定语从句省略问题与分词形容词作定语区别.doc

Half of _D_ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears. A. these B.some C.ones D. those作为指示代词，these 是近称。those 是远称。根据语境，本句所指应为the people who live in 16 countries. 应为远称。those 是替代词，替代上文特指的复数可数名词。 题干中未出现the people，但根据下文：to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.实有所指的 the people.DET You use those when you are referring to people or things that are a distance away from you in position or time, especially when you indicate or point to them. 那些 (指在空间或时间上离说话者稍远的人或物) 【格林斯】例：What are those buildings?那些建筑物是什么？（一般不说shese)所以选 D。原题2013高考浙江单选第11题。定语从句 省略问题与分词形容词作定语区别they wanted a leader (who is) familiar with the government.为什么这句话话中 who is 可以省下去？这是 形容词短语 作后置定语 短语作定语 要后置 相当于一个定语从句 但绝不是定语从句整个句子是简单句 如果用定语从句 就是复合句是什么作定语 就是什么作定语 概念不能混为一谈否则 任何词 作定语 都可以 看做定语从句的省略 岂不荒谬如 形容词作定语 he is a good student=he is a student who is good介词短语作定语 he is a student in our class.= he is a student who is in our class.现在分词作定语 there is a man standing at the gate.= there is a man who is standing at the gate.过去分词作定语 he is the boy named tom.=he is the boy who is named tom.本句 用形容词短语作定语 比 定语从句作定语 简洁 故 用前者 不用后者。定语从句中关系词省略的6种情形关系词有时可以省略，但这只限于限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词则不可省略。一、关系代词作宾语时的省略当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。如：在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。如：Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么东西吗? Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 刚才和你讲话的人是谁?二、关系代词作表语时的省略当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。如：China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。(that作表语)三、关系代词作宾补时的省略当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足时，可以省略。如：Im not the madman (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所认为的那个疯子。(that作宾语补语)四、关系副词when的省略用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)也可换成。如：That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出国了。Ill never forget the day (that) we met. 我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。五、关系副词where的省略用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。如：This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour? 你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时？六、关系副词why的省略关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句，且通常可换成that或for which，均可省略。如：Thats the reason (why, for which, that) he came. 这就