人教社高一英语单词创新学习.doc

人教社高一英语单词创新学习(分单元同步)人教版 高二unit 1单词表(上)成都市成华区英语教研室 何朝平说明：*为超课标词汇，一般不作详细讲解Unit 11. *undertake 7QndE5teIk (undertook, undertaken)vt. 1)make yourself responsible for sth. and start doing sth.承担，负责2) agree; promise to do sth.承诺，答应名言Undertake not what you cannot perform; but be careful to keep your promise.不要承担自己无法履行的事；但要注意言而有信。 G. Washington 华盛顿2. *analysis E5nAlEsIs (pl. analyses E5nAlEsi:z) n. the detailed study or examination to understand more分析3. obvious 5RbvIEs adj. 显然Its obvious that you object to the plan.显然，你反对这个计划。=Obviously, you object to the plan.4. within wI5TIn prep. adv. 1. inside a certain area and not beyond it 在范围以内,不超过 2. during a certain period of time 在期间 SYN: in 在里面5. agriculture5AgrIkQltFE n. Ufarming; cultivating the soil to make crops grow; the raising of crops and farm animals农业，农学agricultural 7AgrI5kQltFErEladj. 农业的6. gravity5grAvEtIthe force that attracts objects towards the center of the earth 重力，地球引力Newtons law of gravity 牛顿万有引力定律7. curious 5kjJErIEsadj. have a strong desire to know about sth.好奇的；奇异的 sb. be curious about/as to sth.某人对（做）某事好奇= sb. be curious to do sth.=sb. be curious thatIt be curious that做某事，这很反常。高考试题People have always been curious_ how living things on the earth exactly began. (2006辽宁)A. in B. atC. of D. about8. branch brB:ntF n. C树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；支部 高考试题The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has _all over the country.（2005辽宁）A. companies B. branches C. organizations D. businesses9. debate dI5beItn. & v.讨论,辩论10. *scan skAn v. look quickly but not very carefully at sth.浏览，翻阅11. boundary5baJndrIn. Ca real or imagined line that marks the limits边界，界限12. graduate n. 5rAdjUet C someone who has completed a university degree course, especially for a first degree 大学毕业生 vi. 5rAdjUeIt 1. to obtain a degree, especially a first degree, from a college or university 得学位 2. ones education with all grades completed at high school 毕业 graduate from/at a college毕业于（大学） graduate in a major毕业于（专业）归类记忆undergraduate(大学本科毕业生)graduate（大学毕业生）postgraduate（研究生）graduation 7rAdjU5eIFEn1. U the time when one completes a university degree course or ones education at an American high school 毕业 2. C a ceremony at which university degree or diploma is given to students who have completed their courses or school education in American high school or university 毕业典礼，授学位典礼 短文情景助记When I got to 16, some of my friends graduated from the school/left school to get jobs, but most stayed on. I wanted to do architecture, but it wasnt possible at my school, so I applied to the local technical college. There were over 50 applicants for only 20 places, so was really pleased when I got in. I really enjoyed the course.13. work on 1）从事，致力于（2）继续工作14. work at 从事，致力于15. work out 1)vt. calculate, solve sth.算出，解决 2)vi. develop successfully成功发展(注：新课标无此义，新增) 3）vi. train the body by physical exercise做运动workw:k vi. 1. do a job 工作，劳动 SYN: labour, job 2. if a machine or piece of equipment works, it does what it is supposed to do 运转 n. 1.U a job you are paid to do or an activity that you do regularly to earn money 工作劳动 SYN: job 2.Cpl. works something that you produce as a result of doing your job or doing an activity 成果，产品 ；著作at work 在工作 ANT: at homeout of work 失业 ANT: in workwork hard at sth. 