Unit7LivingwithDisease教案2.doc

教案序号：第七单元 编写时间：2008-10-20 执行时间：2008-11-04Teaching Aims and Demands单元教学目的和要求话题1. Talking about medicine and health2. Talking about deadly diseases and attitudes towards them功能句式1. Supporting and challenging an opinion (支持或反对意见、观点)I think that , because First, One reason is thatFor example, If I were you, I would Perhaps, but what if / aboutHave you thought about? What makes you think that? Could you please explain?2. Describing imaginary situations （描述虚拟情景） If we were to do , we could I wish as if 词汇1. 认读词汇：quiz, false, virus, via, defenseless, unprotected, sex, specialist, network, proper, meaningful, fierce, stranger, cell, radiation, fighter, contrary, category.2. 写作词汇：deadly, persuade, discourage, lack, available, recover, cheer, treatment, strength, blood, prevention, illness3. 短语搭配：live with, die of, cheer up, suffer from, break down, lack of, on the contrary, for the moment, free from.语法虚拟语气（一）（The Subjunctive Mood 1）用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等。If I were not so busy now, I would go with you.If I had nothing to do now, I would go with you.If I had finished my work at that time, I would have gone with you.Period I Warming Up, Listening & SpeakingTeaching Aims:1. (for warming up ) See whether students know about AIDS by a quiz. If not really, tell them more and get students build correct attitude towards ZIDS . 2. (for listening part) A. Get to know something about disease.B. Learn to make notes when listening.3. (for speaking part) Practise supporting or challenging an opinion by discussing the most serious disease.Background Knowledge for this period1. 艾滋病的定义：医学全名“获得性免疫缺陷综合症”(AIDS：Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)，是人体感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus)，又称艾滋病病毒所导致的传染病. 艾滋病的起源：大约在18-19世纪，艾滋病病毒出现在中非热带雨林地区的一种叫非洲绿猴的体内。据科学家取样分析，200只绿猴中竟有70%带有类似艾滋病的病原体。由于绿猴具有健全的免疫系统，因而它们能带病毒而安然无恙。据说，当地非洲人有吃猴肉的习惯。很可能是他们在杀猴之时，因接触猴血而受到传染，或者在饲养和捕捉猴子时遭到咬、抓造成皮肤损伤，使这种病原体乘机钻进了人体。以后大约在20 世纪60年代，这种艾滋病毒逐渐通过加勒比海地区传入美国东部、东南部，进而传入欧洲和亚洲，在全世界广泛蔓延。 艾滋病的传播：公认的HIV传播途径有三种: 1. 经性接触传播2. 经血液传播3. 经母婴传播血液传播：通过共用不消毒的注射器和针头注射毒品、输入含有艾滋病病毒的血液或血液制品、使用未经消毒或消毒不严的各种医疗器械(如针头、针灸针、牙科器械、美容器械等)、共用剃须(刮脸)刀及牙刷等传播。 母婴传播：感染的母亲在怀孕、生产、哺乳时可将病毒传给胎儿或婴儿。艾滋病病毒感染者的血液、唾液、眼泪和乳汁均有传染性。艾滋病(AIDS)不会通过空气、饮食(水)传播，不会通过公共场所的一般性日常接触(如握手，座椅、马桶、浴缸等)传播，不会通过纸币、硬币、票证及蚊蝇叮咬而传播，游泳池也不会传播。 艾滋病的现状：年全球艾滋病病毒感染者人数已达万，已死2500万； 中国自1985年发现第一例外来艾滋病人以来，现在全国艾滋病病毒感染者实际人数已达100万之多，感染人数居亚洲第四位和世界第17位。2. Disadvantages of smokingThere are believed to be 1.1 billion smokers in the world, and 800 million of them are in developing countries. Smoking is a greater cause of death than any single disease, says the World Health Organization. According to their figures, it is responsible for about 5 million deaths worldwide every year. Disadvantages of drinking世界卫生组织一组数据显示，由酒精引起的死亡率和发病率，是麻疹和疟疾的总和，而且也高于吸烟引起的死亡率和发病率。在中国，每年有114100人死于酒精中毒，占总死亡率的1.3%；致残2737000人，占总致残率的3.0%。 The Seven Deadly Diseases Number 1 is heart disease. Number 2 is cancer. Number 3 is stroke. (Sudden attack in brain that can cause loss of the ability to move or speak clearly) Number 4 is diabetes. (A disease that has sth to do with diet and sugar) Number 5 is osteoporosis. (A disease that means your bones are no longer strong or hard) Number 6 is arthritis. (It means the joints of a body will ache) Number 7 is Alzheimers disease. (It means ones mind is very, very slow when old)Teaching Procedures for this periodStep 1: Lead-in电影落叶归根中有这样一段镜头：赵本山在地下血站遇到了靠捡垃圾和卖血供孩子上大学的宋丹丹。赵卖血不成反问宋为什么她的血就“合格”，宋的一句陕北台词给人印象颇深：“我的身体脏，可我的血是干净的。”很朴实的一句话，可让人感动而又感到可怜。我们都知道，有多少像宋这样的人因为卖血而染上了艾滋病毒。关于艾滋，大家还有哪些了解？我们一起走进。