牛津英语模块5Unit1词汇讲解.ppt

Wordlist,1betray v. 出卖，泄露；辜负，对不忠；背叛 betrayal n./betrayer n. 背叛者 betray sb/sth (to sb) She betrayed her friends.她背叛了朋友。 He was betrayed (出卖)to the enemy by his best friends. She betrayed state secrets to enemy agents. 她向敌特泄露了国家机密。 He betrayed my trust in him.他辜负了我对他的信任。 His face betrays his fear.他无意中露出恐惧的表情。 The house betrays its age.这座房子显得年代相当久了。 His expression betrayed how angry he really was. 他的神情暴露出他内心多么愤怒。,betray oneself 露出马脚，暴露身份 He have a good disguise, but as soon as he speaks he betrays himself. 他伪装得很好，可是一说话就原形毕露了。 betray ones surprise 显得很惊奇,2. Pretend He pretended not to notice. He pretends to be reading. He pretended to have done the work. She didnt love him, though she pretended to. Lets pretend that we are teachers.,3.cheerful adj. cheer v.使欢呼&n.欢呼声 cheer up!别灰心！高兴起来！振作起来！,4.admit的用法 1） admit 作“准许进入”、“允许参加”“被录取”“容纳”解释。 Open the window to admit some fresh air. 打开窗子透透新鲜空气。 Such people shouldnt be admitted to the Party. 这样的人不能吸收入党。 He was admitted to/into Nanjing University. 2） admit 可作“承认”解释，这时，其后可跟名词、动词的-ing形式、宾语从句或宾语+宾语补足语。 He frankly admitted his error.他坦率地承认错误。 John admitted knowing little about the subject. The boy admitted that he had broken the window. 那男孩承认是他打碎了窗子。 You must admit the work to be difficult.你应当承认这项任务是艰巨的。 【注意】admit 后可接不定式作宾补，但不可接不定式作宾语，如例句。,3） admit to : 承认。 He admitted to not handing in his homework. I must admit to being ashamed for what happened. 发生这样的事我应承认我感到惭愧。 He admitted (to) having done his homework. 4)admit of : 作“容许”解。如： This is a universal truth which admits of no exception. 这是一条毫无例外的普遍真理。,5. Beg They begged him for help. I managed to beg a lift from/of a passing car. She begged him not to leave. He begged to be told the truth. She begged that she (should) be allowed to leave. Beggar begged (for) money from pedestrian. I beg your pardon. I beg to differ.=I disagree with you.,6forgive-forgave-forgiven v.原谅 1）.forgive的用法： forgive sb.for sth因原谅某人. Ill never forgive you for what you said to me last night. 对你昨天晚上对我所说的话，我决不原谅。 forgive sbs doing sth 原谅某人某事forgive sb sth We forgave him his sin. 我们宽恕他的罪行。 We forgive his not handing in his homework. forgive sbs debt免除某人债务 Forgiveness forgivable forgiving Forgive and forget excuse, pardon, forgive,6focus 1）n.重点，专注的地方；焦点，关注点 2）v.集中注意力；聚焦。后常接介词on The focus of this chapter is the American Revolution.本章的重点是讲美国独立战争。 The beam of light moved across the sky and focused on the plane.光束在空中移动，集中对准飞机。 focus (sth) on/upon sb/sth集中注意力于 He focus his blue eyes on her. 他那蓝色的眼睛注视着她。 The discussion focused on three main questions. focus on=concentrate on,7guilty .adj. guilt U罪，罪行 be guilty of 犯的罪 There is no denying the fact that he is guilty of murder. 他犯有谋杀罪这个事实是不容否认的。 be guilty about sth.内疚 He was/ felt guilty about what he had done.,8. remark He made a remark about food safety. He remarked on/upon food safety. She remarked how tired I was looking. remarkable 非凡的，显著的,9. argue argue with sb about /over sth It is no use arguing with her about the matter. 与她争论这件事是徒劳的。 argue for/against argue for/in favor of/against the plan. argue that Some argue that these figures are not as worrying as they seem. 一些人主张，这些图并不像他们看起来那么令人担忧。 argue sb into/out of doing sth I argue him into taking a rest. 我们不妨利用等的时间休息一下。,10apologiz(s)e v. apology n.歉意 apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb.for doing sth.因做某事向某人道歉 make an apology道歉 1）单独使用。 It is your fault. You must apologize. 这是你的过错，你必须道歉。 I really dont know who is to apologize. 我的确不知道谁应该道歉。 2）表示“向表示歉意”要加介词to。 If you are late for class, you should apologize to the teacher either at the time or after class. 如果你迟到了，你要么当时，要么课后向老师道歉。 What you have done is right. You neednt apologize to her. 你做的事情是对的，你没有必要向她道歉。,3）表示“因道歉”要加介词for。 I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. 没有提前通知你，我表示歉意。 Thats all right. 没关系。 I apologized to Mary for not coming to her birthday party last week.我因上周没参加玛丽的生日聚会而向她表示歉意。,4）apologize的名词为apology，和make构成make an apology短语，意思和用法与apologize相同。 