基于.net的航空订票系统设计与开发【含说明书、程序】
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基于.net的航空订票系统设计与开发
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毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目： 基于.NET的航空订票系统 设计与开发 信机 系 计算机科学与技术 专业学 号： 学生姓名： 指导教师： 年5月25日目 录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表 毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目： 基于.NET的航空订票系统 设计与开发 信机 系 计算机科学与技术 专业学 号：学生姓名：指导教师： 年11月20日 课题来源导师指定科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等）在社会信息化日益发展的今天，航空客运作为现代交通中最快捷最方便的一种，给人们的生活、出行带来了极大的方便。但，它的管理和规范问题是一个难点，订票是客运业务中最基本的业务，涉及管理与客户服务等方面。随着航空客运业务的多年发展，过去传统的订票方式已不能满足现代客运业务剧增的客观要求了，这使得一种全新的售票方式诞生了，即网络订票方式。这种订票方式可以解决手工操作订票高峰时带来的大量数据处理问题，使得机票订购与日常管理得到了改善，并为客户提供方便快捷的订票服务。近年来，计算机与互联网技术的日益成熟促进了航空网上订票系统的发展。网上订票的优越性使得国内外越来越多的航空公司着手研制自己的网上订票系统，因为它具有巨大的现代商业价值。它打破了常规的买卖方式，使得航空公司可以很好的面对整个世界，为客户提供了全天候的服务。一个完善的航空订票系统是由航空管理和计算机网络服务相结合的产物。通过计算机网络管理使得航空公司对大量的数据及信息能及时准确的进行分析，同时满足了当代客户的需求。也使得航空订票事业得到了发展，更上了时代的脚步。研究内容本系统是能够完成客户登录、注册，查询航班班次，订购机票，退票等功能；航空管理能够完成增删改航班等功能。 客户的登录：新客户可以注册之后登录，带有忘记密码的功能； 航班的查询：可以查询某个航班的情况；订购机票：通过查询系统，客户可以根据自己的情况找到航班，然后进行订票；退票：通过查询系统，客户可以根据自己的名字找到订票信息，进行退票。管理员对用户信息、航班信息、订单信息、管理员自身信息、公告信息、旅游资讯、留言信息进行增删改及查询。数据库的需求：因为无法连接到大型数据库，只能在本机上安装SQL Server 2000数据库软件。在此数据库中建立需要的表来保存数据。拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析在软件的定义时期，完成软件开发工程的总目标，导出实现系统目标应该采用的策略及软件必须完成的功能，估计完成该系统所需资源及成本，制定进度计划。在软件开发时期，具体设计和实现在定义时期的软件功能。本系统是利用ASP.NET来实现的，并采用SQL Server 2000数据库来存放数据信息，开发一个满足以前功能的订票系统。在了解软件及收集本系统所需的信息后，开始逐个模块的对软件进行设计实现，完成一些基本功能后开始对界面进行美化，再完善一些功能。最后，对完成的软件进行测试调试。从经济可行性来说，与传统方式相比，本系统是高效率、低成本、高质量的系统；从技术可行性来说，系统实现依靠相对熟悉的.NET语言和SQL Server 2000数据库系统，其基本操作是对数据库的增删改及查询等操作，暂不存在技术问题；从操作可行性来说，系统简单明了，界面简洁友好，操作方便，客户不需掌握数据库等相关知识。研究计划及预期成果研究计划：1、2012年11月12日到2012年12月16日，完成任务书及开题报告；2、2012年12月到2013年01月，外文翻译资料，系统设计；3、2013年03月，完成软件，开始撰写论文；4、2013年04月，完成软件测试、验收；5、2013年05月25日，上交论文、软件，根据导师意见修改及完善论文；6、2013年06月1日，进行毕业答辩。预期成果：能按计划完成毕业设计和论文，在研究内容中所涉及的功能都能实现。特色或创新之处本课题是基于.NET架构下的ASP.NET和SQL Server 2000技术联合开发完成。1、 对订票系统的各种基本功能有考虑，将信息进行分类管理；2、 设计界面简单、明了，便于管理人员和客户进行操作； 能保证整个系统架构的稳定性和安全性；已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题已具备的条件：1、 硬件方面：有一台计算机；2、 软件方面：已装有Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 及SQL Server 2000；已了解整个系统该完成的功能。指导教师意见 指导教师签名：年 月 日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日系意见 主管领导签名： 年 月 日英文原文ASP.NET Technique1.Building ASP.NET PagesASP.NET and the .NET FrameworkASP.NET is part of Microsofts overall .NET framework, which contains a vast set of programming classes designed to satisfy any conceivable programming need. In the following two sections, you learn how ASP.NET fits within the .NET framework, and you learn about the languages you can use in your ASP.NET pages.The .NET Framework Class Libraryagine that you are Microsoft. Imagine that you have to support multiple programming languagessuch as Visual Basic, JScript, and C+. A great deal of the functionality of these programming languages overlaps. For example, for each language, you would have to include methods for accessing the file system, working with databases, and manipulating strings.Furthermore, these languages contain similar programming constructs. Every language, for example, can represent loops and conditionals. Even though the syntax of a conditional written in Visual Basic differs from the syntax of a conditional written in C+, the programming function is the same.Finally, most programming languages have similar variable data types. In most languages, you have some means of representing strings and integers, for example. The maximum and minimum size of an integer might depend on the language, but the basic data type is the same.Maintaining all this functionality for multiple languages requires a lot of work. Why keep reinventing the wheel? Wouldnt it be easier to create all this functionality once and use it for every language?The .NET Framework Class Library does exactly that. It consists of a vast set of classes designed to satisfy any conceivable programming need. For example, the .NET framework contains classes for handling database access, working with the file system, manipulating text, and