高考英语易混词辨析.doc

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羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂肈薅蒄羈羄薄薇螁节薃虿羆芈薂袁蝿膄薁薁肄肀薁蚃袇荿薀螅肃芅蕿袈袅膁蚈薇肁肇芄蚀袄羃芄螂聿莂芃薂袂芈节蚄膈膄芁螆羀肀芀衿螃莈艿薈罿芄莈蚁螁膀莈螃羇肆莇蒃螀肂莆蚅肅莁莅螇袈芇莄衿肄膃莃蕿袆聿莃蚁肂羅蒂螄袅芃蒁蒃肀腿蒀薆袃膅葿螈膈肁蒈袀羁莀蒇薀螄芆蒇蚂羀膂蒆螅螂 1 blow up与blow outblow up一词的含义颇多，可归纳为：1. The soldiers blew up the bridge with dynamite. 2. When we arrived a little late, our boss blew us up. 3. Be sure to blow up the type before you drive off.而blow out则表示She blew out the candle on her birthday cake.2.break into与break inA house was broken into between midnight and 5am.The audience broke into cheers as the band came on stage.Dont break in when he is telling the story. 3.burn out与burn up这两个词组都是动副型动词，在表示时，可通用。The big fire burned out (up) two tall buildings.Any electric light bulb will eventually burn out. Hundreds of families have been burnt out of their homes.4.chance, opportunitychance表示“机会；可能性（强调偶然性）”，如：If we can swim, the chances are that we can save our lives.如果我们会游泳的话，我们就有可能得救。Harold has lost a lot of money so he wants to take a chance on stock exchange.海洛得丢了很多钱，因此他想在股票上碰一碰运气。而opportunity表示机遇（强调好时机），既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词。如：This has been my only opportunity to practise speaking English.这一直是我练习英语口语的唯一机会。I am very glad to have had the opportunity to talk to you.我很高兴能有机会与你交谈。5.、care about, care forcare about主要用来表示“对.感兴趣；关心；在乎”的意思。如：I dont much care about going.我并不很想去。I dont care about what people think.我不在乎人们怎么认为。care for则主要用来表示“喜欢，对.中意”和“照顾”等意思。如：She doesnt seem to care for him.她好像不喜欢他。Small children are well cared for in nurseries when their parents are working.当父母在工作时，孩子们在托儿所里受到良好的照顾。6、carry on, carry outcarry on意为“进行，继续”，强调一个行为的进行过程。它可以不跟宾语，也可接表示“工作，讨论，竞赛，战斗”等一类的名词作宾语，相当于continue。它另可作“经营”解，相当于manage。如：Dont let me interrupt you, just carry on.别让我打断你，请继续。Ill try to carry on the work in spite of difficulties.尽管有困难，但我还是会继续这项工作。Rising costs make it hard to carry on the business.成本上升给生意经营带来了困难。carry out意为“进行，贯彻，实现”，含有按照某个要求或准则进行的意思。它必须接宾语，且宾语往往是表示“工作，活动，职责，命令，计划”等一类的名词。此词语相当于put into practice。如：I have some difficulties in carrying out her order.我感到执行她的命令有些困难。The government was trying to carry out the policy of family planning.当时，政府正尽力贯彻“计划生育”政策。7、catch up with, keep up withcatch up with为“赶上（某人或某事）”，有追上并可能超过的含义。如：Well do out best to catch up with the advanced industrial countries.我们将尽力赶超先进的工业国家。keep up with作“不落后于（某人或某对手）”解，有与之并驾齐驱的含义。如：The girls had to run to keep up with the boys.这些女孩子不得不加快脚步以赶上男孩子们。8、cause, reasoncause指造成一种事实或现象的“原因”，尤指自然原因或客观原因。如：Whats the cause of his success?他成功的原因是什么？