努力学习 比较at work, in workat work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作 Both my parents are at work. They are not at home.高考试题We didnt plan our art exhibition like that but it _ very well.（NMET2001）A. worked out B. tried out C. went out D. carried on谚语Work wont kill but worry will.工作累不死，忧愁愁煞人。Work makes the workman.勤工出巧匠。Work bears witness who does well.工作能证明谁做得好。He that will not work shall not eat.不工作者不得食。Working without a plan is sailing without a compass.工作没有打算，犹如航海没有罗盘。Work while you work; play while you play; this is the way to be cheerful and gay.拼命地干，尽情地玩；如此这般，定能欢乐。Work has a bitter root but sweet fruit.劳动根虽苦，然而果实甜。Work is worth doing of worth doing well.一件事如果值得做好，就值得去做。Work is more that a necessary for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source of their identity and creativity.对大多数人来说，工作不仅仅是一种必需，它还是人们生活的焦点，是他们的个性和创造性的源泉。经典赞美句I admire / respect your work.（我对你的工作表示敬意。）【世界通用！】归类记忆 well-paid/be on a good salary (薪金丰厚的) get a company car(公司提供的车子) get six weeks paid holiday(六周带薪度假) do overtime(加班) get a regular pay rise(定期加薪) take two days off(请两天假) health insurance(医疗保险) benefits(从雇主那里得到的额外收入) the staff(全体职员) colleagues(同事) self employed/ be my own boss(自己当老板) boring(无聊的) challenging(挑战性的) stressful(压力大的) repetitive(重复的) satisfying(满意的) career(事业) strike(罢工crisis(危机) responsibility(职责，责任) resign(辞职) reject(拒绝，抛弃) fire/dismiss(解雇) out of work/ lose ones work (失业) workday 5w:kdeI n. C工作日worker 5w:kEn. C 工人 workable adj. 可使用的,可操作的 workforce n. 劳动力workmate n. C同事,工友. workplace n. C工作场所,车间worksw:ks n. 1）工程单复数同形2）工厂单复数同形3）著作单数用work，复数用works 辨析works/factory/plantworks多指钢铁等重工业方面的工厂。如：an iron-steel works 一座钢铁厂 two iron-steel works两座钢铁厂factory指一般的工厂plant多指电力方面的工厂。如：a rubbish plant垃圾场名言 Great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance. Samule Johnson成就的取得不是靠力量，而是靠毅力。塞缪尔约翰逊词汇扩充 jobC（具体）工作 taskC 任务assignmentC分派的任务，指定的工作 projectC 工程，计划laborU 劳动wokU工作（抽象）16. go by走过，经过；过去归类复习go away 走开，离去 go after sb./sth.追求，追赶 go against sb./sth.对不利；违反 go ahead (with sth.) 走在前面，领先；干吧，干下去 表允许go back (adv.) 回去 Go down to business.言归正传 go Dutch (with sb.) = share the cost with sb.平摊费用go fishing (shopping, skating) （去）钓鱼（买东西，滑冰）go for sth.主张，努力争取某物go for a walk 散步go in for 参加，喜欢go off走开go on 继续 go on with. 继续干某事go on doing.不停地干某事 go out 出去；熄灭go over 仔细检查，复习go through 浏览，翻阅；通过；经受；仔细检查go wrong go on to do sth.接着做另一件事搭配 go for a walk/ a drive/ a ride /a swimgo on a journey/ a trip/ an outing (to spl)go on holiday/on vocation/on strike/ on line go out for a meal/ a drinkgo to the park/the beach/ the zoo/ the hospital/ the pub/the cinema/the theatrego to school /college /university /prison / bed / churchgo to a restaurant / a nightclub/ a concert/ a party/ a yoga(瑜伽) classgo to /and see a band/ a film/a playgo shopping 去逛商店（为玩）/ clubbing/ fishing/ swimming/ windsurfing / skating/ bowling/ skiing/ hunting/ hiking/ hill-walking/ riding/ (folk)dancing / sightseeing / traveling/ backpacking (背着行装去他国旅行)do some/the shopping去采购（为购物）/reading/ writing/ gardening/ washing/ cooking比较go for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor去请医生（=send for a doctor） go to a doctor去看病(=go to see a doctor)比较 have gone to 已去某地（主语在去某地的途中）（表动作）have been to去过某地（主语已不在某地）（表状态）have been in 已在某地（主语正在某地）（表状态）想一想你还知道其他go 短语吗？请列举。试一试1.- Youve left the light on.- Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off. (NMET2000)A. Ill go B. Ive goneC. I go D. Im going2. I dont _ rock-n roll. Its too noisy for my taste.(2004北京)A. go after B. go away withC. go into D. go in for3. There are eight tips in Dr. Rogers lecture on sleep, and one of them is : _ to bed early unless you think it is necessary. (2004重庆)A. doesnt go B. not to goC. not going D. dont go4. I wonder if I could possibly use your car for tonight? (2006全国1) _. Im not using it anyhow.A. Sure, go ahead B.I dont knowC. Yes, indeed D.I dont care5. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to_. (NMET98)A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out6. -Could I ask you a rather personal question?- _. (NMET2004)A. Yes, dont worry B. Of course, go aheadC. Yes, help yourselfD. Of course, why not做后反思1、每年高考在考点之间有无变化和联系？2、还有哪些用法没有在高考中出现？3、有无认真做好近五年高考试题的必要？go 2 n. C尝试(做某事)：have a go（at something）17. researchrI5s:tFn. ( u ) an advanced study of a subject, so as to learn new facts or scientific laws 调查，研究 n. researcher 研究人员18. dream of =dream about 向往；渴望；梦想dream dri:mv.(dreamed, dreamed, dreamt, dreamt) 1. imagine during sleep 梦，做梦2. fancy 梦想，梦幻 n. 1. C a series of thoughts, images, and feeling that you experience when you are asleep 梦 C wish 愿望dream a good dream做个好梦歌词助记：Every night in my dreams I see you I feel you. That is how I know you go on.(from the song “My Heart Will Go On” sung by Celin Dion in the movie “Titanic”)名言All our dreams can come true if we have the courage to pursue them.我们所有的梦想都能成为现实只要我们有勇气去追求。 W. Disney 迪斯尼19. wheelchair5wi:ltFe n. C 轮椅20. disabledIs5eIbEld adj. make unable to do sth.: 残废的；残疾的归类记忆各种残疾（disabled）：deaf(聋) dumb(哑) blind(瞎) lame(瘸)21. *theory 5WIErI n.C, Ua formal set of ideas学说，理论 in theory在理论上22. seeksi:kv. look for , try to get, ask for 试图; 探寻 谚语 Nothing seek, nothing find. 没有追求就没有成就。名言 The gentleman seeks everything from himself; the mean man seeks everything from others. Confucius 君子求诸己，小人求诸人。孔子23. misunderstand 7mIsQndE5stAndIN (-stood, -stood) n. 1. (an example of )the act of putting a wrong meaning (on something); confusion误解；误会；错误的理解 2.often euph.(常用委婉)a disagreement less serious than a quarrel 分歧;失和24. turn out : to be discovered to be; prove to be 结果是，证明是归类记忆try out 试验 turn down 1)关小，调低；2)拒绝（某人）turn off 关掉（水、电、电视、收音机等） turn on 打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等） turn up 到达，来到；开大（声音）turn up 1）开大（音量等; 2）到达，出现turn（）into 变成， 变得；把变成 turn over 1）翻转; 2）翻身; 3）翻(书页)turn to 1）翻到; 2）转向; 3）求助于；4）开始工作5）转行做某事高考试题With no one to _in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. (2006陕西)A. turn on B. turn offC. turnoverD. turn toturn t:n v. 1. to go around; to make something go round 转; 使转动2. to change direction 转变方向3. to change to 变成 辨析 turn：强调性质突变。例：The milk turned sour. 牛奶变酸了。turn还常用于颜色的变化。例：The trees turn green. 树变绿了。grow强调变化过程。例：The trees is growing tall. 那棵树逐渐长高了。become, get, go 通常表示变化的过程已经完成。其中become 比较正式，get较口语化，强调变的结果。如get tired。go常指从好的方面向坏的方面变化，常接mad, bad, wrong等。例：Tom becomes ill.汤姆病了。He has got poor.他变穷了。The food must have gone bad. 食物一定变坏了。 n. C a chance or duty to do something in a particular order of time or place 依次序轮流得到的机会; 轮到的责任易错点 turn to sb./sth转向某人/某物；求助于某人/某物 turn to (doing)sth.转向/致力于做某事 turn to do sth.转身去做某事e.g. He turned to me and said , “ I shall turn to my teacher for help.”他转过头来对我说，“我将向老师求助。”