高译教育—NAATI考试题库英文六.pdf

1 高译教育高译教育NAATI 考试英文题库之（六）考试英文题库之（六） Computer ergonomics A computer doesnt have to be dropped on you from a great height to land you in hospital. Modern lifestyles increasingly resolve around PCs; from the workplace to the home and leisure activities, a computer is often involved in some way. Overusing your PC can cause all sorts of horrible injuries. The most common PC injury is carpal tunnel syndrome, which is caused by excessive keyboard or mouse use. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. PCs are also among the leading causes of muscular-skeletal disorders, deteriorating eyesight, spinal cord damage and various forms of repetitive strain injury (RSI). Ergonomics consultant Mark Dohrmann deals with hundreds of legal cases each year involving PC injuries. Most of the cases involve poor workstation design and employers who do not allow workers to take breaks when they need them. “Employers do not need to spend megabucks on all the latest multi-adjustable equipment recommended by salespeople who call everything ergonomic. They should just ensure that their employees 2 (including contractors) are comfortably adjusted to their workstation,“ he said. Half the claims he deals with are from the insurance companies of employers and half are from solicitors representing workers with injuries related to computer use. Over the last 10 years, he has been involved in 2,000 claims in this field. In some cases, people spent thousands of dollars on new equipment, but did not use it properly. Other cases were caused by flickering displays and otherwise poorly maintained equipment. Employers do have a legal obligation to protect their workers from injury. Humanitarian values Because of its special status and its millions of volunteers and members all across the world, the Red Cross Red Crescent is in an ideal position to promote tolerance and humanitarian values. Several instances of violence in the early part of the 21st century have demonstrated the vulnerability of the principle of humanity. Factors such as racism in western Europe and stigmatisation of people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide illustrate the constant threat to the values at the heart of the Red Cross Red Crescents work. The turmoil and violence since the tragic events of September 2001 have shown how much the world requires a global, neutral, unified and able humanitarian organisation such as the Red Cross and Red Crescent. Fear 3 and uncertainty grip our world. Labels of nationality, ethnicity and religion appear to be becoming more important in the minds of many. In this environment the emphasis on Humanitarian Values takes on increased significance. The Red Cross Red Crescent continues to rise to the challenge of seeing beyond the different labels that divide the people of the world. Using the Fundamental Principles to influence peoples behaviour, the Movement is championing individual and community values that encourage respect for others and a willingness to work together to find solutions. This process of community bridge building is crucial: without it, social and political harmony and future development are doubtful. The Action to Reduce Discrimination is one of the key areas of activity currently being promoted by the Federation in the area of humanitarian values. Value added product The Concept of “customer value” assesses the value that a product offers to a customer, taking all its tangible and intangiblefeatures into account. In the present hyper-competitive environment, it is becoming harder for customers to differentiate between products on technical features and quality alone. This is one of the reasons that technology-based companies are adding services for their buyers of capital goods. The intangible 4 nature of services makes them harder to copy because their quality largely depends on the companys personnel and culture. This is the core of the customer-value concept, which advocates thinking in terms of the “total” value proposition. A recent study showed the business-development process from vague idea to market offer, from the companys and customers perspective. Conjoint analysis is specifically used to allow companies to make design trade-off decisions (make trade-off decisions on design) by estimating the value that customers place （value） on particular features and attributes of a product or service. Conventional analyses evaluate different attributes and features separately, however conjoint analysis presents the complete product concept to the customer for evaluation. By doing so, it evaluates the multiple attributes and attribute levels “jointly” to find the product profile that contains the most preferred combination of attributes. Conjoint analysis better represents real-life conditions, providing a more realistic picture of what customers will buy. The study found that respondents were satisfied with the levels of politeness, courtesy， and competence of the service personnel but were less satisfied with the response time of the support and training. Safe cot 5 Does the cot meet the Australian Standard? All new and second-hand cots sold in Australia must meet the Australian Standard for. Cots and will carry a label to say so: Old or second hand cots may be dangerous for the following reasons: wobbly or broken parts that make the cot weak gaps a toddler or baby can get caught in knobs, corner posts 角柱子 or exposed bolts that can hook onto a toddler or babys clothing around the neck sides that are too low and can be climbed over by active little toddlers sharp catches or holes in the wood that can hurt curious little fingers paint that might contain poisonous lead Check that cots meet the Australian Standard before use. Babies can become trapped in a tilted rocking-cot or cradle. If you have a cradle or cot that rocks and has a locking pin, make sure you secure the locking pin firmly in place whenever you leave the baby, and double check it to make sure the cradle cannot move when you are not there to supervise. Note - portable or porta cots. Use the firm, clean, well-fitting mattress that is supplied with the portable cot. Dont add additional padding under the mattress as baby can get trapped face down in gaps created between 6 the mattress and the cot wall. There is a separate Australian Standard that is used for all portable cots. The portable cot Australian Standard is AS 2195 and portable cots that meet the standard carry a label to say so. The silent killer in the kitchen The government launches an advertising campaign to combat excessive salt consumption today amid concerns about the risk to public health posed by its links with high blood pressure, heart disease and strokes. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) initiative highlights the excessive salt content in our everyday diet and its link with high blood pressure, which substantially increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. At least 26 million people in our country are eating more than the recommended daily salt intake of 6g. Men eat an average of 11g of salt a day, equivalent to almost two level teaspoons, while women consume around 8.1g. Experts say that reducing the nations salt intake would have “significant public health benefits.” High salt intake can cause high blood pressure, which is a contributing factor in more than 170,000 deaths a year . Sir John Krebs, the chairman of the FSA, said: “High blood pressure really is the silent killer, as those living with it are three times more likely to develop heart disease and stroke, and twice as likely to die from 7 these diseases as those with normal levels.” Many experts believe the biggest way to cut salt is to target food and drink manufacturers. Around 75% of salt in diets comes from processed food. Among the biggest contributors are bread, breakfast cereals, biscuits and pasta. Only 10% to 15% of the remaining salt is added during cooking or at the table, with a similar amount found naturally in certain foods. Environmentai rehabilitation Issues like global warming, destruction of the rainforests and loss of biodiversity dominate headlines and political agendas around the world. CARE Australia works in many environmentally sensitive areas where many of the farmers are desperately poor, and as a result, have been left with little choice but to practice unsustainable agricultural methods in order to survive. CAREs focus in this area is to ensure that local farmers produce sufficient food and income from their agricultural activities, while also preserving the natural environment for the generations that will follow them. CARE Australia operates a diverse range of agriculture and natural resource activities including: Sustainable agriculture In developing countries, 75 per cent of people rely on agriculture for their 8 living. CARE provides impoverished farmers with alternative agricultural activities to meet their food and income requirements while preserving their environment. For example, CARE ma