generating graphics. In addition, it contains more specialized classes for performing tasks such as working with regular expressions and handling network protocols.The .NET framework, furthermore, contains classes that represent all the basic variable data types such as strings, integers, bytes, characters, and arrays.Most importantly, for purposes of this book, the .NET Framework Class Library contains classes for building ASP.NET pages. You need to understand, however, that you can access any of the .NET framework classes when you are building your ASP.NET pages.Understanding NamespacesAs you might guess, the .NET framework is huge. It contains thousands of classes (over 3,400). Fortunately, the classes are not simply jumbled together. The classes of the .NET framework are organized into a hierarchy of namespaces.ASP Classic NoteIn previous versions of Active Server Pages, you had access to only five standard classes (the Response, Request, Session, Application, and Server objects). ASP.NET, in contrast, provides you with access to over 3,400 classes!A namespace is a logical grouping of classes. For example, all the classes that relate to working with the file system are gathered together into the System.IO namespace.The namespaces are organized into a hierarchy (a logical tree). At the root of the tree is the System namespace. This namespace contains all the classes for the base data types, such as strings and arrays. It also contains classes for working with random numbers and dates and times.You can uniquely identify any class in the .NET framework by using the full namespace of the class. For example, to uniquely refer to the class that represents a file system file (the File class), you would use the following:System.IO.FileSystem.IO refers to the namespace, and File refers to the particular class.NOTEYou can view all the namespaces of the standard classes in the .NET Framework Class Library by viewing the Reference Documentation for the .NET Framework.Standard ASP.NET NamespacesThe classes contained in a select number of namespaces are available in your ASP.NET pages by default. (You must explicitly import other namespaces.) These default namespaces contain classes that you use most often in your ASP.NET applications:System Contains all the base data types and other useful classes such as those related to generating random numbers and working with dates and times.System.Collections Contains classes for working with standard collection types such as hash tables, and array lists.System.Collections.Specialized Contains classes that represent specialized collections such as linked lists and string collections.System.Configuration Contains classes for working with configuration files (Web.config files).System.Text Contains classes for encoding, decoding, and manipulating the contents of strings.System.Text.RegularExpressions Contains classes for performing regular expression match and replace operations.System.Web Contains the basic classes for working with the World Wide Web, including classes for representing browser requests and server responses.System.Web.Caching Contains classes used for caching the content of pages and classes for performing custom caching operations.System.Web.Security Contains classes for implementing authentication and authorization such as Forms and Passport authentication.System.Web.SessionState Contains classes for implementing session state.System.Web.UI Contains the basic classes used in building the user interface of ASP.NET pages.System.Web.UI.HTMLControls Contains the classes for the HTML controls.System.Web.UI.WebControls Contains the classes for the Web controls.NET Framework -Compatible LanguagesFor purposes of this book, you will write the application logic for your ASP.NET pages using Visual Basic as your programming language. It is the default language for ASP.NET pages. Although you stick to Visual Basic in this book, you also need to understand that you can create ASP.NET pages by using any language that supports the .NET Common Language Runtime. Out of the box, this includes C#, JScript.NET, and the Managed