名词和代词单选题.docxVIP

内装订线学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_外装订线绝密启用前2014-2015学年度?学校8月月考卷试卷副标题考试范围：xxx；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：xxx题号一总分得分注意事项：1答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明评卷人得分一、单项选择（题型注释）1(2013辽宁，23) The accident caused some _ to my car, but its nothing serious.AharmBinjuryCruin Ddamage【答案】D【解析】考查名词的辨析。harm意为“危害；伤害”，主要指精神上的伤害；injury意为“受伤”，主要指躯体和情感上的伤害；ruin意为“毁灭；废墟；崩溃”，强调毁灭和不可修复；damage意为“损坏；损毁；损失”，强调使部分功能缺失。句意为：这起事故对我的汽车造成了一些损坏，但是不太严重。2(2013江苏，33)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _ for the better.Ashare Bchance Cturn Dlead【答案】C【解析】本题中四个选项均为常见的名词，考查take分别与这四个名词构成的短语的含义。take a share分担，为出力；take a chance冒险；take a turn转弯，转；(情况、形势等)转变；take a lead领先，带头。根据本句关键信息for the better可知讲的是有所好转，变得更好。句意为“有了源于其他食品文化的灵感，美国饮食文化可以变得更好”。朗文辞典上也有类似的例句：The Presidents fortunes seem, at last, to have taken a turn for the better (started to improve)总统的时运似乎终于出现转机了。3Many childrens attraction to _ video games is _ escape from the pressures of the real world.Athe; an Bthe; theC/; the D/; an【答案】D【解析】考查冠词。句意：许多孩子对电子游戏的着迷是他们对真实世界中压力的一种逃避。第一空，复数名词表示“泛指”，不用冠词；第二空，抽象名词具体化，表示“一种解脱”，用不定冠词an。4The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _ car.Agirls; Toms Bgirls; TomsCgirls; Toms Dgirls; Toms【答案】C【解析】根据题干后半部分的them可知第一个空应用复数的所有格girls；第二个空用Toms表示“汤姆的”。5(2013天津卷)While she was in Paris，she developed a_ for fine art.A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit【答案】C【解析】考查名词的含义及语境理解。way方式，方法；relation关系；taste 品位，鉴赏；habit习惯。句意：当她在巴黎时，她培养了很好的艺术品位。 6Every possible means _， but it seems that nothing will prevent the situation from getting worse.A. has tried B. have triedC. has been tried D. have been tried 【答案】C【解析】考查语态和主谓一致。句意：每一个可能的方法都已经被尝试过了，但是看起来什么也不能阻止局势的恶化。由句意可知，应该用被动语态；means单复数同形，但是可以从every可知，应该是单数；所以答案选C。7One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word formation.A不填 BtheCa Done 【答案】C【解析】knowledge本为不可数名词，但当它被形容词修饰时，就具体化了，此时其前应加a/an，意为“对的了解；有方面的知识”。所以答案为C项。8Pardon？Who will come?_.A. The friend of Mr. GreensB. A friend of a teachersC. The aunt of Toms D. A cousin of my fathers【答案】D【解析】考查名词所有格的表达方式。双重所有格中，带有s的名词必须是明确限定的指人的名词，同时of前面的名词必须不确指，故A、B、C三项错误，D项正确。9（2013浙江）As the worlds population continues to grow, the _of food becomes more and more of a concern.A.worth B. supply C. package D. list【答案】B【解析】句意：由于世界人口的不断增长，粮食的供应越来越成为大家关注的焦点。A 价值，B供应，供给 C包裹，包装 名单，条目【考点定位】名词词义辨析。10（2013浙江）Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.A.pessimistic B. temporary C. previous D. cautious【答案】B【解析】句意：玛丽以前是个临时的秘书在这里工作，但最终成为这个公司的正式人员。根据full-time 可知应选B。A 悲观的 B 临时的，暂时的 C 以前的 D小心谨慎的【考点定位】名词词义辨析。11（2013福建卷)_ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having known C. KnowingD. Being known【答案】C【解析】考查动名词做主语：分析句子成分，可知谓语是will help，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以让你尽快的回应紧急状况。所以选C。【考点定位】考查动名词做主语12（2013湖北卷) Poetry written from the _ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege【答案】A【解析】句意：透视城市青年的诗倾向于揭示他们的焦虑在于缺乏归属感。perspective“透视”； priority“ 优先，优先权”； participation“参加，参与”； privilege“特权，优惠”。【考点定位】考查名词的意义。13（2013辽宁卷)The accident caused some _ to my car,but it s nothing serious.A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage【答案】D【解析】句意:事故给我的小汽车带来一些毁坏，但不严重。