语法复习1-名词性从句.doc

语法复习专题之复合句一名词性从句l What he said surprised everyone present. 主语从句l I didnt know who I can turn to. 宾语从句The story is different from what we heard before.l The problem is how we can get there. 表语从句l The news that our team had won the match inspired all of us. 同位语从句 fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, problem, possibilityl 考点：1. what / that引导的区别2. whether / if引导的区别3. 名从与定从、状从的区别4. it作形主、形宾5. 名从中的虚拟语气l 知识清单：1. that(一) 主语从句1. 用it作形式主语：It is certain that she will do well in her exam.obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, It is no surprise that our team has won the game. no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, 2. that从句位于句首时，that绝对不能省略That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. (二) 宾语从句1. He has made it clear that he will not give in.V.+O.+OC.这些动词有：think, make, consider, find, 2. He differs from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.that从句一般不能充当介宾,偶尔可作except, in的宾语。 You may depend on it that I shall always help you.在其他介词后需用that从句作宾语时,必须用it作形式宾语。 3. Id appreciate it that you carry out the experiment as directed.l 注意以上3种需要用it作形式宾语的情况！(三) 表语从句：that不可省略(四) 同位语从句: that不可省略2. whether / if是否1) Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.主语从句放在句首，只能用whether2) The problem is whether the meeting will be given.3) I have no idea whether the meeting will be given.表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether4) I dont care if he doesnt come. （P70）宾语从句为否定句时用if 5) It depends on whether you can do the work well. 介词后只用whetherwhether/if or notwhether or not3. 特殊疑问词4. 名从的几个难点： 1）that不可省略的情况 a) That he will come is certain. 主语从句位于句首时 b) She told us (that) she loved flowers and that she would buy all those flowers. 一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的that不可省 c) I think it important that we should learn English well. it作形式宾语时2）wh-ever和no matter wh-的用法区别 a) Whatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me. 让步状从 = No matter what I said, he . b) He would believe whatever I said. 宾从 3）that引导的同位语从句与that引导的定从的区别 a) The news that our team won the match was encouraging. 同位语从句-内容是什么b) The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true. 定语从句-是哪一条（限定）4）as if/though, because, why引导的表从 a) It looked as if it was going to rain. b) He failed the exam again. Thats because he didnt work hard enough. c) My mother was ill. That was why I asked for three days leave.l 堂上即时训练： I. 1. Einsteins most famous theory is what we call the Theory of Relativity. 2. Perseverance is a kind of qualityand thats what it takes to do anything well. 3. Mark wondered what you thought of the new film. 4. He was driving at what I thought was a fantastic speed. 5. Dont you know that Australia was as a matter of fact what used to be a nation of prisoners?6. Do you doubt that I have completed the task? 7. Theres some doubt whether she will be able to repay the money on time. 8. It looks as if its going to rain. 9. The ties are good in both quality and style; she knows that whichever she chooses will match her husband.10. The reason for his success is that he worked hard. 11. That fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.12. After months of research there was little hope that the lost car might be found. 13. We know little about the young lady except what you told me. 14. I know nothing about her except that she is from Canada.15. Whoever would like to devote his whole life to his country should go where there are all kinds of difficulties.16. It so happened that I had no money on me.17. The chance that he will attend the meeting is very little.18. Could you tell me for whom you have bought this fur coat?19. Having checked the doors were closed, and that all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (2007湖南)20. It is pretty well understood what controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out atmosphere today. (2003上海)II. 1. 众所周知，中国是一个美丽而又历史悠久的国家。（主语从句） It is well known that China is a beautiful country with a long history. 2. 我还没有决定什么时候去参观那个名胜古迹。(宾语从句) I havent decided when I will go to visit that place of interest. 对比： when to visit . 3. 我感兴趣的是他是如何克服困难达成目标的。(表语从句) What interests me / What I am interested in is how he overcame the difficulties and achieved his goal.4. 从首都传来了消息，后天将举行盛大的国庆节庆祝活动。(同位语从句) Word came from the capital that a great celebration will be held in honour of / to celebrate National Day the day after tomorrow.5. 近年来是否该为学生减负的问题已经成为了全社会的热点话题。(宾语从句) In recent years there has been a nationwide discussion about /concerning whether we should reduce students academic pressures.It has become a hot topic whether we should reduce .1. 众所周知，中国是一个美丽而又历史悠久的国家。（主语从句） It is well known that China is a beautiful country with a long history.It is well known that China is As is well known to all, China is .What is well known is that China is .2. 我还没有决定什么时候去参观那个名胜古迹。(宾语从句) I havent decided when I will go to visit that place of interest.I havent decided when to visit 3. 我感兴趣的是他是如何克服困难达成目标的。(表语从句)What interests me is how he overcame the difficulties and achieved his goal.What I am interested in is .Im most interested in how 最令我印象深刻的是他常常微笑。What impressed me most is that he always smiled.He always smiled, which impressed me most.He always smiled, and this impressed me most.令我担心的是，令我生气的是what worries me is / annoyed him is / what drove him crazy is 4. 从首都传来了消息，后天将举行盛大的国庆节庆祝活动。(同位语从句) Word came from the capital that a great celebration will be held in honour of National Day the day after tomorrow.5. 近年来是否该为学生减负的问题已经成为了全社会的热点话题。(宾语从句) In recent years there has been a nationwide discussion about /concerning whether or not to reduce students academic pressures/ study load/ work load.l 经典句型：1) 给留下了深刻的印象What impressed deeplyWhat gave/ left him a deep impression2) 普遍认为/清楚指出It is commonly believed that It is clearly pointed out that 3) 我的信念/理想/梦想/座右铭是My belief/ ideal/ dream/ goal/ motto is that 4) 我想知道I wonder if/ how/ why/ when/ where/ etc.5) 成了全社会的/热点话题。对不同的人有不同的看法。There has been a heated/ nationwide discussion about/ concerning whether or not to There are different opinions about whether 6) 正如谚语所说/俗话说，“”。As a proverb says, “”As the saying goes, “”There goes the saying, “”句型小测：1) 最令我失望的是，他和室友相处得不太好。2) 俗话说，“有志者事竟成。”3) 我的梦想是有朝一日能环游世界。4) 他的毅力与自信给我留下深刻的印象。5) 众所周知，吸烟危害健康。l 补充练习：1. It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. 2. This museum is not what it was ten years ago. 3. She dresses well, but the trouble is that the clothes she is wearing dont go with each other very well. 4. The suggestion that students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering. 5. The old woman was shocked by what had happened to her daughter. 6. Lei Feng was always thinking of how he could help others. 7. There are three books on the desk. I dont know which one he will choose.8. We have plenty of books here. You may take whichever one you like best. 9. It depends on whether we have enough time. 10. You have no idea how anxious I have been for her safety. 11. Now we can see what a serious problem the population is . 12. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me if/whether theres a post office near here? 13. Whether you go or stay at home wont make any difference. 14. It has not been decided yet when the meeting will start at the hall. 15. My radio doesnt work. I dont know where the trouble is. 16. Theres a feeling in me that well never know what a UFO is not ever.17. His grandfather was among the first to settle in what is now a famous holiday center.18. That knowledge comes from practice is known to all. 19. The fire destroyed what was in the building. 20. The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored.21. That there is life on another planet is almost impossible. 22. Please give the book to whoever wins the first prize. 23. The chance that he will attend the meeting is very little.24. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 25. Some of the scientists held the view that what the book said was right.26. 他在那儿的所见所闻给他留下了深刻的印象。（主语从句）What he saw and heard there impressed him deeply. / gave/left him a deep