Extensions to C+.NOTEDozens of other languages created by companies other than Microsoft have been developed to work with the .NET framework. Some examples of these other languages include Python, SmallTalk, Eiffel, and COBOL. This means that you could, if you really wanted to, write ASP.NET pages using COBOL.Regardless of the language that you use to develop your ASP.NET pages, you need to understand that ASP.NET pages are compiled before they are executed. This means that ASP.NET pages can execute very quickly.The first time you request an ASP.NET page, the page is compiled into a .NET class, and the resulting class file is saved beneath a special directory on your server named Temporary ASP.NET Files. For each and every ASP.NET page, a corresponding class file appears in the Temporary ASP.NET Files directory. Whenever you request the same ASP.NET page in the future, the corresponding class file is executed.When an ASP.NET page is compiled, it is not compiled directly into machine code. Instead, it is compiled into an intermediate-level language called Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). All .NET-compatible languages are compiled into this intermediate language.An ASP.NET page isnt compiled into native machine code until it is actually requested by a browser. At that point, the class file contained in the Temporary ASP.NET Files directory is compiled with the .NET framework Just in Time (JIT) compiler and executed.The magical aspect of this whole process is that it happens automatically in the background. All you have to do is create a text file with the source code for your ASP.NET page, and the .NET framework handles all the hard work of converting it into compiled code for you.ASP CLASSIC NOTEWhat about VBScript? Before ASP.NET, VBScript was the most popular language for developing Active Server Pages.ASP.NET does not support VBScript, and this is good news. Visual Basic is a superset of VBScript, which means that Visual Basic has all the functionality of VBScript and more. So, you have a richer set of functions and statements with Visual Basic.Furthermore, unlike VBScript, Visual Basic is a compiled language. This means that if you use Visual Basic to rewrite the same code that you wrote with VBScript, you can get better performance.If you have worked only with VBScript and not Visual Basic in the past, dont worry. Since VBScript is so closely related to Visual Basic, youll find it easy to make the transition between the two languages.NOTEMicrosoft includes an interesting tool named the IL Disassembler (ILDASM) with the .NET framework. You can use this tool to view the disassembled code for any of the ASP.NET classes in the Temporary ASP.NET Files directory. It lists all the methods and properties of the class and enables you to view the intermediate-level code.This tool also works with all the ASP.NET controls discussed in this chapter. For example, you can use the IL Disassembler to view the intermediate-level code for the TextBox control (located in a file named System.Web.dll).Introducing ASP.NET ControlsASP.NET controls provide the dynamic and interactive portions of the user interface for your Web application. The controls render the content that the users of your Web site actually see and interact with. For example, you can use controls to create HTML form elements, interactive calendars, and rotating banner advertisements.ASP.NET controls coexist peacefully with HTML content. Typically, you create the static areas of your Web pages with normal HTML content and create the dynamic or interactive portions with ASP.NET controls.The best way to understand how ASP.NET controls work in an HTML page is to look at a simple Web Forms Page.Adding Application Logic to an ASP.NET PageThe second building block of an ASP.NET page is the application logic, which is the actual programming code in the page. You add application logic to a page to handle both control and page events.If a user clicks a Button control within an HTML form, for example, the Button control raises an event (the Click event). Typically, you want to add code