2015年考研英语语法长难句精析.doc

官方微信：cnedu_cn2015年考研英语 语法长难句精析考研英语长难句解析涉及到各个题型，考生如果能够精确的理解长难句，然后再结合各题型的技巧，考生在做题时就可以得心应手了，当然，最基本的词汇基础是要贯穿到复习的各个阶段，目前考生有了一定的词汇基础，并且对于基础语法也有一定的了解，但是遇到长难句时就难以下手，下面老师给考生分享下如何精析长难句。1. The physicist rightly dreads preciseargument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses allits force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly changed whereasan argument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable under smallperturbations of its underlying assumptions。解析：本句的定语从句较多，首先要分清主干，然后根据从句调整语序：since后的主干是：an argument loses all its force,argument 后的that引导的是定语从句修饰argument，if引导的是条件状语从句，if后的主干是：the assumptions are slightly changed. on which 修饰assumption, whereas后的主干是：an argument may well be stable. 其中that是引导argument的定语从句，under后面的是状语。参考翻译：科学家有理由担心精确的讨论，如果基于这个讨论的假设发生变化，那么这个值得信赖的讨论就会失去它所有的威力，然而在潜在的假设下，这个虽不精确但还值得信赖的讨论可能仍然值得担忧。2. He is referring to the upsurge ofinterest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection oftelecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers,content producers and mobile-network operators。解析：本句的主干是：He is referring to the upsurgeof interest in mobile television. 逗号后是同位语从句修饰mobile television，在同位语从句中出现whichoffers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile-networkoperators. 引导的定语从句，补充说明nascent industry。参考翻译：他谈到了众人对移动电视的巨大兴趣，这是一个在电信和媒体领域有交叉的新兴产业，它给设备制造商、电视内容制作者以及移动网络运营商提供了新的机遇。3. Meanwhile, Apple Computer, whichlaunched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October,is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows thatcan be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost”，“Desperate Housewives” and “Law &Order”。解析：本句比较长，出现了非定语从句的分隔结构，本句的主干是：Apple Computer is striking deals with television networks to expandthe range of shows，出现了which launched a video-capable version ofits iPod portable music-player in October,引导的定语从句修饰Apple Computer。That引导的定语从句修饰shows。句末的分词结构including“Lost”， “Desperate Housewives”and “Law &Order”作伴随状语，表明range ofshows的具体内容。参考翻译：与此同时，苹果电脑公司在10月发售了一款可以观看电视的便携式音乐播放器iPod，该公司大大帮助了电视网络扩大其可以供用户购买的、用于在移动终端的节目范围，包括迷失、绝望的主妇以及法律与秩序。以上便是我们与考生分享的语法长难句精析，希望考生们多做这方面的练习题，逐步掌握解析长难句的技巧。考生在分析英语长难句时要注意语法在句子中的“混搭”，对于综合语法的运用，考生要有能识别的慧眼，下面老师给考生详细解析：1. Some technologies do indeed improve at such a predictable pace that theyobey simple formulae such as Moores law, which acts as a battle plan for thesemiconductor industry。解析：本句不是很长，结构比较清晰，主句为Some technologies do indeed improve at such a predictable pace thatthey obey simple formulae such as Moores law，这里考生要能识别出suchthat结构;后面的 which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词formulae such as Moores law，which在从句中作主语。参考译文：的确，有些技术的进步是以一种可预测的节奏进行着，它们遵循摩尔定律般简单的公式，好比是半导体工业的行动计划。2. Visit many online sites to research a car, and they will sell your nameimmediately to local dealerships which will then harass you in theold-fashioned way。解析：本句是and引导的两个并列分句。注意前一分句省略了和后一分句相同的主语they(指代网络销售商)。同时也可以理解为是：祈使句+and+一般将来时，后一分句中，they will sell your nameimmediately to local dealerships是主句，关系代词which引导定语从句whichwill then harass you in the old fashioned way，which指代上文的一整句话。参考译文：网络销售商通过访问大量的网站去寻找一部车，然后就会把你的名字提供给当地的经销商，这又会让你重回到以前那种购车模式所带来的困扰中。3. Even Chinas population will be declining bythe early 2030s, according to the UN, which projects that by 2050 populationswill be lower than they are today in 50 countries。解析：本句的主句为Chinas population will be declining by the early 2030s。其后的定语从句which projects that by 2050populations will be lower than they are today in 50 countries修UN，关系代词在从句中作主语，注意这里project作动词用，译为“指出”，且从句里使用了比较级。参考译文：联合国有关报告指出，即便是中国，到2030年初期人口也将开始递减。这份报告同时还指出，到2050年，将有50个国家的人口低于今天的水平。4. That is surely how history will judge moderncriticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people intoviolent criminals.解析：本句的主句是主系表结构：That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of videogames，其中表语是how引导的名词性从句，定语从句which