He used to be a teacher, but now he has turned to being a lawyer.他过去是一个教师,但现在是已转行成为律师。She turned her head at that time and I found her face turned red.在那时她转过头，我发现她的脸变红了。He turned to look at me.他转身看了看我。The design staff turned to and produced a set of drawings in 24 hours.制图人员开始工作并在24小时内制成一套图样。想一想你还能列举其他turn短语吗？对比记忆The teacher turned to us and said, “Please turn to Page 3. Well turn to the reading of the text. If you have come across a new word over three times, you can turn to me or turn to the dictionary for help.”高考试题 1. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt quite _ as planned.(2004浙江)A. make out B. turn outC. go on D. come up2. Happy birthday, Alice! So you have_ twenty-one already!(2004天津)A. become B. turnedC. grown D. passed3.Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _, is there? (2005北京)A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn4. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _ will promote its economic development. (2006山东)A. in nature B. in returnC. in turn D. in factturning 5t:nIN n. U拐弯处，拐角处对比联想记忆簇 From the burning turning, they return in turn with turkey to see the boy born in the corner in Turkey. 从燃烧的拐角处，他们带着火鸡依次返回来看今早出生在角落里的男孩。25. scientific7sBIEn5tIfIkadj. 科学的26. observeEb5z:v v.观察，监视，观测27. match mAtF n. C 1.a game or sports event in which teams or people compete 比赛，竞赛have a match 举行进行一场比赛2.a person who is equal or better in strength, ability, etc., (to another) 对手，敌手 3. a thing or set of things that is like or suitable to another or each other 相象的东西；相配之物 4.火柴a short piece of wood with a head made of materials that can burst into flame when robbed on a specially prepared surfacevt. to be like or suitable for use with(another or each other) 相象；相配 vi. 1. to be or find an equal to 是的对手, 能与较量 2. to find something like or suitable for use with 找相象的东西；找相配的东西 well-/ ill-matched: suitable/ not suitable to with, or to compete with, each other 很相称不相称28. *predictprI5dIkt v. say sth will happen in the future预言，预测，预告prediction n. 29. use up用完use jU:s n.U, C the act of using or state of being used 用；使用；应用；利用make (good/ full/the best )use of （好好地，充分地，尽量地）利用；借用put sth. into use 使某物投入使用in use= being used在使用中out of use = not being used不再使用come into use=begin to be used开始使用fall/ go out of use= be no longer used被废弃v.jU:z(used, using) to employ for a purpose; put to use 用；使用；利用；应 用 use ones head 动脑筋；仔细考虑谚语 To be of use in the world is the only way to be happy.为善最乐。高考试题 1._ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for the residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.(2005上海)A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put2. It is no _ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. （2006全国3）A. useB. helpC. timeD. wayused jU:st adj.（BrE negative short forms usednt, usent） (否定缩略形式 usednt, usent ) (used in the past tense only, to show that something happened always or regularly)（仅用于过去式中，表示某事过去经常或有规律地发生） 双语解释：The usual question form of used to is “Did(nt) she use/used to”, but “Used/Usent she to” are also possible: used to 的常用疑问形式是“Did(nt)she use/used to”, 但也可用”Used/Usent she to”。 In the NEGATIVE, “She used not to/usent to” and “She didnt used/use to” are all possible, but “She never used to”, which expresses the same idea, is probably more common. 