2016-2017学年高考英语阅读理解解析汇编（64）.doc

2017高考英语阅读理解解析版汇编（64）【由山东省2014高考仿真模拟冲刺卷（5）改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。 I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box car in a freight yard in Atlantic City and landing on my headNow I am thirty twoI can slightly remember the brightness of sunshine and what color red isIt would be wonderful to see again, but a calamity（灾难） can do strange things to peopleIt occurred to me the other day that I might not have come to love life as I do if I hadnt been blindI believe in life nowI am not so sure that I would have believed in it so deeply, otherwiseI dont mean that I would prefer to go without my eyesI simply mean that the loss of them made me appreciate the more what I had leftThe hardest lesson I had to learn was to believe in myselfThat was basicIf I hadnt been able to do that, I would have collapsed and become a chair rocker on the front porch for the rest of my lifeWhen I say belief in myself I am not talking about simply the kind of self confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase aloneThat is part of itBut I mean something bigger than that: an assurance that I am, despite imperfections, a real, positive person; that somewhere in the sweeping, intricate（错综复杂的） pattern of people there is a special place where I can make myself fitIt took me years to discover and strengthen this assuranceIt had to start with the simplest thingsOnce a man gave me an indoor baseballI thought he was making fun of me and I was hurtI cant use this I saidTake it with you, he urged me, and roll it around The words stuck in my headRoll it around! By rolling the ball I could hear where it wentThis gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had thought impossible: playing baseballAt Philadelphias Overbrook School for the Blind I invented a successful variation of baseballWe called it ground ball All my life I have set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a timeI had to learn my limitationsIt was no good trying for something that I knew at the start was wildly out of reach because that only invited the bitterness of failureI would fail sometimes anyway but on the average I made progress 1We can learn from the beginning of the passage that _Athe author lost his sight because of a car crash Bthe author wouldnt love life if the disaster didnt happenCthe disaster made the author appreciate what he hadDthe disaster strengthened the authors desire to see2Whats the most difficult thing for the author?A How to adjust himself to reality BBuilding up assurance that he can find his place in lifeCLearning to manage his life alone DHow to invent a successful variation of baseball3According to the context, “a chair rocker on the front porch” in paragraph 3 means that the author _ Awould sit in a rocking chair and enjoy his lifeBwould be unable to move and stay in a rocking chairCwould lose his will to struggle against difficultiesDwould sit in a chair and stay at home4According to the passage, the baseball and encouragement offered by the man _Ahurt the authors feeling Bgave the author a deep impressionCdirectly led to the invention of ground ball Dinspired the author5What is the best title for the passage?AA Miserable Life BStruggle Against DifficultiesCA Disaster Makes a Strong Person DAn Unforgettable Experience【参考答案】1-5、CBCDC 较难题目特训：介绍说明类 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide. Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses, ” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan. MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2, 000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program. The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform. MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120, 000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open- source edX platform. “Fasten your seatbelts, ” Hockfield said. Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie- Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online. The Harvard- MIT program will be monitored by a not- for- profit (非盈利的) organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful. 1. According to this text, edX is.A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWareB. a free computer program by MIT and HarvardC. a Harvard- MIT platform of free online coursesD. a free program online for universities worldwide2. What is said about online education in the text? A. Universities have been trying online courses. B. About 2, 000 online courses have been offered. C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online. D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX. 3. The underlined part in the text probably means “”.A. Get ready for the difficultiesB. Get ready for this educational changeC. Get prepared to complete the online coursesD. