初中英语情态动词详解.doc

情态动词 情态动词的定义：表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 情态动词的特点：1. 后接动词原形 2. 没有人称和数的变化3. 变否定句直接加not. 4. 变一般疑问句直接将情态动词提前。 常用的情态动词：can/could, may/might, will/would, shall/should, must, need, etc. (注意：need有两种用法) u 情态动词的用法：1. can 和could的用法 表示能力。（could可作为can的过去） Eg. She _ speak English now. / She _ speak English at the age of five. 表示可能性。（对现在可能发生事情的推测）Eg. Anybody _ make mistake. / He _ be at home. (否定推测)(3) 表示请求。（could比can更委婉）Eg. _I use your room? / _I use your room? (更委婉)2. may 和might的用法。 表示请求。（might比may语气更委婉。）Eg. _ I use your dictionary. 表示可能性。Eg. He _ be right. 表示祝愿。Eg. _ you success! / _ all your dreams come true.3. will (wont) 和shall (shant) 的用法： 表将来：will可用于各种人称，而shall 只能用于第一人称I/we. shall用在一般疑问句中表示提建议。Eg. Jane _ join in the long jump, while I _ take part in the high jump. - _ we go for a picnic this weekend? - Good idea! 4. must的用法。 表示必须。（否定式mustnt表示“禁止”。）Eg. You _ return it to me. / You _ smoke in the office. 表示肯定的推测（一般用于肯定句中）Eg. The light is still on, so he _ be at home. （对现在肯定的推测） I saw him just now, so he _be in London. (对现在否定的推测) 注意： 在回答包含must的问句时，若是肯定回答可用must;若为否定回答，用neednt或dont have to,表示“不必”。Eg. Must I take my camera ? -Yes,you _.-No,you _./ No,you _. Must和have to的区别：两者都有“必须”之意。但must表示说话人的主观意志，have to表示客观的需要。Eg. You must stay at home tonight. / I have to stay at home tonight.5. need的用法。 作情态动词用表示“需要”。(拥有情态动词所有特点) Eg. She _ clean the classroom. / She _ clean the classroom.(否定) 作实义动词用表示“需要”。（此时 need就像其他动词一样，有人称和数的变化，固定搭配：need to do sth.） Eg.She _ take part in the sports meet. She _ take part in the sports meet. (否定)u 半情态动词：have to (具有以下特征：)1. _2. _3. _ Eg. My mom _ cook for us every day. (我妈妈每天得为我们做饭) He _ cook himself. (他不用自己做饭。) 随堂练习一. 句型转化1. -Must I finish my homework now?(作否定回答) -No, _ _./ No, _ _ _ _.2. Kangkang need clean the classroom himself.(变否定句) Kangkang _ _ the classroom himself.3. Jack has to return this book this Friday. (变否定句) Jack _ _ _ return this book this Friday.4. My friend will cook a big dinner the day after tomorrow.(划线提问) _ _ your friend _ the day after tomorrow?5.She can play baseball now.(用three years ago改写) She _ _ baseball three years ago.二用适当的情态动词填空。1. I _ go climbing with my father tomorrow afternoon. Im not sure.2. You _ (not) play with knives. It_ hurt you.3. You _ finish your himework before you play computer games.4. We _ say no to drugs.5. You _(not) take your camera there. Mike _ take his.6. I _(not) do this work myself. _ you help me?7. He _ (not) be there now. I saw him crossing the street ten minutes ago.8. _ you be happy forever.9. _ we take more warm clothes with us?10. Listen! There is someone singing in the room. That _ be Tina. She likes singing best.三选择正确答案。1. - I hear you got a new phone. _ I have a look? - Yes, certainly.A. May B. Do C. Shall D. Must2. - I cant stop playing computer games. - For your eyes, my dear friend, Im afraid you _.A. may B. can C. must D. will3. -Mum, must I stay there the whole day? -No, you _. You _ come back after lunch, if you like.A. mustnt; can B. neednt; must C. mustnt; should D. neednt; may4. - Is Maria knocking at the door? - It _ be her. She is in Australia now.A. may not B. neednt C. mustnt D. cant5. - May I play computer now? - No, you _.A. must not B. may not C. dont have to D. shouldnt6. His mother is ill today. So he _ to stay at home to look after her.A. may B. must C. have to D. has to 7.- I _ take part in the long