动词短语和常用习惯表达.doc

5动词短语和常用习惯表达动词短语是许多省高考的必考内容。有时一个动词可以跟多个小品词构成多个短语动词，有时一个短语动词又有多个意思。在平时的学习中，我们要有意识地去积累这方面的知识，这样才能使学习更高效。掌握好常用的动词短语和习惯表达对于我们做完形和阅读的帮助也很大。常用动词短语（一）5考点1. break相关短语break down（机器、车辆）停止运转；（健康、精神）崩溃；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解break away打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱 break out（战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发break in/into破门而入break up打碎、分裂；分手 Lets break up the whole into parts. 让我们化整为零。 You must break away from these old customs. 你们必须破除这些旧风俗。 The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗挣脱了主人，跑了。 After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. 长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。 Why did the peace talks break down？为什么和谈失败了？ This matter will break down in water. 这种物质在水中会分解。1. 【2012 陕西】He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _.A. broke in B. broke upC. broke out D. broke down2. 【2013福建】Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.A. turn down B. turn outC. break downD. break out3. 【2009江苏】 I m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have _.So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.A. broken up B. finished upC. divided upD. closed up 4. 【2006辽宁】The computer system_ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke downB. broke outC. broke upD. broke in5. 【2006广东】I was still sleeping when the fire_, and then it spread quickly. A. broke outB. put outC. came outD. got out考点2. call相关短语call at a place拜访某地call on/upon sb. 拜访或看望某人call for sth. (sb.)需要，要求；接（某人）、来取（某物）；喊着要人取来call off叫走，转移开；取消，不举行call on/upon sb. to do sth.号召某人做某事call up(给)打电话；想起，回忆起call in收回，召回call out大声喊 Call your dog off. 把你的狗叫走。 The match was called off because of bad weather. 由于天气不好，比赛取消了。 This problem calls for careful thought. 这个问题需要好好想一想。 Illcallforyouatseventhisevening.今晚七点我来接你。 Wecallforthepackageatthepostoffice.我们到邮局去取包裹。 The toy company has decided to call in the defective products all over the world.该玩具公司已决定在全世界范围内召回那些有缺陷的产品。 Theyboycalledoutforhelp. 那个男孩大声呼救。6. 【2009福建】The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to_ all nations to take immediate action.A. fight for B. apply forC. call onD. wait on7. 【2007山东】Its the sort of work that _ a high level of concentration. A. calls for B. makes upC. lies inD. stands for 8. 【2006湖北】As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _scenes of my childhood. A. called upB. called forC. called onD. called in考点3. come相关短语come about发生（不及物）；（bring about，使发生，及物）come across 偶然遇到（ meet with和run into也有这个意思）come along进展；一起来come up with想出（主意或计划等）come out（书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；（花）开放come to oneself苏醒过来（oneself可以省略）come to realize开始意识到come up（在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论 Things are coming along fine.事情进展顺利。 When does their new album come out? 他们的新(答疑qq 329950885)唱片什么时候发行？ The subject came up at the meeting yesterday.这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。9. 【2011安徽】If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.A. come acrossB. care aboutC. look forD. focus upon10. 【2011天津】She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.A. turned down B. dealt with C. took after D. came across11. 【2013新课标】Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through12. 【2007江苏】Have you _ some new ideas?Yeah. Ill tell you later.A. come aboutB. come intoC. come up with D. come out with13. 【2006湖北】Its already 10 oclock I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came overB. came outC. came aboutD. came up14. 【2005重庆】His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has _ many good changes in their lives.A. got through B. resulted fromC. turned intoD. brought about考点4. cut相关短语cut down/back减少cut in插话；（车从前面突然）插入cut off切断、终止（供应、电话等）；使与外界隔断cut up切成碎片 The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. 政府已宣布计划明年减少防务开支10%。 Im trying to cut down on caffeine. 我在尽力减少咖啡因的服用量。 I was just talking to Jane, when Dave cut in (on us / our conversation). 我正和Jane谈话，这时Dave突然插话进来。 Did you see that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)? 你看到那辆白色的车突然插入（到我们前面）了吗？ If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. 如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。 Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. 许多村庄因为网搜语法通霸大雪与外面隔断。 He cut the wood up to build a fire.他把木头破碎来生火。15. 【2013陕西】My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _.A. cut outB. cut down C. cut up D. cut off16. 【2005湖南】I was just talking to Margot when Jackson _.A. cut inB. cut downC. cut outD. cut up考点5. get相关短语get along/on（人）相处融洽；（工作）进