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses4. What can be said about MITx according to the text? A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program. B. It is another free MIT- Harvard online learning program. C. It is a standard to recognize online learnersachievement. D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT. 【参考答案】14、CABC阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2014课标)Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States，making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller，a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly，the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were most abundant，people believed there was an everlasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain，waited until pigeons had settled to feed，then threw large nets over them，taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century，the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans need for wood，which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north，where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone，never to be seen again.In 1897，the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons，but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County，Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under human care.The last of them，known affectionately as Martha，died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914.【语篇导读】本文叙述了旅鸽逐渐消失的过程。1In the 18th and early 19th centuries，passenger pigeons _.Awere the biggest bird in the world Blived mainly in the south of AmericaCdid great harm to the natural environmentDwere the largest bird population in the US解析事实细节题。根据文章第一段所述在18和19世纪，美国大群的旅鸽飞起来可以遮住天空几个小时，所以美国旅鸽的数量是最大的，故选D。答案D2The underlined word“undoing”probably refers to the pigeons _.Aescape BruinCliberation Devolution解析词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Where the birds were abundant.by the thousands”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀，所以ruin和undoing词义相似，故选B。答案B3What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?ATo seek pleasure. BTo save other birds.CTo make money. DTo protect crops.解析事实细节题。根据文章第二段中“Commercial hunters attracted them.sold in restaurants”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀的主要原因是捕杀者要赚钱。故选C。答案C4What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?AIt was ignored by the public.BIt was declared too late.CIt was unfair.DIt was strict.解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“In 1897，the state of.for 10 years”可知通过法律后的10年，鸽群数量仍然不多，所以制定法律为时已晚，故选B。答案B阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 体裁：议论文话题：历史故事时间：6分钟The movies just wouldnt be the same without the warm buttery taste of popcorn.Amazingly，this delicious treat started its life as a corn kernel(玉米粒)and not from just any corn.Popcorn is a type of sweet corn that was originally grown in Mexico and spread to China，India and elsewhere.It is the only kind of corn that will pop.Today，most of the worlds popcorn is grown in the United States.Every popcorn kernel contains a tiny drop of water，surrounded by soft starch(淀粉)When the popcorn is heated，the water turns into steam.This puts pressure on the surrounding hard kernel，forcing it to explode.The soft starch increases about 40 times in size as the corn kernel turns itself inside out.In the 1500s popcorn was an important food source for the Aztec Indians of central and southern Mexico.But it wasnt only food.It was also used in ceremonies or in headdresses and necklaces.By the time the Europeans arrived in America，popcorn had spread through most of the American Indians.Some early American settlers ate popcorn with cream and sugar for breakfast.But it wasnt until the late 1800s that popcorn became popular.The demand for popcorn increased and farmers began farming popcorn.The first mobile popping machine was invented in 1885，and popcorn was sold by street sellers much like hot dogs are sold today.During the Great Depression of the 1930s，the popcorn business still thrived as people could still afford it.Then in the 1950s television arrived and popcorn consumption decreased.People stayed home and stopped going to the theatre.But the link between movies and popcorn had already existed.Soon people began making popcorn at home on the stove.Later，microwave popcorn was introduced.Today the movies have regained popularity and popcorn has once again become the favorite.【语篇导读】没有温热香甜的爆米花，电影似乎也会失去味道吧。那么，关于爆米花你又了解多少呢？1Popcorn was first planted in _.AChina BAmericaCIndia DMexico解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案。答案D2Why does the corn kernel pop when heated?ABecause it is covered with soft starch.BBecause the pressure inside is too big.CBecause the starch becomes bigger in size.DBecause there is water inside the kernel.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三两句可知，玉米粒内的水并不能直接导致它炸开，而是水蒸气产生的压力作用于四周坚硬的内核上，造成它爆炸。故答案选B。