Step 2: Warming Up - (Task: Do the quiz on page 49)Step 3: Speaking - (Task: Support or challenge an opinion)Sample Dialogue for Speaking PartI think that AIDS is the most serious problem because millions of people are dying from the disease and there is no cure for it. Another reason is that anyone can get AIDS and we must make sure that everyone knows how to protect ourselves. Because so many people are living with AIDS, we must learn to treat them properly and not make their life more difficult. If we were to learn more about AIDS, we could stop the disease and help those who have it.Step 4: Listening - (Task: Make notes and answer questions) (read questions first and then listen to the tape)Language points deadly adj 致命的，致死的/ 不共戴天的， 充满仇恨的 He is my deadly enemy adv （口） 极其， 非常His face is deadly pale. Im deadly tired . I can become infected with HIV by swimming in a pool, holding hands or kissing someone with HIV.She infected the whole class with her laugher .One of the boys in the class had a flu and he soon infected other childreninfectious disease 传染病 Yawning is infectious. 打哈欠是会传染的。Step 5 HomeworkPrepare for the Reading Period II Extensive ReadingTeaching Aims 1.Know about the basic means of protecting us from being infected by HIV virus. 2.Emotion strategy: Learn to care about HIV carriers.3.Comprehension strategy: Get the main idea of the text by looking for topic sentences.4.Vocabulary strategy: Guess new words by the context or word form (prefix and suffix)Teaching ProceduresStep 1: Lead-in海迪亚是一名黑人艾滋孤儿，从5岁到12岁她几乎是在病床上度过的。医生说她活不过15岁。在幼儿园，没有小伙伴愿意与她玩，只要她打喷嚏，他们就会跑过来向她喷阿贾克斯（一种消毒剂）。海迪亚备感孤独，幼小的心灵受到了深深的伤害。一次，她无奈地问养母：“妈妈，如果我死了，你会来参加我的葬礼吗？”这让善良的养母备感辛酸，决意要与她一同和艾滋作斗争。 1993年，海迪亚基金会成立了，目的就是要帮助人们做出正确的选择，珍爱生命。1999年美国政府向海迪亚颁发了“全美精英奖”，用于表彰做出杰出贡献的美国黑人。海迪亚在美国已经成了人类精神力量的楷模。如今，海迪亚已经17岁了，她的病情趋于稳定，这推翻了医生最初的预测。现在海迪亚每年都会在全国各地做艾滋病演讲，以自己的亲身经历唤起人们对艾滋病人的关心和支持。事实上，中国也有这样的故事Step 2: Pre-Reading围绕a person living with AIDS 展开想象，猜测文章会涉及到的问题。（这可以是对题材的预测。For example, a person travelling in space;）The questions will be: 1. Who is the person? What is AIDS?2. How did he (she) get AIDS? When did he get AIDS?3. How does the person feel about having AIDS?4. Is the person able to live a normal life?5. What can be done to cure or help people who have AIDS?6. How do her friends and family feel about her disease?Step 3 (Task: Make prediction about the main idea and the structure of the text)Question 1: What is the passage mainly about just by reading the title? A. A person was born but then diedB. A person born and living with an incurable diseaseC. The truth that nobody can avoid dyingD. A new diseaseQuestion 2: In what order is the article organized?A. TimeB. SpaceC. LogicD. ReasoningStep 4: While-Reading (Scan the text to get main ideas and skim to get detailed information)Para. 1: Xiaohua is a person living with AIDS.Para. 2: What is AIDS?Para. 3: How do people get AIDS?Para. 4: Many children become infected with AIDS.Para. 5: There is little hope for Xiaohua to live, but she decides to do something meaningful to help others.Para. 6: Xiaohua helps AIDS patients and tries to change peoples attitude to them.Vocabulary strategy (guess the meanings of new words)1. defenceless (word form): defence means protection; the suffix less means without or unable, so .2. illness (word form): ill means sick; the suffix ness can change an adj. into a noun. 3. treatment (word form + context): ment means the act of doing sth; The text tells us “the treatment is expensive”4. unprotected (word form): prefix un means without5. lack (context): The text tells us that AIDS is spreading because of a lack of health care; so lack means absence6. specialist (context): We know special; the suffix list means a person, so that means a person who has special skillsSuggested questions for skimming:1.What kind of disease is AIDS? 2.How does the disease spread? 3.How did Xiaohua1get HIV? And when?3.Which kind of people suffers the most? 4.What did Xiaohua decide to do after she knew she got AIDS? 5. Is it right that AIDS patients only suffer from the disease itself? 6.How many children were infected in the world in 2002?(3.2 million children)7. What does Xiaohua mean by saying the last sentence in the text?