to the page that does something in response to this event. For example, when someone clicks the Button control, you might want to save the form data to a file or database.Controls are not the only things that can raise events. An ASP.NET page itself raises several events every time it is requested. For example, whenever you request a page, the pages Load event is triggered. You can add application logic to the page that executes whenever the Load event occurs.2.Building Forms with Web Server ControlsBuilding Smart FormsYou use several of the basic Web controls to represent standard HTML form elements such as radio buttons, text boxes, and list boxes. You can use these controls in your ASP.NET pages to create the user interface for your Web application. The following sections provide detailed overviews and programming samples for each of these Web controls.Controlling Page NavigationIn the following sections, you learn how to control how a user moves from one ASP.NET page to another. First, you learn how to submit an HTML form to another page and retrieve form information. Next, you learn how to use the Redirect() method to automatically transfer a user to a new page. Finally, you learn how to link pages together with the HyperLink control.Applying Formatting to ControlsIn the following sections, you learn how to make more attractive Web forms. First, you look at an overview of the formatting properties common to all Web controls; they are the formatting properties of the base control class. Next, you learn how to apply Cascading Style Sheet styles and classes to Web controls.3.Performing Form Validation with Validation ControlsUsing Client-side ValidationTraditionally, Web developers have faced a tough choice when adding form validation logic to their pages. You can add form validation routines to your server-side code, or you can add the validation routines to your client-side code.The advantage of writing validation logic in client-side code is that you can provide instant feedback to your users. For example, if a user neglects to enter a value in a required form field, you can instantly display an error message without requiring a roundtrip back to the server.People really like client-side validation. It looks great and creates a better overall user experience. The problem, however, is that it does not work with all browsers. Not all browsers support JavaScript, and different versions of browsers support different versions of JavaScript, so client-side validation is never guaranteed to work.For this reason, in the past, many developers decided to add all their form validation logic exclusively to server-side code. Because server-side code functions correctly with any browser, this course of action was safer.Fortunately, the Validation controls discussed in this chapter do not force you to make this difficult choice. The Validation controls automatically generate both client-side and server-side code. If a browser is capable of supporting JavaScript, client-side validation scripts are automatically sent to the browser. If a browser is incapable of supporting JavaScript, the validation routines are automatically implemented in server-side code.You should be warned, however, that client-side validation works only with Microsoft Internet Explorer version 4.0 and higher. In particular, the client-side scripts discussed in this chapter do not work with any version of Netscape Navigator.Requiring Fields:The RequiredFieldValidator ControlYou use RequiredFieldValidator in a Web form to check whether a control has a value. Typically, you use this control with a TextBox control. However, nothing is wrong with using RequiredFieldValidator with other input controls such as RadioButtonList. Validating Expression:The RegularExpressionValidator ControlYou can use RegularExpressionValidator to match the value entered into a form field to a regular expression. You can use this control to check whether a user has entered, for example, a valid e-mail address, telephone number, or username or password. Samples of how to use a regular expression to perform all these