do harm to给带来伤害；injury损失；ruin毁灭；do damage to给带来毁坏。根据词义和搭配选择答案。【考点定位】考查名词辨析。14（2012山东卷）My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. A. expressionB. attentionC. satisfaction D. impression【答案】D【解析】略15（2012福建卷） 一 Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?一 Well, you know, English is my . So it is my best choice.A. strengthB. talentC. abilityD. skill【答案】A【解析】根据后半句的进一步解释“So it is my best choice”“这是我最好的选择”可知本空指的的是“英语是我的强项”，strength意为“优势，强项”与weakness是反义词。【考点定位】本题考查名词辨析16（2012浙江卷）Youras a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.A. operationB. growthC. performanceD. character【答案】C【解析】根据句意：作为一个学生，你的学习（performance）会很棒的如果你能够养成对所学的的东西进行反思的话。operation操作、手术；growth增长；character人物、角色，均不符合语境，故排除。【考点定位】名词17（2012湖北卷）It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow【答案】 A【解析】句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。A项意为“症状”，符合句意；B项意为“类似”，C项意为“样本”，D项意为“阴影”，都与语意不符。【考点定位】考查名词辨析。难度中等。18（2012湖北卷）The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa. A. pattern B. procedure C. program D. perspective【答案】 B【解析】句意为：这位官员坚持认定Michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。B项意为“程序”，符合句意；A项意为“模式”，C项意为“节目”，D项意为“远景”，都与语意不符。【考点定位】考查名词辨析。难度较易。19（2012江苏卷） Can I help you with it? I appreciate your, but I can manage it myself.A. adviceB. questionC. offer D. idea【答案】C【解析】句意为：我可以帮你吗？我感激你的提议 “offer”，但我自己能设法做的。offer意为“提议”，符合题意。A意为“建议，劝告”；B意为“问题”；D意为“想法，主意”。【考点定位】名词词义辨析20（2012江西卷）Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .ApurposeBreferenceCprogressDmemory【答案】B【解析】你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。for future reference是一个常用词组搭配，表示“以供日后参考”。【考点定位】考察词义辨析21（2012四川卷）He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. Its just a matter of _.A. luck B. value C. time D. fact【答案】 C 【解析】句意为：他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间的问题。根据句意选C。【考点定位】本题考查名词辨析。22（2012全国II）The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great _ in this city.A. quantity B. progress C. production D. demand【答案】D【解析】此处quantity数量；progress进步； production生产；demand要求。这里be in great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。句意：哈利波特很受欢迎；在这个城市有很大的需求量。【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。23（2011山东卷,34Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship【答案】A【解析】句意为“我们办公室有个传统:轮到某个人的生日时，他就带蛋糕来与大家分享。”tradition传统；balance平衡；concern关心；relationship关系，联系。句中somebody 与they相照应，说明不止一次，因此用tradition作答案。【考点定位】考查名词的辨义。24（2011江苏卷,32Wed better discuss everything _ before we work out the plan.Ain detail Bin general Con purpose Don time【答案】A【解析】句意为“我们最好先详细地讨论好一切，然后再制定计划。”in detail详细地；in general一般而言, 总的来说；on purpose故意地；on time准时。根据句意，先讨论后定计划，选A。【考点定位】考查名词的辨义。25（2011江苏卷,27Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.AconsequenceBindependenceCcompetenceDintelligence【答案】C【解析】句意为 “教师要不断地更新他们的知识以便保持专业上的称职。”consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，胜任，称职；intelligence智力, 智慧; 理解力。根据句意选C。【考点定位】考查名词的辨义。26（2011浙江卷,18Anyway, I cant cheat himits against all my _.A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions【答案】B【解析】句意为“不管怎样，我不能欺骗他这违反我的原则。”emotion情绪；principle原则，准则；regulation规定，规则；opinions意见。