综合教程1-课后答案.doc

Unit 3Active reading oneDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.1 to move your body so it is closer to or further from someone orsomething (lean)2 a total amount made by adding several numbers or amounts together (sum)3 the ability to think about and plan for the future, using intelligenceand imagination (vision)4 used for emphasizing that something refers to one specific situation (particularly)5 a feeling that you do not trust someone or something (suspicion)6 to press or move your hands or an object over a surface (rub)5 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions in the box.1 If you are doing an advanced course in something, is it at (a) a highlevel, or (b) a low level?2 If you peer at something, is it (a) difficult, or (b) easy tosee?3 If you get a glimpse of something, do you see it (a) clearly andfor a long time, or (b) not very clearly and for a short time?4 Is a radical idea (a) traditional and widely accepted, or (b) new anddifferent?(This word indicates some fundamental changes in ideas or actions.)5 If you are in agony about something, do you feel (a) in painand uncomfortable, or (b) happy andcomfortable?6 If you do something in the presence of someone, are they (a) with you, or (b)somewhere else?7 If someone affirmed something, did they (a) show theyrespect and approve of it, or (b) not respect or disapprove of it?8 If you do something on purpose, do you (a) mean to doit, or (b) do itby accident?6 Complete the sentences with the correctform of the words and expressions in the boxes in Activities 4 and 5.1 Many people greet radical ideas with suspicion because they areafraid of change.2 Looking at the drawings of Leonardo da Vinci, you feel as if you are inthe presence of a genius whohad an extraordinary vision of the future.3 You need to peer closely at the figures on the board, particularly as thehandwriting is so bad.4 It doesnt take an advanced level ofintelligence to realize that you need at least two numbers to be ableto workout the sum.5 If you lean forwards, you may see the star as he comes out of the theatre, but youllprobably only catcha glimpse of him.6 I rubbed some medicine onto the wound hoping to stop the pain, but Im still in agony.7 Toms excellent exam results affirmed the teachersfaith in his ability.8 The police think the fire was started on purpose.7 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions.1 If you thwart something, do you (a) stop it, or (b)encourage it?2 If there is a dearth of something, is there (a) a lot of it, or (b) not enough?3 Does unmitigated encouragement suggest (a) completely positive,or (b) slightly negative support?4 If a teacher is maligned by their pupils, do you think they say(a) nice things, or (b) bad things about theteacher?5 If you humiliate someone, do you make them feel (a) good, or (b) upset andembarrassed?6 If someone speaks at length, do they speak (a) for a longtime, or (b) for a short time?7 If something is prevalent, does it occur (a) often, or (b) notvery often?Active reading 2Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.1 to connect or combine two or more things so that together they form aneffective unit (integrate)2 involving a lot of imagination and new ideas (creative)3 connecting ideas in a sensible way (logical)4 to move something from one place to another (transfer)5 expressing an opinion when you think something is wrong or bad (critical)(This definition is only one aspect of this word. Being critical does notalways refer to a negative aspect of something. Ss can look in a dictionary forother definitions.)6 working well and producing the result that was intended (effective)7 to recognize something and understand exactly what it is (identify)8 to create or produce (generate)9 to remember something (recall)5 Complete the passage with the correct formof the words in Activity 4.Writing an essay requires a number of special skills. One of these is to(1) transfer information fromdifferent sources into a single, short document. Another is to present anargument which is (2) logical and easy tounderstand. And, of course, to be (3) effective an essay shouldbe properly planned and researched. Luckily, the Internet can help you withthis research. Most students these days (4) integrate their own readingof a subject with Internet searches. But it is not easy to use the Internet.You should always be (5) critical of what you findand not just use the first web page. A quick search of the Web for a particulartopic may (6) generate thousands of hits, but you must be able to (7) identify the informationyou need. You should be able to (8) recall where you foundit too, because it is important to refer to your sources of information. Andfinally, you need to be(9) creative because an essay should be an original piece of work.6 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 Doing a doctorate makes it possible to become an expert in a particularfield. (specialize)2 I remember the main point of what he was saying, but I cant rememberwhere it was we had theconversation. (thrust; the setting in which)3 Its a very long and difficult book, and Im afraid people may feel undergreat pressure when they turnthe first pages. (overwhelmed)4 Ours is a small university, but the teaching is organized in a sensibleand practical way. (rational)5 Students can get help with money. (financial)Students can get financial help.6 The amount of help is different from one university to another. (extent;varies)7 Answer the questions about the words andexpressions.1 If you hone a skill, do you (a) improve it, or (b) forgetit?