reason指说明一种看法或行为的“理由”，它往往是通过逻辑推理得出的。如：Give me your reasons for refusing.给我你拒绝的理由。This is the reason why he killed the woman.这就是他杀掉那个女人的原因。9、clothes, clothing, cloth这三个词都与人们穿的“衣”有关，但含义却不同。clothes永远以复数的形式出现，指人们穿的各种衣服包括裤子，内衣，衬衫等；其前不能用数词修饰。如：These clothes are new.这些衣服是新的。Do I have to change my clothes for the meeting?我去参加会议要换衣服吗？clothing是集体名词，为衣物的总称，是一种区别于其他事物的概念。除了衣裤之外，它还包括帽，袜，手套，被褥之类的东西，如：The shop sells articles of mens clothing.这个商店卖男式服装。In winter, children need warm clothing.冬天，孩子们需要暖和的衣服。cloth一般用作不可数名词，指“棉布，毛织品”；它亦可作可数名词，指“某一特定用途的一块布”，复数形式是cloths。如：He will take three yards of cloth to make a suit.他做一套衣服要三码布。She cleaned the window with an old cloth.她用一块旧布擦窗户。10、chief, main这两者都表示“主要的”。chief表示所指的对象在重要性、地位、等级方面高于其他同类事物，暗示其他事物处于从属或次要地位。main多用来形容事物的某一组成部分，表示该部分在重要性、力量、大小等方面超过其 他部分，起着主体的作用。The chief reason for going to school is to learn. 去学校主要是去学习的。The president is chief of the armed force.总统是武装部队的首脑。Our main meal is in the evening.我们的主餐是在晚上。Note down the main points of the speech.请记下讲演的要点。11、choose, selectchoose为“挑选，选择”，使用范围较广，指从众多的对象中挑选，这种挑选取决于个人的意志与判断，不强调客观标准。它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的，可以是有形的或无形的。choose带有最终选定的含义，即表示选定后不再变化。如：In the new department store there is a lot to choose from.在新的百货商店有很多可供选择的商品。He chose Miss Li for his wife.他选李小姐为妻。You have to choose between life and dead.你必须在生与死之间作出选择。select为“挑选，精选”，语气比choose重，多用于正式场合。它指仔细地，审慎地精选，强调客观性，而不是主观性。它所挑选的对象可以是有形的或是无形的，但一定是同一种类的。如：The best machines were selected and sent to the exhibition.最好的机器被选去参展了。He selected a birthday present for his dear daughter.他为他亲爱的女儿挑选了一个生日礼物。12、come to ones help, come for ones helpcome to ones help表示“来帮某人的忙”，与come to help someone意义相同。如：When they heard my cry, they immediately came to my help.他们一听到我的叫声就赶忙来帮忙了。When one man is in difficulties, ten thousand come to his help.一人有难，万人帮忙。come for ones help表示“来求某人帮助”，与come to ask someone for help意义相同。如：When he is short of money, he often comes for my help.他缺钱花的时候，他常来找我帮忙。She couldnt solve the problem, so she came for our help.她不能解决这个问题，因而来找我们帮忙。13、continual, continuous这两个形容词均可表示“连续不断”的意思，但它们在含义上有区别。continual指某一动作不时重复，重复之间有短暂停顿的含义；还有使人不愉快的含义。如：We are not happy with those continual interruptions.我们对那些不断的打扰很生气。My work has been delayed by his continual visit.我的工作被他频繁的拜访给耽搁了。continuous指某一动作在一段时间内没有中断的含义，表示“持续不断”的意思。如：We felt tired after two days continuous flight.经过两天不停的飞行，我们感到很累了。There was continuous fighting on the frontier all day yesterday.昨天一整夜，边界上的战斗没有停过。14、compare.to, compare.withcompare.to为“把.比喻为，把.比成“，指不同类事物的比较，表示抽象的比喻。compare.with为“把.与.比较”，指两个同类的事物相比较，表示人和人，事物与事物之间异同的程度。