(Making the most of her limited life)Step 5 Retell the text in about 100 words. Xiao Hua ,a girl of 15, was infected with HIV when she was born. When she was three years old her mother died of AIDS, leaving her father taking care of her. Like Xiao Hua, many children in the world become infected with HIV every day. There is little hope for them to survive long. Though she knows she cant live long , she still decides to do something to help other AIDS patients. She says : “I wish people would find out the facts and not act as if I were a dangerous person.”But in fact the most dangerous thing is that many people know little about it. She believes life is beautiful though hers is not so beautiful.Step 6 : Post-Reading (Tasks: 1. discuss the questions on page 52, esp. Q5. Step 7 Homework Do exercises in WORD STUDYPeriod III Intensive Reading (Knowledge Points in reading part) She is one of millions of children in the world living with AIDS. (Para. 1)Live with: 与。住在一起；接受或容忍。e.g. Mary lives with her parents.e.g. You must live with the fact that you are not that clever.链接：live by doing靠做某事为生e.g. He lives a peaceful life by fishing.live on sth靠某物为生e.g. How can I live on $100 for two weeks?live through 经历过。e.g. He lived through both world wars.live up to达到。标准e.g. I must live up to my parents expectation. AIDS is a disease that breaks down the bodys immune system. (Para. 2)Break down: 摧毁/拆毁；推翻；崩溃/出故障；拖垮e.g. They broke down the old bridge.e.g. The enemys resistance were broken down.e.g. The peace talks have broken down.e.g. You will break down if you go on working like this.链接：break up解散；分手e.g. She has just broken up with her boy friend.break into破门而入e.g. The police broke into the house but found nothing.break out突然发生；爆发e.g. Fire broke out during the night.break away from挣脱；脱离e.g. The prisoner broke away from his guards.考题： Youve been working so hard for nearly a month. Relax yourself, or you will _ sooner or later. (盐城高三调研)Aput downBget downC break downDturn down Mainly because of a lack of proper health care. (Para. 4)Lack (n. vt. vi): 缺乏；be lacking in = be short of 缺少e.g. The project had to be quitted for a lack of funds.e.g. I lack the courage to do it.e.g. He doesnt lack for friends.e.g. She is lacking in common sense.考题： Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _ of exercise. (2007辽宁)A. limitB. needC. lackD. lacking Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked inlack (v)a. We lack the necessary information.b. He lacks money / courage / ability /experience The drugs that are available are much too expensive. (Para. 5)Available: 可以用的；有时间的（多指见面，谈话）e.g. This is the only available room.e.g. The Prime Minister was not available for comment. (首相无暇评论) Xiaohua knows that she will die before she has a chance to grow old. (Para. 5)Before 作连词，意为：不等。就。如：She cried again before I could repeat. 类似的结构还有：It was 时间段 before过了多久才e.g. It was 3 hours before the police arrived.It wasnt时间段before不久之后就e.g. It wasnt ten minutes before my father came back.It will时间段 before得等多久才e.g. It will be one more year before I get into a university.It wont时间段 before不用多久就e.g. It wont be long before we meet again.考题：-How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?-Perhaps two or three years.A. whenB. untilC. thatD. beforeAs with hiking, you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and careful in doing this job. suffer 受；遭受（苦痛/损失/ 损害）suffer from 受之苦/折磨,患病The company suffered a great loss after the big fire.He suffered great pain when he was young.The city suffered serious damage from the flood .The old man is suffering from cancer.Tang Shan once suffered from a big earthquake. discourage sb 使某人泄气/气馁Dont discourage her. She is doing her best.discourage sb from doing sth 劝某人不要做某事We tried to discourage him from climbing the high mountain. She also goes to visit other AIDS patients in hospitals to cheer them up. (Para. 5)Cheer sb: 向某人欢呼；cheer sb up (给某人打气)；cheerful: 兴高采烈的；cheer-leader 拉拉队长e.g. Your visit cheered up the sick man. doctors that can persuade hospitals and companies to spend more money on AIDS. (Para. 6)persuade 意为“说服”， persuade sb to do sth； persuade sb into / out of doinge.g. We persuaded him to stop smoking.e.g. I persuaded him out of dropping the experiment. 考题：While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D.be persuadedpersuade sb of sth / that .使某人相信/信服 We are persuaded of the justice of her case. How can I persuade you that I am sincere ? 