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六年级英语语法1动词be(is,am,are)的用法我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。2this,that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is, 不说That is。如:This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如:Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的,我是,你是谁?注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am, Are you?/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如:Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?Yes, it is. 是的,它是。Whats that? 那是什么?Its a kite. 是只风筝。3these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。4名词s所有格单数名词后直接加 “ s ”:Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeffs mother杰夫的妈妈以s结尾的复数名词,只加“”Teachers Day教师节 the twins books双胞胎的书不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ s ”Childrens Day 儿童节 mens shoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加sLucys and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子) 5There be句型注意 people(人们)本身就是复数 Chinese(中国人)单复数一样(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be某物(某人)某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:On the desk there is a book.(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:There is a tree behind the house.There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).There are some pears in the box.(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:There is a book and some pens on the floor.There are some pens and a book on the floor.6like一词的用法like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。(2)后接动名词(v. -ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。7句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即Iwe, youyou,she,he,it they。如:She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am,is要变为are。如:Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. They are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:It is an apple. They are apples.(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:This is a box. These are boxes.8英语日期的表示法英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。9.时间的表达法(1) 直读式,即直接读出时间数字7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen(2) 过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five(3)12小时制6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分(4)24小时制13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分(5)15分可用quarter4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six(6)时间前通常用at.at 5 oclock at 7:30 p.m.10. want用法(1)想干什么用want to do sthThey want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。(2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化He wants to play basketball.Li Xia wants to play the piano.(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does.Do you want to play soccer ball ? Yes , I do . / No , I dont.Does he want to go home by bus ? Yes , he does . / No , he doesnt可数名词的单数变复数规则(规则变化):绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加s,例如,;以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加es。例如:family- families,dictionary- dictionaries;在以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后加es。例如:Class- Classes,watch(手表)-watches;在以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为ves。例如:wife-wives,leaf-leaves;以o结尾的名词,有生命的加s,没有生命的加es。例如:piano-pianos,tomato-tomatoes,zoo-zoos。可数名词的单数变复数(不规则变化):man-men;woman-women;child-children;chinese- chinese;Japanese- Japanese一般现在时用法:(1)一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,或存在的状态。例如:I am a student.我是一个学生。(存在的状态)He likes apples.他喜欢苹果。She has a bike.她有一辆自行车。这些动词常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。例如:I go to school every day.我每天去上学。He doesnt work on Sundays.他星期天不工作。(2)表示普遍真理或客观事实。例如: It is hot in summer.夏天天气热。(普遍真理/客观事实)There is a big tree near the house.房子附近有一棵大树。(客观事实)The sun rises(v, 升起)in the east.太阳从东方升起。(普遍真理) (3)表示主语的特征、性格、状态或能力等。例如:He is at work now.他现在在工作。(表示主语的状态)Do you speak English?你会讲英语吗?(表示主语的能力) I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。(表示主语的喜好) (4)表示计划、安排的将来动作,也可用一般现在时。如go,come,leave,arrive, be,start,begin等动词常可以这样使用。例如:She comes back tonight.她今晚回来。(现在还未到晚上,她还未回来)The metting is at 8:30,dont be late .八点钟开会,别迟到。(会还未开,还没有迟到)主谓一致(现在时态)1 be动词(am is are)的用法 I am ; 主(单) is ; 主(复) are ; You are2 实义动词(行为动词)谓语肯:主(三单)+动词(三单)+其他 ; 主(除三单以外的人称)+动原+其他否:主(三单)+doesnt +动原 +其他; 主(除三单以外的人称)+dont +动原 +其他一般疑问:Does+主(三单)+动原+其他;Do+主(除三单以外的人称)+动原+其他 ( 1)含有系动词的 Im a Chinese boy . She is twelve . He is Tims brother . Her mother is an English teacher .含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”,上面句子变成一般疑 问句时分别为 Are you a Chinese boy ?( 注意第一人称通常变为第二人称 ) Is she twelve ?Is he Tims brother ?Is her mother an English teacher ?含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”,前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为 Im not a Chinese boy.She isnt twelve .He is not Tims btother .Her mother isnt an English teacher .(2)含有情态动词的句子 ( can ), She can play basketball.His mothers cousin can sing many English songs. 含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”,上面两句变一般疑问句分别为Can she play basketball ?Can his mothers cousin sing many English songs ?含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为She can not play basketball .His mothers cousin can not sing many English songs .(3)含有行为动词的句子We have many friends.They watch TV at 7 in the evening .The students take their books to school .I have lunch at school .You have a sister . 含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为Do you have many friends ?Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?Do the students take their books to school ?Do you have lunch at school ?Do you have a sister ? 含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加dont .上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为We dont have many friends.They dont watch TV at 7 in the evening .The students dont take their books to school .I dont have lunch at school .You dont have a sister . 含有行为动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词要加s (或es)如:She has a red pen .He has eggs for breakfast .Her mother buys a skirt for her .She likes thrillers .My brother watches TV every evening .He wants to go to a movie .含有行为动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数时,变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does , 同时行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为:Does she have a red pen ?Does he have eggs for breakfast ?Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?Does she like thrillers ?Does your brother watch TV every evening ?Does he want to go to a movie ?含有行为动词的句子,当主语是第三人称单数时,变否定句时“在行为动词前面加doesnt , 同时原行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变否定句分别为:She doesnt have a red pen .He doesnt have eggs for breakfast .Her mother doesnt buy a skirt for her .She doesnt like thrillers .My brother doesnt watch TV every evening .He doesnt want to go to a movie . 注意:肯定句中含有and 和 some, 否定句应相应变为:or 和 anyHe has a pen and a pencil.- He doesnt have a pen or a pencil.(四)代词1、人称代词和物主代词人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格IWeyouyoushe he itthey宾格meUsyouyouher him itthem物主代词myouryouryourher his itstheir2、指示代词: this (these) that (those)3、不定代词 some ,any, many, much ,a little, someone, little, a lot of, lots of, a lot Some (肯定句和成熟句) any(否定句和疑问句)两个后都接可数或不可数名词 Many (后接可数名词) much (后接不可数名词) 4、疑问代词 who what how much how old (疑问副词:when where )5、反身代词 myself yourself him/her/it+self ourselves yourselves themselves(五)数量词1、基数词 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen Twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred2、序数词 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth twelfth twentieth twenty-first twenty-second3、基数变序数方法: 基变序,有规律,第一、二、三单独记。th 从四加起, 八去t来 九去 e 。遇到ve, f 替, -ty变为 tie,后跟-th莫迟疑。若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。句子1 be否:在be动词之后加not一般?:把be动词提前,人称作相应变换,句末打问号 结构:be+主+其他?2 情态动词(单独不可作句子的谓语,必须与实义动词联用) can , may肯:主+情+动原+其他 否:在情态动词之后加not一般?:情+主+动原+其他?(肯定要Yes回答,否定要No回答)3 特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般?特殊疑问:what , what color , what club , what kind of movies , how , how much , how many , how old ,where , when , what time , why , whowhat -具体物品what color-red,yellow,green,blue,black,white,orange.what kind of movies-action movie, comedy, documentary, thriller, opera, Beijing Opera.how much +一般? “某物多少钱” how much +不可数名词 “多少.物品”how many +可数名词的复数 “多少.物品” how old. .岁?where +be(is/are)+限定词+名词_Its/They,re.-in“在.里” / on “在.上” / under “在.下” when -时间 in +大概时间(年月)或固定词组(in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening.) on +具体某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上及固定词组(on weekends.) at +具体几点几分what time/when -几点几分 why -because介词 介+doing 动原in 在里;用 in the room , in his desk ;

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