Life is compared to a voyage.生命常被比作一次航行。People compared him to a little white cat.人们把她比作一只小白猫。Compared with many women, she was indeed very lucky.与许多其他女人相比，她的确很幸运。Compare your translation with his, youll find how many mistakes youve made.与他的翻译相比，你会发现你的有很多错误。15、colored, colorful虽然这两个形容词的词根均是color,但它们的含义不同。colored表示“有某种颜色的（having the color specified）的意义，常用以构成复合词。如：She is wearing a cream-colored dress today.她今天穿着奶油色的衣服。Colored people were looked down upon at that time in America.那时在美国有色人种被人瞧不起。colorful表示“富有色彩的（full of colors），色彩鲜艳的”等意思。如：The girls looked very attractive in their colorful dresses.女孩子们穿着色彩鲜艳的衣服显得非常漂亮。Colorful wall paper would brighten up your room.色彩艳丽的墙纸会使你房间焕然一新。16、damage, harm, hurt, injure, spoil乍看这几个词，觉得意思都差不多。它们都有“损害，伤害，破坏”的意思。其实，它们之间还是有不同的。damage: “毁坏，损坏”，主要指造成价值，效用，完整性方面的损坏。例如： Mr. Smith, I wonder if we could arrange a talk about the damaged cargo sometime.史密斯先生，我们能不能安排个时间商谈破损货物的问题。The water they had thrown over everything to put out the fire damaged the books.为了灭火，他们把水往一切东西上泼，把书也损坏了。harm: “损害，伤害”，词义具体，强调带来损失，病痛或痛苦。Though he knows clearly that smoking harms his health, he simply cannot give it up.虽然他很清楚吸烟对身体有害，但他就是戒不了。hurt: “疼痛，伤害”，尤其指感情或身体遭受创伤。Nothing hurts more than a bad tooth, so he had to go to the dentist to have it pulled out.没有比牙齿坏了更疼痛的了，所以他不得不找牙医拔掉那颗坏牙。My little boy fell off a ladder and hurt himself.我的儿子从楼梯上摔了下来，把自己摔伤了。injure: “伤害，损害”，一般常指不公正地对待或冤屈某人，即有意识地侵害别人的权利或毁坏别人的健康、成就等，也可以指外表、健康、安逸等遭受破坏。The gas polluted the surroundings and injured the health of workers and residents of the area.这种气体污染环境，损害工人和该地区居民的健康。spoil: 有强烈的“毁坏，毁灭”之意。指不仅造成价值，精力，兴致的“损伤”，还意味着可能造成某种毁灭或彻底破坏，也有“宠坏”的意思。John joined the party and spoiled the pleasure of everyone by his impolite behavior.约翰参加了这个晚会，他的不礼貌行为破坏了大家的兴致。Quarreling completely spoiled the dinner, which broke up in discord.争吵完全破坏了了宴会的气氛，结果宴会不欢而散。I do hate to spoil your fun, but Ive got something urgent to tell you.我真不愿扫了你的兴，但我有紧急的事必须告诉你。16、deadly, deathlydeadly和deathly都可作形容词，表示“死一般地”，指死的表象。如：The deadly/deathly silence filled the meeting-room.会议室里一片沉默，没有一点声音。两者都可以充当形容词及副词，表示“非常，极度”，强调极端性。如：I have deadly/deathly fear of snakes.我非常害怕蛇。The man is deadly/deathly ill. 这人病得很重。deadly另可表示：“致命的，势不两立的”，指导致死亡与毁灭的事物，表示死亡的可能性。 如deadly poison（致命的毒药），deadly illness(致命的疾病)，deadly weapon(致命的武器)。 又如：Fog is one of the sailors deadliest enemies.雾是海员一个最大的敌人。The sad news was a deadly blow to the poor old lady.这条消息对这个可怜的老太太是致命一击。17、deal in, deal withdeal in主要“做买卖，经营（to buy and sell, trade in）的意思，后接事物名词，表示经营，买卖的内容。如：This shop deals in textile good.这家商店经营纺织品。