印度卢比惨跌谷底一托福阅读机经背景.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料印度卢比惨跌谷底一托福阅读机经背景 Indias currency - the rupee - has fallen to an all time low in recent weeks, putting pressure on nearly every facet of the once booming economy. The depreciation is affecting many who are already hurt by the countrys high inflation rate. 最近几个星期来，印度货币卢比贬值，跌到历史最低点，从各个方面给一度蓬勃发展的经济带来压力。高通货膨胀率已经给很多人带来打击，卢比贬值又会对他们有什么影响? New Delhi resident Jaskaran Lamba knew pursuing a Masters in Public Administration at Columbia University in New York would be expensive. 新德里居民雅斯卡伦兰巴知道，为了获得公共管理硕士学位，而到纽约哥伦比亚大学深造，学费是很昂贵的。 What he did not count on was a 13 percent drop in the rupees value in just two months to reach a record low of 60 against the U.S. dollar. 可是他没有想到的是，仅仅2个月，卢比就贬了百分之13，降到了60卢比兑1美元的最低纪录。 The additional financial burden has made him second guess whether starting the two year program in September will be worth it. 进一步的经济负担让他重新考虑，9月份开学的2年学业是否值得。 “The fact remains that I am going to pay $100,000 and if that $100,000 means a difference of five rupees, thats straight five lakhs 500,000 rupees or $8,500. Even if I take a loan or my parents are funding me, thats a difference of five lakhs to them or to me from my savings,” Lamba stated. 新德里居民雅斯卡伦兰巴说：“问题是，我要付10万卢比，如果兑换率相差5卢比，10万就意味着相差5万卢比。即使我贷款，或者我父母出钱，他们或者我的存款就要少5万卢比。” He is not alone. Effects of the rupees depreciation will spread across much of the Indian economy, with most people eventually feeling the pinch. 兰巴不是唯一的受害者。卢比贬值给印度经济带来全面影响，最终大多数人都会感到困难。 Not only will imports, such as electronics and auto parts, be more expensive - but fuel costs will likely also go up. India is the worlds fourth largest importer of oil - relying on imports for 80 percent of its crude needs. 不仅是进口商品，比如电器和汽车零件会涨价，而且燃料价格也会上升。印度是世界上第四大石油进口国，百分之80的原油需求靠进口。 Rising fuel prices means higher transportation costs that will hit consumers already dealing with high food inflation. 燃料价格上涨意味着运输费用上涨，通货膨胀已经促使食品涨价，这会给消费者进一步打击。 India is not alone in seeing its currency depreciate - other emerging markets like Brazil and South Africa have also been affected by the strengthening of the dollar. But economists here say the rupee was already under pressure from a high fiscal deficit, untamable inflation and a lack of foreign direct investment. 印度不是唯一货币贬值的国家，巴西和南非等其他的新兴市场也受到美元坚挺的影响。可是美国经济学家说，卢比已经受到年度财政赤字高、通货膨胀失控和缺乏直接外来投资的影响。 The falling rupee could help Indian exports by making them cheaper. But N. R. Bhanamurthy with the New Delhi-based National Institute of Public Finance and Policy said that is likely not enough to overcome many of the challenges that foreign companies face doing business in India. 卢比贬值会降低产品价格，有助于印度的出口。可是总部设在新德里的印度国家公共财政和政策研究所的班纳穆西说，对在印度的外国公司来说，那不足以克服他们面临的很多困难。 “I think its very important for the government to bring in more growth-oriented policies so that you attract more investment. In fact, you can control the domestic capital going out. For the last two to three months, there is a trend that domestic capital is going out,” said Bhanamurthy. 经济学家班纳穆西说：“我想，很重要的一点是，政府要采取更多的有利于经济增长的政策，这样才可以吸引更多的投资。事实上，你可以控制国内资金外流，过去2到3个月来，出现了内资外流的趋势。” Whether it was dealing with bureaucracy or bribes, Anant Dehadrai saw firsthand the hurdles foreign companies face as a former head of a Japanese firm in India and now an investor in Indias health system. “If I have an opportunity to be in India or somewhere else, I would rather go somewhere else, Dehadrai stated. Where its so much easier to do business. At the end of the day, I want to optimize my profits. Why should I come here?” 阿奈特德哈德莱曾经是在印度的一家日本公司的负责人，现在是印度医疗系统的投资人。他亲身感受到外国公司在印度面对的困难。新德里居民阿奈 特德哈德莱说：“如果我能选择住在印度或者其他地方的话，我会选择其他地方，到那些做生意容易得多的地方去。最终我要优化利润，我为什么要到这里来 呢?” With two children living abroad, including a son who just finished law school in the United States, Dehadrai is acutely aware of the effect of the rupees depreciation. 德哈德莱有两个孩子在国外，其中一个儿子刚刚从美国一所法学院毕业。德哈德莱对卢比贬值非常敏感。 He remembers paying 40 rupees against the dollar and hopes those days and that of Indias