根据句意选B。【考点定位】考查名词的辨义。27（2011福建卷,26The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major of global climate change.A.result B.cause C.warning D.reflection【答案】B【解析】句意为“公众缺乏对生态环境友好的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的主要原因。”result结果；cause原因；warning警告；reflection反映。cause与global climate change存在着因果关系，故选B。【考点定位】考查名词的辨义。28（2011四川卷,13Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens . A.touch B.sight C.reach D.distance【答案】C【解析】句意为“时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。”out of touch不联系，不接触；out of sight看不见, 在视野之外；out of reach手够不着, 达不到；out of distance远离=far away。根据前面的交代的危险品，选C。【考点定位】考查名词的辨义。29（2014届山东省济宁市曲阜师大附中高三上学期期中考试英语试卷）- Why do you choose to work in a kindergarten?- Well, you know, dancing is my _. So it is my best choice.A. talent B. ability C. strength D. skill【答案】C【解析】句意：你为什么选择在幼儿园工作呢？你知道，舞蹈是我的强项，因此教幼儿园是我最好的选择。A. talent天赋 B. ability 能力 C. strength 力气，强项 D. skill技能 根据句意所以C正确。30（2013-2014学年四川省雅安中学高二4月月考英语试卷）The task is very difficult. I wonder whether we will be able to finish it in the _ of any other helpers.A. appearanceB. escape C. spare D. absence【答案】D【解析】A. appearance出现，外貌，B. escape逃离，C. spare备用零件，备用轮胎，D. absence缺席，不在，句意：这个任务很困难，我想知道没有别人的帮助是否能够完成。in the absence of“在不在的时候”，所以选D。31（2014届陕西省西工大附中高三第七次适应性训练英语试卷）Ms Liu saw a fashion dress in a shop which set her heart racing. However, its price was far beyond her _. A. range B. certainty C. reach D. contact 【答案】C【解析】 A. range范围，射程，类别，（山脉，房屋等的）排列，B. certainty确定性，C. reach手脚能够到的范围，范围，区域，D. contact 联系，句意：刘女士在商店看见让她心动的时尚的衣服，然而，价格超出她的能力范围。beyond ones reach“超出某人的能力”，所以选C。32（2014届四川省凉山州高三第二次诊断性测试英语试卷）After great efforts President Obama was elected to a second of officeA. turn B. round C. term D. stage【答案】C【解析】A. turn次序，B. round轮，C. term学期，任期，D. stage舞台，阶段，句意：在尽了很大努力后，奥巴马被选举担当连任总统。选C.33（2014届浙江省宁波市十校高三3月联考英语试卷）Before we end this program, lets take a at the sports news brieflyAglare B glance C stare D watch【答案】B【解析】Aglare怒目而视，B glance一瞥，闪微光，掠过，擦过，随便提到，简略地触及，C stare凝望，盯着看，D watch观看，句意：在我们结束这个项目前，让我们简单的浏览一下体育新闻。所以选B。34（2014届天津市十二区县重点校高三第一次模拟联考英语试卷）-Did you finish reading that long novel? -No, I ran out of _. Its too long and I only completed half of it.A. sympathy B. devotion C. patience D. strength【答案】C【解析】A sympathy同情，B devotion奉献，投入，C. patience耐心，D strength力量，句意：-你读完了那篇长篇小说了吗？-没有，我失去了耐心，太长了，我只读完了一半。所以选C。35（2014届安徽省合肥市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷）It takes _ to talk to others on the team when that might expose some of your own weaknesses or ignorance.A. energyB. patienceC. wisdomD. courage【答案】D【解析】A. energy精力，能源，B. patience耐心，C. wisdom智慧，D. courage勇气，句意：-当有可能暴露自己的弱点和无知的时候，在团队中和别人交谈是需要勇气的。所以选D。36（2013-2014学年四川省绵阳市南山中学高一3月月考英语试卷）Thelionisconsideredthekingoftheforestasitisa(n)_ofcourageandpower.Aexample Bsign C.mark D.symbol【答案】D【解析】句意：狮子被认为是森林之王，因为它是权力和勇气的象征。A例子；B标记，迹象；C记号，分数；D象征。根据句意可以判断选D。37（2014届江苏省南京市高三第二次英语模拟试卷）It is really important for parents to reach a _ between what they want and what their kids desire.A. conclusionB. compromiseC. communication D. consensus【答案】B【解析】A. conclusion结论，B. compromise妥协，C. communication 交流，D. consensus共识，句意：对父母来说在他们想要的和孩子渴望的东西之间达成妥协真的是很重要。