The captain made an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by the weather. 船长因天气造成的延误向乘客表示歉意。 Tom made an apology to Jane for losing her new bike. 汤姆因丢失了简的新自行车而向她表示歉意。 另外，apology也可同accept，refuse等词连用，表示“接受”或“拒绝”道歉。 It is not good manners to refuse others apology. 拒绝他人的道歉是没礼貌的。 Are you going to accept his apology? 你打算接受他的道歉吗？,11. quarrel with sb about sth This is the woman who will quarrel with everybody about anything. 这就是一个无论碰到什么事都要同别人争论不休的女人。,12. sensitive He is very sensitive to/about his weight. He is a sensitive and caring man and every woman likes him.,13. envy He is the envy of others. Her colleagues were green with envy. I envy you having such a close family.,14blame 1）blame vt.,通常用于下面三个句型: blame sb. for sth. /doing sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事。(被动： be blamed for)如: He blamed his teachers for his failure.他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。 Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。 His companion, blamed for the accident, had not been driving carefully.他的同伴没有谨慎驾驶,应对事故负责。, blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人。如: The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving. 警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。 Its no use blaming our defeat on him.把我们的失败归罪在他头上是没用的。 She blamed the failure of their marriage on him.她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。 be to blame (for)应(为)承担责任;该(为)受责备。注意此处不能用被动语态。如: The children were not to blame for the accident.那次事故怪不着孩子们。 He is more to blame than you.是他更应受责备,而不是你。 Who is to blame for starting the fire?这场火灾该由谁负责? I am in no way to blame.决不该责备我。,2）blame用作名词时,常用于下列搭配: accept/ bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任。如: You must bear the blame for the accident.你必须承担造成这次事故的责任。 We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.我们愿对所发生的事负责。 put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.将某事归咎于某人。 Shell put the blame on us if it turns out badly.如果结果糟糕,她将会怪罪于我们。 He is trying to lay the blame on me.他企图把责任推给我。,15. gifted He has a gift/talent for music. He is gifted with a charming smile.,16. 26get through 1)做完，结束 We wish to get through the thing quickly. 我们期望赶快把这件事做完. 2）通过（考试） They have all got through the exam.考试他们全通过了。 3）看完，度过，用完 I must get through the book before Saturday .我必须在星期六之前看完这本书。 4）（电话）接通 I cant get through to him. 给他打电话打不通。,16. get (well)along / on with 与某人相处（的好） 有关get的词组： get across传播，为人理解 get through （电话等）接通 get away走开；离开 get over从中恢复；克服困难；解决问题 get together 相聚，聚集 get back 回来；恢复 get off下车；出发；动身；下班 get on上车 get up起立，起床 get rid of 摆脱,17. acquaintance acquaintance with sb acquaintance with sth I am delighted to make your acquaintance. I am delighted to make the acquaintance of you. on first acquaintance acquaint me with the facts be acquainted with = be familiar with,18respond vi.回答，答复；响应，反应 response n.回应，反应 responsible adj. 有责任的，负责的 respond to 响应，回答，对作出反应 He will respond to that, not me. 他将会为此事做出反应，我不会。 respond with a smile 以微笑作为回答 in response to 作为对的反应 make a quick response to 对作出很快的反应,e.g.1）Tom responded well to the new course of drugs and was well in a few days. 汤姆对新的疗程反应良好，几天就好了。 2)Children will respond to kindness but not to cruelty. 对孩子好他们才听话，靠虐待是不行的。 3)The horse responded to his control. 这匹马很听从他的指挥。 4)In response to your inquiries, we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter. 对于您的问题，我们很遗憾地通知您我们对此无能为力。,be responsible for 对负责 你是否真的想要为你自己的人生决定负责？ Do you want to be responsible for your own life decisions? have / take on responsibility for / to do,19.regardless. adv In spite of everything; anyway: regardless of I protested, but she carried on regardless. Regardless of danger, she jumped into the fire,20. end up end up in failure/prison with a song as a lawyer getting married,21. rely on=depend on 1. rely on sb. / sth. I rely on you for good advice. The wise will not rely on medicine for keeping their health. The have to rely on the river for their water. 句型2. rely on / upon sb. to do sth. These days, we rely heavily on computers to organize our work. 3. rely on /