validation tasks are provided in the following sections.Comparing Values:The CompareValidator ControlThe CompareValidator control performs comparisons between the data entered into a form field and another value. The other value can be a fixed value, such as a particular number, or a value entered into another control. Summarizing Errors:The ValidationSummary ControlImagine that you have a form with 50 form fields. If you use only the Validation controls discussed in the previous sections of this chapter to display errors, seeing an error message on the page might be difficult. For example, you might have to scroll down to the 48th form field to find the error message.Fortunately, Microsoft includes a ValidationSummary control with the Validation controls. You can use this control to summarize all the errors at the top of a page, or wherever else you want. McDonald, Zipuzita the Advanced ASP.NET 3.5 Programming (2nd Edition)中文译文ASP.NET技术1.构建ASP.NET页面ASP 和ASP.NET结构ASP.NET 是微软.NET framework整体的一部分，它包含一组大量的编程用的类，满足各种编程需要。在下列的二个部分中，你如何学会 ASP.NET 很适合的放在.NET framework，和学会能在你的 ASP.NET 页面中使用语言。.NET类库假想你是微软。假想你必须支持大量的编程语言-比如 Visual Basic 、 C# 和 C+. 这些编程语言的很多功能具有重叠性。举例来说，对于每一种语言，你必须包括存取文件系统、与数据库协同工作和操作字符串的方法。此外，这些语言包含相似的编程构造。每种语言，举例来说，都能够使用循环语句和条件语句。即使用 Visual Basic 写的条件语句的语法不与 用C+ 写的不一样，程序的功能也是相同的。最后，大多数的编程语言有相似的数据变量类型。以大多数的语言，你有设定字符串类型和整型数据类型的方法。举例来说，整型数据最大值和最小值可能依赖语言的种类，但是基本的数据类型是相同的。对于多种语言来说维持这一功能需要很大的工作量。为什么继续再创轮子? 对所有的语言创建这种功能一次，然后把这个功能用在每一种语言中岂不是更容易。.NET类库不完全是那样。它含有大量的满足编程需要的类。举例来说，.NET类库包含处理数据库访问的类和文件协同工作，操作文本和生成图像。除此之外，它包含更多特殊的类用在正则表达式和处理Web协议。.NET framework，此外包含支持所有的基本变量数据类型的类，比如：字符串、整型、字节型、字符型和数组。最重要地，写这一本书的目的，.NET类库包含构建的 ASP.NET 页面的类。然而你需要了解当你构建.NET页面的时候能够访问.NET framework 的任意类。理解命名空间正如你猜测的，.NET framework是庞大的。它包含数以千计的类(超过 3，400) 。幸运地，类不是简单的堆在一起。.NET framework的类被组织成有层次结构的命名空间。ASP Classic Note在先前的ASP中，你仅仅能够访问五个标准类。相比之下 ASP.NET 提供超过 3，400个类!一个命名空间包含一组逻辑的类。举例来说，涉及到与文件系统协同工作的类就集合在System.IO 命名空间中。命名空间被组织成一个层次结构(一棵逻辑树) 。树根就是SYSTEM 命名空间。这个命名空间包含基本的数据类型的所有的类，例如：字符串、数组，还包含提供随机数字和日期的类。你通过完整的类的命名空间能唯一识别任何的类在.NET framework中的位置。举例来说，指定找到一个the File class 类，按如下操:System.IO.文件System.IO指命名空间 ，而文件指定特定的类。提示你能够浏览.NET Framework所有的标准类的命名空间。通过.NET Framework 的参考文档可以浏览类库。标准的ASP.NET命名空间在默认情况下，在你的ASP.NET页面中，类被包含在一个选定的命名空间中这些默认的命名空间使你在ASP.NET中最常用到的。System 命名空间- 包含所有的基本数据类型和其他有用的类，例如：那些关于产生随机数字和日期的类。System.Collections命名空间- 包含的类是标准的集合类，例如：哈希表，数组列表。System.Collections.Specialized 命名空间- 包含特殊的集合类，例如：连接列表和字符串集合。System.Configuration 命名空间- 包括Web.config files类。System.Text命名空间-包含编码，解码和操作字符串内容的类。System.Text.RegularExpressions命名空间- 包含的是匹配正则表达式和替代操作类。System.Web 命名空间-工作在万维网方面包含的是浏览器请求和服务器响应的类。System.Web.Caching 命名空间- 包含页面缓冲内容和自定义缓冲操作的类。System.Web.Security命名空间- 包含执行验证和授权，例如：窗体和密码验证的类。System.Web.SessionState命名空间- 包含执行保存状态的类。System.Web.UI命名空间- 包含构建 ASP.NET 页面的用户接口的类。System.Web.UI.HTMLControls命名空间- 包含 HTML 控件的类。System.Web.UI.WebControls命名空间- 包含Web控件的类。.NET Framework-可用的语言这一本书的目的，你将会为以 Visual Basic 作为你的编程语言来完成你的 ASP.NET 页写程序编写。它是 ASP.NET 页面的默认语言。虽然你在这一本书中一直用 Visual Basic，但是，你也需要了解用其它的支持公共语言库的语言创建ASP.NET页面。除此之外，这包括 C#，JScript.NET和C+ 。提示本书所含的光碟包含 C# 源代码。除微软之外的公司产生的几十个其他的语言已经能够和.NET framework兼容。这些其他的语言的一些例子包括 Python、 SmallTalk 、 Eiffel和 COBOL。这就意味着假如你真的想，你可以使用 COBOL 写 ASP.NET 页面。不管你使用什么语言开发 ASP.NET 页面，你需要明白ASP.NET在执行前必须编译，这就意味着ASP.NET执行速度非常快。你第一次请求 ASP.NET 页面，页面被编译成一个.NET类，这个类文件被保存在一个特殊的目录下这个目录的名字叫Temporary ASP.NET Files。对于一个ASP.NET页面一个通信类文件出现在Temporary ASP.NET Files目录下。以后不管任何时候你请求那个同样的ASP.NET页面，那个通信类文件就会执行。当 ASP.NET 页面被编译的时候，它没被直接地被编译成机器码而是被编译成了一个中间语言，名字叫 (MSIL)所有.NET可用的语言都被编译成这种中间语言。一个ASP.NET 页面不会被编译成本地机器码直到它被一个浏览器访问，在那个时间点包含在Temporary ASP.NET Files目录下的类文件用JIT编译器编译并且执行。这些迷惑的方面体现在整个过程都在后台运行，你必须要做的是用资源代码为你的ASP.NET页面创建一个文本文件。.NET framework 为你处理完转换它为编译码这一困难工作。典型ASP提示VBScript 怎么样呢? 在 ASP.NET 之前，VBScript 是开发动态页面最流行的语言。ASP.NET 不支持VBScript ，而且这是好消息。Visual Basic 是一个 VBScript 的超集，意味着 Visual Basic 相对于 VBScript有更多的功能。因此，你用 Visual Basic 有更丰富的函数和语句供你使用。此外，不像 VBScript ，Visual Basic 是一种被编译的语言。这意味着如果你使用 Visual Basic 重写相同的 VBScript代码感觉会更容易一些。假如你过去只用VBScript而不用 Visual Basic，也不用担心。因为 VBScript 如此接近 Visual Basic，你将会发现在这二种语言之间的转变是很容易的。提示在.NET framework中，微软包括一个名叫 IL Dis
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