选B。38（2014届湖北省黄冈市高三年级3月测试英语试卷）Selig formally announced on Thursday his intention to retire in January 2015. “It remains my great_to serve the game I have loved throughout my life.” he said.A. contributionB. patternC. competitionD. privilege【答案】D【解析】句意：Selig上周四正式宣布他打算在2015年1月退休。他说：从事我一生所钟爱的运动是我的荣幸。A. contribution奉献；B. pattern句式；C. competition比赛；D. privilege荣誉待遇，特权。故选D。39（2014届江西省九所重点中学高三下学期3月联合考试英语试卷）John began to feel little beads of sweat going down the back of his neckHis words seemed to have had no visible _ on the manAaffect BeffectCaffection Dimpact【答案】B【解析】句意：约翰感觉小汗珠从脖子后面流下来，他的话好像对这个人没有什么影响。这里使用词组：have effect on sb“对某人有影响，有效果”，A.affect动词“影响”，C.affection“喜爱”，impact“最大影响”，所以选B。40（2014届江西省六校高三下学期联考英语试卷）- What impressed you most during your stay in Britain? - I had the _ of meeting the Queen when she visited our school.A. treaty B. privilege C. inspiration D. exploration【答案】B【解析】句意：-在英国期间，给你印象最深刻的是什么？-当女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到了她。A条约；B特权，荣幸；C灵感，鼓舞；D探索，研究。havetheprivilegeofdoingsth.很荣幸做某事，是习惯用法，故选B。41（2014届福建省龙岩市高三毕业班教学质量检查英语试卷）Our English teacher often creates a(n) in class for us to communicate like native speakersA.situation B. condition C. position Doccasion【答案】A【解析】句意：我们的英语老师经常在课堂上创造一种情形使我们能像当地人那样的交流。A .situation情形；B. condition条件；C position位置；Doccasion偶然状况。故选A。 42（2014届浙江省“六市六校”联盟高考模拟考试英语试卷）As the quality of the citys air continues to give rise to _, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks. A. concerns B. descriptions C. catastrophe D. emergency【答案】A【解析】句意：因为城市的空气质量一直引起关注，居民被鼓励燃放更少的烟火。A. concerns关心，担心，B. descriptions描述，C. catastrophe 灾难，D. emergency紧急情况，所以选A。43（2014届福建永春一中培元中学季延中学石狮联中高三上第二次联考英语卷）If we keep wasting so much energy, _are that our oil wells will dry up and the environment will be destroyed.A. problems B. difficulties C. questions D. chances【答案】D【解析】A. problems问题，B. difficulties困难，C. questions问题，D. chances机会，句意：如果我们一直浪费这么多的能源，可能我们的油井会干涸，环境也会被破坏。这里是句型：chances are that“可能会”，选D。44（2014届辽宁省大连市第三中学高三上学期期末考试英语试卷） The moonlight was bright and about 15 yards up the road there was a deep _ thrown by a tree.A. shade B. shelter C. shadow D. reflection【答案】C【解析】句意：月光明亮，一棵树从大约45英尺的地方投射影子到路上。这里指的是树的“影子、投影”。A阴凉处，遮光物，灯罩；B居所，避难所；C阴影，影子；D考虑，倒影，反射。故选C。45（2014届广西桂林中学高三2月月考英语试卷）As they couldnt satisfy my _, Im _now.A. needing; hunger B. need; starved C. needed; starvation D. needs; starving 【答案】D【解析】句意“由于他们不能满足我的需要，我快要饿死了”。这里的 “satisfy ones needs”“满足某人的需求”， starve动词，“挨饿”，hunger名词“饥饿”，。starvation名词“饥饿”，选D。46（2014届浙江省六校高三3月联考英语试卷） In fact, the renovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers housing _ in recent years.A. situations B. equipment C. circumstancesD. conditions【答案】D【解析】A. situations形势，B. equipment设备，C. circumstances环境，情况，D. conditions条件，状况，句意：事实上，这项变革只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目的一小步。所以选D。47（2014届江苏省苏州市高三1月调研测试英语试卷）The problem with seeing famous tourist attractions is the steadyof people all trying to see the place at the same time, so I doubt whether it is worth it.A. amount B. group C. pump D. stream【答案】D【解析】A. amount数量， B. group团体，团队，C. pump泵，打气筒，D. stream河流， 潮流，趋势，倾向；（事件等的）连续，（财富等的）滚滚而来； 流出，流注，一连串，句意：看著名的旅游景点的问题是络绎不绝的游客都试图在同一时间看到的地方,所以我怀疑是否这是值得的。