在否定句中，“She used not to/usent to” 和 “She didnt used/use to” 两者都可用，但意思相同的“She never used to”也许用得更为普遍。易混点 used to do sth 过去常常（暗示：今日不再如此。） be usedjU:st to (doing) sth习惯于 （状态）get/become used jU:stto (doing) sth 变得习惯于（动作）be used jU:zdto do sth 被用来做某事（动词usejU:z的被动语态）想一想你能用以上短语自造句子吗？比较used to, would表过去常常，used to强调今昔对比，可与延续动词和瞬间动词连用；would无对比，只可与瞬间动词连用。 I used to get up early, but now I dont. There used to be an old temple on the top of the mountain.一句辨异 Mr White used to live in China, so he is used to eating Chinese food.对比联想记忆簇 I used to use excuse that is used to give unreasonable reasons to explain my conduct, but now Im not used to doing so. 我过去常用借口，既用一些没有道理的理由来解释我的行为，但现在不习惯于这么做。useful5jU:sfJl adj. 1. effective in use 有用的；有效的；有益的 2. helpful 有帮助的 构词知识 n + ful adj: care careful, thank thankful, use useful, success successful, wonder wonderful, youth youthful useless jU:slIsadj. not of any use 无用的；无效的；无益的 uselessly adv. uselessness n. user5jU:zE n. C使用者30. unhappinessQn5hApInIs伤心unhappy Qn5hApI adj.不高兴的，伤心的31. crimekraImn. C（法律上的）罪，犯罪归类记忆 robbery 抢劫） murder （谋杀） car thief（偷车） terrorism（恐怖主义） drug pushing/dealing（毒品交易） shoplifting（偷商店） mugging（公共场所行凶抢劫） burglary（盗窃）forge(伪造) snatch(抢夺) speeding(超速行驶) pickpockets(扒窃)32. be satisfied with sb./ sth. =be pleased with sb/ sth.对满意satisfy 5sAtIsfBI v. make somebody happy, please 使满意，满足 adj. satisfied 满意的satisfaction 7sAtIs5fAkFEnn. U，C满意肯定否定动词satisfy使人满意dissatisfy使人不满意名词satisfaction满意dissatisfaction不满意形容词satisfied（被动意义）感到满意的，修饰人，指人的感受dissatisfied(被动意义)感到不满意的，修饰人，指人的感受satisfying=satisfactory(主动意义)令人满意的，修饰物或人，指物或人的性质unsatisfactory(主动意义)令人满意的，修饰物或人，指物或人的性质对比记忆The poor are often contented, but a miser is never satisfied.谚语穷人常知足，守财奴则永不满足。辨析satisfy表示人的要求、希望得到完全的满足；若只表示使人在一定程度上感到满足，则用content.试译 1) She is a satisfactory/satisfying customer. 2)She is a satisfied customer.译文1）她是一位令人满意的顾客。2）她是一位（对服务）感到满意的顾客。试问还有哪些情感动词具有类似用法？请列表分析。归类记忆 fy(vt.) -faction/-fication(n.): satisfy(使满意) satisfaction(满意) classify(分类) classification(分类) beautify(美化) beautification(美化) purify(净化) purification(净化) qualify(具有资格) qualification(资格) electrify(使触电) electrification(电气化) identify(识别) identification(鉴定) modify(修饰) modification(修改)高考试题A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left . (2006天津)A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied33. astronomerE5strCnEmE n. a scientist who studies astronomy 天文学家34. microscope5maIkrEskEJp n. C显微镜35. telescope5telIskEJpC n.望远镜36. take a look at sth.= have a look at sth.看一看37. what if?倘若，将会怎样？=what will happen if?归类记忆what about = how about 怎么样征求意见用what for? 为什么？ like what? 举例说明比如像Whats more =besides 另外38. heaven5hevEn n. 1. also Heaven singular the place where God is believed to live and where good people are believed to go when they die 天国 ANT: hell 2. Uinformal, a very good situation or place 极乐之地 3. the heavens:( literary) the sky 天空 SYN: sky AMT: earth in Heaven 在天国 in heaven 高兴之极 in the heavens 在天上 By Heaven.老天在上（赌咒时用语） heavenly adj. 天的，天空的 adv. 极，无比地 谚语Heaven/God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。名言Heaven never helps the man who will not act. Sophocles(Greek tragedian)天不助无所作为的人。沙孚克理斯（希腊悲剧作家）歌词助记：Almost heaven, West Virginia, Blue Ridge Mountains, Shenandoah River.(from the song “Take me Home, Country Road”乡村之路，带我回家sung by John Denver)39. the other way around= in the opposite position, direction, situation, or order相反，反过来