(The word hone also indicates the improvement of a skill that isalready well-developed.)2 If you strike a balance between two things, do you (a) choose oneof them, or (b) find a middle way?3 Is an open-ended discussion one which (a) doesntcome to a conclusion, or (b) anyone can join in?4 If you assimilate information, are you likely to (a) take it inand use it effectively, or (b) analyze it and reject it asirrelevant?5 Is something which is subjective likely to be based on (a) fact,or (b) your own feelings or ideas?6 If you get bogged down in something, are you (a) enjoying it, or (b) not ableto get free from it?7 Is a step-by-step approach likely to (a) jump to a conclusion, or(b) moveforwards slowly and logically?Language in usemuch1 Match the sentences with the uses of much .1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (a)2 Rewrite the sentences using not think muchof.1 I didnt think that lesson was very good.I didnt think much of that lesson.2 None of us like the timetable weve been given for this term.None of us think much of the timetable weve been given for this term.3 Im afraid Ive got strong doubts about what Ive written.Im afraid I dont think much of what Ive written.4 Our professor is always criticizing this book.Our professor doesnt think much of this book.5 I dont like the theme of this weeks essay.I dont think much of the theme of this weeks essay.6 I dont agree with Honey and Mumfords ideas about learning types.I dont think much of Honey and Mumfords ideas about learning types.3 Complete the sentences using much rather ormuch prefer .1 Id much rather work in thelibrary than in my room.2 Li would much rather study with afriend than on her own.3 Personally I much prefer taking notes to being givenphotocopies.4 Some people would much rather start writingstraight away than spend a lot oftime reading.Now write two more sentences about your ownstudy preferences. Use much rather and much prefer . I would much rather listen to lecturesthan read the lecture notes. I would much prefer asking questionsafter class to asking questions in class.4 Rewrite the sentences using much less .1 I cant even say two words in Chinese, so I definitely cant speak thelanguage.I cant even say two words in Chinese, much less speak the language.2 Basic study skills are often not taught here, and certainly notpractised.Basic study skills are often not taught here, much less practised.3 Nobody has even started the essay, let alone finished it.Nobody has even started the essay, much less finished it.4 Hardly anyone in the room heard what the lecturer was saying, and so ofcourse they didnt understand him.Hardly anyone in the room heard what the lecturer was saying, much lessunderstood him.5 I havent got a PC in my room, so obviously I havent got an Internetconnection.I havent got a PC in my room, much less an Internet connection.6 I didnt dare say anything after the lesson, let alone criticize what hesaid.I didnt dare say anything after the lesson, much less criticize what hesaid.while / when +participle5 Rewrite the sentences.1 When you choose a course, think about the amount of study it willrequire.When choosing a course, you should think about the amount of study it willrequire.2 When you are writing an essay, you should keep in mind the main theme.When writing an essay, you should keep in mind the main theme.3 Always keep a record of your sources when you do research on theInternet.Always keep a record of your sources when doing research on the Internet.4 Our lecturer uses PowerPoint while he is explaining basic concepts.Our lecturer uses PowerPoint while explaining basic concepts.5 I had a brilliant idea while I was sitting in the library this morning.I had a brilliant idea while sitting in the library this morning.subject-verbinversion6 Rewrite the sentences using subject-verbinversion.1 If I had known what this weeks lecture was about, I wouldnt have gone.Had I known what this weeks lecture was about, I wouldnt have gone.2 I would have corrected the work, if I had noticed the mistake.I would have corrected the work had I noticed the mistake.3 If you had thought about this a little earlier, you wouldnt be introuble now.Had you thought about this a little earlier, you wouldnt be in troublenow.4 If he had shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.Had he shared his ideas with us, we would have made some progress.5 They would have improved the facilities, if they had received more moneyfrom the government.They would have improved the facilities had they received more money fromthe government.7 Complete the sentences about yourself usingthe inversion structure Had I + verb.1 I would have enjoyed myself more had I had ahigher university entrance exam score for computer science.2 Had I known about this football match, I would havemade different arrangements for the weekend.3 I wouldnt have worked so hard had I known the exam was so easy.4 Had I received this colleges information earlier, I would havegone to a different college.8 Translate the sentences into Chinese.1 When was the last organizational vision statement you saw that includedthe words “ to developourselves into a model environment in which everyone at every level canthink for themselves”?“在我们周围逐渐创建出一个模型环境，使各个层次的人都有独立思考的空间。”你最后一次看到包含上述字眼的机构愿景陈述是在什么时候？2 Had she affirmed our intelligence first and spoken about the joy of thinkingfor ourselves, had she not fanned our fear of her, we would all have learnedeven more powerfully what it meant to do our own thinking. And we might havebeen able to think well around her too.要是她一开始就肯定我们的聪明才智，给我们讲讲独立思考的乐趣，要是她没有激起我们对她的畏惧，我们大家就能更深切地体会到独立思考的意义。而且，我们在她面前也会更好地开动脑筋、思考问题。3 Like everyone else, students have their fair share of problems. Gettingto know a new environment,forming relationships with other students, and surviving on limitedfinancial resources are all typicalproblems.和其他人一样，学生们也有他们自己必须面对的问题。典型的问题包括熟悉新环境、与其他同学相处，以及靠有限的经济来源维持生活。