这里用stream指“人流”，所以选D。48（2014届福建省福州八中高三第六次质检考试英语试卷）A beekeeper has a to motivate the bees by leaving some honey in the hivenot so much in case that the bees stop working.A. trick B. tool C. talent D. desire【答案】A【解析】句意：养蜂人有一个诀窍来诱导蜜蜂，那就是留一些蜜在蜂巢，不要太多以防蜜蜂停止工作。Trick诀窍；tool工具；talent才能；desire渴望，选A。49（2014届甘肃省河西五市部分普通高中高三上学期1月第一次联合考试英语卷）The police are trying to find out the _ of the woman killed in the traffic accidentAevidence Brecognition Cidentity Dstatus【答案】C【解析】A证据；B认出，承认；C身份；D地位；状态，身份；句义：警察正在努力查明在事故中去世的那位妇女的身份。根据句义说明C项符合上下文语境。50（2014年陕西省咸阳市高考模拟考试（一）英语试卷）Messi, only 25, has won his _ as one of the worlds greatest soccer player.A. reputation B. achievement C. contribution D. civilization 【答案】A【解析】reputation名誉，名声；achievement成就，成绩；contribution贡献，捐助；civilization文明；句义：只有25岁的梅西已经赢得了世界上最好的球员的名誉。根据句义说明A正确。51（2014届福建省漳州市七校高三第二次联考英语试卷）Nowadays students can enjoy easy _ to various learning resources through the Internet.AaccessBintroductionCwayDdescription【答案】A【解析】句意：如今学生们可以通过网络很容易地利用各种学习资源。A通道，接近；B介绍；C方法，道路；D描述。根据语义可知此处指接近、利用学习资源，答案选A52（2014届福建省泉州市泉港区惠华中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷）As a candidate, you must make a good_on everyone you meet if you want to win the election.A. decision B. situation C. impression D. position【答案】C【解析】A. decision决定，B. situation形势，C. impression印象，D. position位置，句意：做为候选人，如果你想赢得选举，你应该给你遇到的每个人留下好印象。所以选C。53（2014届福建省莆田市高三3月质量检测英语试卷）The speech from the new government is a _ that major changes are on the wayAnotice Bfeature Csignal Dmark【答案】C【解析】Anotice布告；Bfeature特征；Csignal信号；Dmark标志。句意：新一届政府的演讲是重要变革的信号。that major changes are on the way重大变革即将来临，是a signal的同位语从句 ，故选C项。 54（2014届浙江省杭州高级中学高三第六次月考英语试卷） It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in _.A. news B. print C. publication D. press 【答案】B【解析】句意：当我看见自己的名字被印刷在印刷品上，我感到莫名的兴奋。词组“in print ”1. 已出版的；印成书报等 2. （书等）正在发售的，没绝版的 3. 印刷字体的，A. news消息， C. publication 出版物；出版；公布，D. press新闻报道，出版物，压榨，所以选B。55（2014届浙江省杭州二中高三第五次（3月）月考英语试卷） We look forward to the day when the car will be replaced by some less dangerous_ of transport.A. methodsB. meansC. mannersD. ways【答案】B【解析】A.methods方法，B. 方式，手段，途径，C. manners态度，方式，D. ways方式，方法，句意：我们盼望汽车被一些不太危险的交通工具代替。means of transport“交通方式”，这是固定搭配。选B。56（2014届陕西省商南高级中学高三第一学期三模英语试卷）Some students are now busy preparing for the “Independent Recruitment(自主招生)” contest, in hopes of getting a “Pass” card at their first _.A. purposeB. performance C. desireD. attempt【答案】D【解析】句意：一些学生现在正在忙于准备自主招生考试，希望获得他们第一次尝试的通行证。purpose目的；performance表现；desire希望；attempt尝试，选D。57（2014届江西省红色六校高三第二次联考英语试卷） The police are trying to find out the _ of the woman murdered in the bathroomA. evidence B. characteristic C. status D. identity【答案】D【解析】A. evidence证据；B. characteristic特征；C. status地位；D. identity识别。句意：警察正努力识别出在浴室谋杀的妇女。故D正确。58（2014届湖北省荆州市高中毕业班质量检查（）英语试卷）Some people say that Mars should be protected as a wildlife reserve where we do everything possible to avoid pollution, on the _ that life could exist on it.A. assumption B. arrangement C. assistance D. appointment【答案】A【解析】assumption假定；arrangement安排 ；assitance帮助；appointment委派；句意：假设火星有生命存在的话，一些人说火星应该被保护起来做为一个保护区，在这个地方做我们所能做的来避免污染。根据上文提到Mars s