考题：The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _ to eat more fruit. (2004上海)A. persuadeB. will persuadeC. be persuadedD. are persuaded I wish people would find out the facts. Act as if I were a bad or a dangerous person. (Para. 6)Wish 后的宾从多用虚拟语气。若从句是与现在事实相反的假设，就用一般过去时be动词只用were；若与过去相反，就用过去完成时；若与将来相反，就用would / could / might + 动词原形。另外，as if / though 引导的方式状从有时也用虚拟，用法同上。I wish I were as rich as you.He wished he hadnt said that.I wish some day I could fly like a bird.Tom looks as if he hadnt known it that day. He talks as if he could help us when sth happens.考题： I wish I _ you yesterday. (98全国)A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. sawHomework AssignmentPeriod IV Grammar The Subjunctive Mood (1)Teaching Aim: Subjunctive Mood in object and adverbial clausesStep 1: Show some sentences to the students; guide them to discover the definition and rules of this grammatical item.Suggested sentences are just on P53. They are all from the reading.定义：用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种与事实相反的愿望、假设、建议或纯粹的空想等。在虚拟语气中你会看到很多类似假如什么什么就好了的话，因而用我们汉语来说，虚拟语气就是马后炮加白日梦。Step 2: Usage of “Wish”1. wish + sb / sth + 过去式 表与现在相反e.g. I wish I were a shark.2. wish + sb / sth + had + 过去分词 表与过去相反e.g. I wish she had met me before.3. wish + sb / sth + could/would/might + V原 表与将来相反e.g. He wishes he would be a millionaire.Step 3: 其他动词后宾从里的虚拟句型：动词 + that sb should do；用于该句型的动词有：一坚持insist二命建order, command; suggest, propose三思考think, expect, believe四要求require, request, demand, desiree.g. He insisted (that) we (should) stay there.e.g. The judge ordered (that) the thief (should) be punished.e.g. I never thought (that) he (should) refuse my help.e.g. She didnt expect (that) you (should) come.注意：当suggest意为表明而非建议，insist意为坚持认为而非坚持要求时，均不用虚拟语气。e.g. His pale face suggested that he was ill.e.g. She insisted that I stole her dictionary.Step 4: 状语从句中的非真实条件句从句句型主句句型例句与现在相反If sb did / weresb could / would / might doIf I were you, I would go at once.与过去相反If sb had donesb could / would / might have doneIf you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.与将来相反If sb should do / were to dosb could / would / might doIf it were to be sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.Step 5: as if / though 引导的方式状从中的虚拟如：He talks as though he knew where she was.与现在事实相反The girl listened as though she had been turned to stone.与过去事实相反It looks as though it might snow in June.与将来事实相反Step 6: 目的状从中的虚拟语气：in order that / so that sb could / would / might / should 如：She wore a diamond necklace so that she would be regarded as a rich mans wife.Step 7：Homework Page 54 Ex3，4，5，6真题再现：1. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had2.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _ your advice. A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed 3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken4.If there were no air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night _ for us to live.A. would be freezing too coldB. will be freezing too coldly C. would be frozen too coldD. can freeze too coldly5.John wished he _ the football game instead of the play.A. SawB. seeC. had been seenD. had seen6.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love at the age of seven.A. would have fallenB. had fallenC. should fallD. were to fall7.His failure in the experiment suggested that he _ his teachers proper instructions.A. shouldnt have followedB. should not followC. mustnt have followedD. hadnt followed8.I wish I _ a chance to talk with you about my writing before you left.A. hadB. didC. had hadD. will have9. -Dont press the button, John.-What if I _ ?A.B.C.D.E. 大概的A. willB. didC. shallD. would10. -Most students went to the museum yesterday. Its a pity you were absent. -I wish I _.A. didB. wouldC. hadD. werentPeriod V Integrating SkillsTeaching Aims：1. Learn the text structure of describing an important event2. Try to write a personal narrative essay, expressing their feelings and thinking. (What/How / W/ Why did it make you feel?)Step 1: Lead-in08年的体育明星除了菲尔普斯等人外其实还有一位，他就是自行车职业赛车手兰斯阿姆斯特朗（Lance Armstrong，1971年9月18出生于美国德州）。阿姆斯特朗在1996年10月参加世界顶级公路赛时被诊断出患了睾丸癌。癌变扩散到了身体内，连医生对其康复都不抱希望。但经过12个星期的化疗和一年多的停赛休养，阿姆斯特朗于1998年2月康复，并在其后创造了环法大赛七连冠的奇迹（1999年-2005年），被人