4 Talk to some of your friends after a lecture or a tutorial and you willprobably find they rememberdifferent things about it which may be more or less relevant to theteachers aims.下课后或个别指导后，如果你和朋友们聊一聊，你可能会发现他们所记住的东西不尽相同，但或多或少都与老师的教学目的相关。5 Effective reading requires you to vary your rate and style of readingaccording both to the type ofreading material and your purpose in reading it.有效的阅读需要你根据不同的阅读材料和阅读目的来调整阅读的速度和方式。9 Translate thesentences into English.1 老师很有可能不欣赏不会独立思考的学生。(not think muchof ; think for oneself)It is most likely that teachers wont think much of students who cannotthink for themselves.2 他上中学的时候，几乎没有什么人去做科学实验，更谈不上接受这方面的训练了。(hardly; much less)When he was in high school, hardly anyone did scientific experiments, muchless had training in thisrespect.3 嫉妒是由懒惰和无知造成的。(the result of)Envy is the result of laziness and ignorance.4 有些大学生是根据自己的专业来选择志愿服务的，而不是碰到什么就做什么。(volunteer job;rather than)Rather than picking any volunteer job, some college students chooseactivities based on their majors.5 最好的办法就是把学生分成若干小组，让他们针对具体的问题进行讨论。(break up into; focus on)The best approach is to break the students up into several groups so that theycan focus their discussion on specific problems.Unit 4Active reading 1Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Answer the questions about the words fortelephoning.1 What do subscribers pay for?Subscribers pay for line rental so that they will be able to make phonecalls. In other contexts, they may pay for newspapers, magazines or being amember of a club or professional association.2 What part of the phone is the handset?The handset is the part that you hold in your hand.3 What can you do if youre in range of a mobile signal?If youre in range of a mobile signal, you can make and receive calls.4 What kind of phone is a house phone?A house phone is a landline phone (a fixed phone for the whole house).5 If you can use a mobile anywhere, where can you use a landline?You can use a landline only where there is a wire connection (thetelephone signals are carried by a line).6 What has happened if you receive voicemail?If you receive voicemail, it means that someone has left a spoken messagewhich has been recorded on your phone so that you can listen to it later.5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words and expressions in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 The businessman uses his mobile in his free time, while he mostly useshis landline at work. (whereas)2 The businessman and the working mother dont consider their mobilephones to be a basic andimportant part of their lives. (essential)The businessman and the working mother dont consider their mobile phonesto be an essential.3 When she didnt have her mobile, she became confident and not afraid ofpeople. (bold)4 Nothing usually gets in the way of my social life, but on this occasion,not having a mobile phone meant I spent three days alone. (interfereswith)5 The passage describes the strong effect of mobile phones on their lives.(impact)6 Soon the mobile signal will be increased to cover the whole of London. (extended)6 Complete the paragraph with the correctform of the words in the box.Information technology in general and mobile phones in particular havebeen important in bringingabout an (1) utter change to our lifestyles. But the problem with mobile phones is that theycan (2) distract you from doing your job. The businessman gives his mobile phone number to(3) practically everyone he knows. Without his mobile, he isnt necessarily able to do thingsimpulsively. He (4) speculates that he could give up his mobile, but life would be rather (5) tedious and dull withoutit. The schoolgirl has to make social arrangements on thelandline at home in order to avoid having a (6) solitary life for a few days. At firstthe working mother thinks its (7) risky not to have amobile phone, as her family might be in danger. Herfirst (8) impulse is to worry that they couldnt contact her, although they think shesmaking a (9) fuss about not having a mobile. Finally she feels it is like (10) therapy when no one interruptsher.Active reading 2Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with theirdefinitions.1 the distance from one side of an object to the other (breadth)2 a hit or knock to a part of your body (bump)3 slightly nervous, worried, or upset about something (uneasy)4 strange and unusual, sometimes in a way that upsets you (weird)5 thinking seriously about something (thoughtful)6 a feeling that you do not understand something or cannot decide what todo (confusion)7 the attitude of someone who is willing to accept someone elses beliefs,way of life etc withoutcriticizing them even if they disagree with them (tolerance)8 the ability to notice things (awareness)9 to include something as a necessary part of an activity, event or situation(involve)5 Replace the underlined words with thecorrect form of the words in the box.When you meet people from other cultures, there will be many (1) timeswhen someone behaves in a way which you (2) notice as being unusual, but whichis (3) acceptable in their culture. If it (4) attractsyour (5) attention, its all right to (6) ask about cultural differences,because people are (7) usually happy to (8) reply. But dont worry if you areunsure about what to do or what to say. Just remember that finding out aboutcultural differences should give you pleasure and not (9) unhappiness anddiscomfort.Key: (1) occasions (2) perceive (3) conventional (4) arouses(5) curiosity (6) inquire (7) generally (8) respond (9) miseryLanguage in useit + passive voice1 Rewrite the sentences using it + passivevoice.1 Russell Crowe couldnt get a call out to Australia. Someone said this.It was said that Russell Crowe couldnt get a call out to Australia.2 Mobile phones have been the biggest factor of change in everyday behaviourin Britain over the past 15 years. Someone has clai