.Have you heard any news about Sarah?Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, _surprised everyone.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.it4.There is no success without hard work; success is something _is only earned after much labor.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.不填5.It is said that a most popular emoji (expression of emotion on the Internet) is the face with the rolling eyes, _ is used in 14 percent of text messages.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whose参考答案I.单句语法填空1. who 句意：埃伦是一个专画鸟类和自然风景的画家。由于某种原因，她远离了人类社会。此题考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ellen。因为关系词指人并且在从句中作主语，所以只能用who。4. who 句意：幸福和成功经常青睐那些善于发现自身长处的人。先行词为those，将先行词代入非限制性定语从句后为：Those are good at recogn