答案B3We can know from the passage that _.Apopcorn began to be farmed in the late 1800sBpopcorn was only a kind of food in the 1500s Chot dogs used to be sold by street sellersDpeople stopped going to the movies without popcorn解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三两句可知，是在19世纪末期，随着人们对爆米花需求的增长，农民们才开始种植这种玉米。答案A4The underlined word“thrived” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_ ”Astarted to be popularBwas seriously affectedCsuffered a lot Ddeveloped very well解析词义猜测题。根据上文的still以及下文的as people could still afford it可推断出，这里指即使是在经济大萧条时期，因为爆米花仍然是人们买得起的食品，所以爆米花产业仍然发展得很好。答案D阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：逸闻趣事时间：7分钟There was once a tiny country that was suffering from a long drought.It had gone so long without rain that the people there were starting to go hungry because of the bad harvests.It just so happened that a group of musicians were traveling the country，trying to make a living from their concerts.But with so many problems in the land，no one felt like listening to music.“But music can help overcome any problems，” said the musicians，without anyone paying them the slightest attention.So the musicians tried to find out the reason it wouldnt rain.It was very strange，because the sky was overcast，but no one could provide an answer.“Its been cloudy like this for many months，but not a single drop of rain has fallen，” people told them.“Dont worry，well bring rain to the country，” the musicians responded，and they began rehearsing for a concert at the summit of the highest mountain.Everyone who heard the music was seized by curiosity and went up the mountain.And the conductor of this strange orchestra gave the order，and the musicians began to play.From their instruments came small，playful musical notes that rose and rose into the clouds.The music was so joyous，happy and fun，and the notes started playing with the clouds soft，fluffy bellies，running here and there，up and down，and the whole sky turned into one big game of tickle torture.Before long，the giant clouds were thundering with laughter.The musicians continued playing joyfully and a few minutes later the clouds，crying with laughter，soaked the little country below with their precious tears，bringing happiness to all.And in memory of that musical rain，everyone in the country learned how to play an instrument and，taking turns，would go up the mountain every day to bring joy to the clouds with their beautiful songs.【语篇导读】一个干旱已久的小国，却因为音乐家们的到来，改变了他们的命运音乐家通过在山顶上演奏音乐，从而为当地降下了甘霖。为了纪念那场音乐雨，人们开始学习音乐，并轮流到山上为云彩演奏音乐。1Why did the country have the bad harvests?ABecause its too hot. BBecause its too cold.CBecause its too wet. DBecause its too droughty.解析细节理解题。根据第一段可知那个国家歉收的原因是因为长期干旱少雨，故选D项。答案D2Whats the attitude of the people toward the musicians?AActive. BEnergetic.CCold. DEnthusiastic.解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But with so many problems in the land，no one felt like listening to music.”和“without anyone paying them the slightest attention.”可以推出人们对音乐家们的态度是冷淡的。故选C。 答案C3Whats the meaning of the underlined word in the third paragraph?ACloudy BRainy CSunny DWindy 解析词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Its been cloudy like this.”可以推出overcast的意思与cloudy意思一样。故选A项。答案A4Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?AGreat musicians BMusic for the cloudsCLaughing clouds DMusic rehearsing解析标题概括题。本文主要讲述了音乐家通过在山顶上为云彩演奏音乐，从而使云彩流动起来，最终降下了期盼已久的雨，为当地人们带来了快乐。由此可以推出文章的标题应选B项。答案B5From the last paragraph we can learn that the people in the small country _.Ahate music Blove musicCteach music Dpractice music解析推理判断题。最后一段中讲到为了纪念那场音乐雨，人们开始学习乐器，并轮流到山上为云彩演奏音乐。由此可以推出人们喜欢音乐。答案B阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：人物介绍时间：7分钟The son of a piano producer，Elwyn Brooks White was born in Mount Vernon in a wealthy family.And he was raised with the mix of sophistication(高水平) and common sense that would mark his writing.After graduation，Elwyn Brooks White spent a year as a newspaper reporter in New York City，and then decided to drive across the country with a friend.The trip gave Elwyn Brooks White a lifetime of anecdotes.“When they ran out of money，” Elwyn Brooks Whites friend，James Thurber，noted,“they played for their supper and their gasoline on an interesting musical instrument that Elwyn Brooks White had made out of some pieces of wire and an old shoe.”When Elwyn Brooks White returned to New York City in the mid1920s，he spent a few years bouncing between advertising jobs and unemployment before trying his hand again at writing.Not very seriously，he sent some essays to a new magazine called The New Yorker.Since its founding in 1925，the magazine had struggled to find its_niche，and Elwyn Brooks Whites work helped put The New Yorker on the map.His essays were funny and sophisticated；they spoke equally to socialites(社会名流) and cab drivers，professors and repairmen.Through his essays，which he wrote for nearly 50 years，Elwyn Brooks White helped give The New Yorker its voice and identity.In 1945，already a leading literary figure，Elwyn Brooks White switched to his second occupation on writing childrens boo