This import and export corporation deals in general merchandise, paper, building material, electrical appliances, light, etc.这家进出口公司经营日用百货，纸张，建筑材料，电器用品和灯具等。deal with的主要意思有：1）“与做生意（do business, esp. trade with.）, 后接集体名词或人物名词，表示做生意的对方；2）“对付，处理”；3）关于，论及（be about, be concerned with）等。如：Ive dealt with this store for 20 years.我与这家商店做了20年的生意。Children are tiring to deal with.带小孩最令人讨厌。Deal with a man as he deals with you.以其人之道还治其人之身。This article deals with an important subject.这篇文章谈论到一个重要的问题。18、demand, request, requiredemand为“要求，查问”，语气较重，是强硬、断然的口气。它可接名词，不定式及用虚拟语气表示的宾语从句，当以被要求的人作宾语时，要加介词of。如：She demanded that we give him an immediate answer.她要求我立即给他回复。All of us demand of him whether he had heard from her recently.我们大家都问他最近是否收到她的来信。Request为“请求，恳求”，语气较和缓，指非常礼貌地正式请求。它可接名词及不定式的复合结构，也可以后接用宾语从句，但宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。当以被要求的人作宾语时，要加介词of。如：Well do all that is request of us.我们会把要求做的全部都做完。与demand和require的用法不同，require另可接动名词作宾语，其主动形式表示被动意义。它也可接不定式作宾语，但仍要用被动形式来表示被动意义。如：The car requires repairing/to be repaired.这辆车需要修理。19、display, exhibit, expose这些词都指以展示的方式吸引注意，亦有“表现”之意。display：“展示，陈列”，指将物品最充分、有效地展示在人的视线或便于看清楚的位置。此外，此词还有体现、表现之意。If a child displays negative behavior by hitting someone, adults must try to persuade him to use reasoning to solve future conflicts.假如孩子有打人的不良习惯，成年人必须规劝他用讲道理的方式来解决今后发生的争执。She is so fascinated by the beautiful dress displayed in the shop window that she cannot help looking at it admirably whenever she passes there.她对橱窗里展示的那套漂亮衣服非常痴迷，每次经过，她都忍不住羡慕地看看它。exhibit:“展出，表现出”，往往指出于某个特殊目的而公开地推出某些事物。Although the supervisor said he neednt be responsible for the result, John still exhibited signs of stress.尽管督查员说约翰不必为此事负责，他还是显现出承受压力的迹象。expose:“显示出，展出，显露”，指让某物从藏匿、隐蔽状态中显示出来；也有使某些不妥当或被隐匿之事显露于众，即“揭露，暴露”之意。Its too bad that children are exposed to films and reports about crime and violence.让孩子耳濡目染电影与新闻报道中的暴力与犯罪行为是很糟糕的。It was my duty to leave no stone unturned to discover and expose the awful truth.我的责任就是想方设法发现这可怕的真相并公之于众。20、deep, deeplydeep用作副词时，易和deeply混淆。这两个副词在修饰具体动作时，一般可以换用。如：We shall probe deep (or: deeply) into the matter.我们要深入地探索这件事。deep通常用来形容静止状态，多用来修饰作状语的介词短语，带有far into之意。如：They danced deep into the night.他们跳舞跳到深夜。He stood there thinking, his hands deep in his pockets.他站在那儿思索，两手深深地插在口袋里。deeply常常用来修饰形容词或过去分词，作程度状语。如：We were all deeply disturbed when we heard the news.我们听到那消息都感到极为不安。Im deeply grateful for the advice you gave me.我非常感激你给我的劝告。21、excuse, forgive, pardon这三个词都表示“原谅，宽恕”。excuse:“原谅”，指有意放过人们在社会，习俗方面的具体行为。如错误，疏忽或失职，不予以指责和惩罚。常用词组：excuse for原谅；excuse from/to do免除。如：Please excuse me for using your telephone without asking permission. I thought you