管理信息系统MIS.doc

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Chapter 1THE INFORMATION AGE IN WHICH YOU LIVEInformation age a time when knowledge is powerKnowledge worker works with and produces information as a product.Management information systems (MIS) deals with the planning for, development, management, and use of information technology tools to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and management.Presentation Overview1、 Todays Economic Environment2、 Information as a Key Resource3、 People as a Key Resource4、 Information Technology as a Key Resource5、 Roles and Goals of Information Technology1、 Todays Economic EnvironmentThe Global Economyn Global economy one in which customers, businesses, suppliers, distributors, and manufacturers all operate without regard to physical and geographical boundaries. n Transnational firms produce and sell products and services in countries all over the world.The E.conomy （e化经济）n Electronic commerce is commerce, but it is commerce accelerated and enhanced by information technology. n Telecommuting （远程通信） the use of communications technologies to work in a place other than a central location. n Virtual Workplace a technology-enabled workplace. No boundaries. The “Now” Economyn Characterized by the immediate access customers have to the ordering of products and services.The Arriving Digital Economyn Digital age marked by the electronic movement of all types of information including physiological information such as:Voice recognition 、Speech synthesization 、BiometricsSummary：To be successful in todays economic environment, you must:t Know your competition.t Know your customers.t Work closely with your business partners.t Know your organization inside and outside.2、 Information as a Key ResourceData raw facts that describe a particular phenomenon（现象）.Information data that have a particular meaning within a specific context（背景）.Knowledge comes from information. The three personal dimensions of information include:Time Location Formn Time dimensionu When you need it. u Specific time period. （相关性）n Location dimension u No matter where you are.n Form dimension u The most appropriate form.u Free of errors. n Strategic management provides overall direction and guidance.n Tactical management develops the goals and strategies.n Operational management manages and directs the day-to-day operations. n Nonmanagement employees perform daily activities.The four flows of information include: u Upward describes the current state of the organization based on its daily transactions.u Downward consists of the strategies, goals, and directives that originate at one level and are passed to lower levels.u Horizontal between functional business units and work teams.u Outward information that is communicated to customers, suppliers, distributors, and other partners for the purpose of doing business.What the information describes can include: Internal information specific operational aspects of the organization. External information the environment surrounding the organization.Subjective information something that is unknown.Objective information something that is known.3、 People as a Key ResourceTechnology-literate knowledge worker a person who knows how and when to apply technology. 4、 Information Technology as a Key ResourceInformation technology any computer-based tool that people use to work with information and support the information and information-processing needs of an organization. 5、 Roles and Goals of Information TechnologyDecentralized computing environment in whic